Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A New Dataset and Method for Automatically Grading ESOL Texts" pdf

... Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 180–189, Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011. c 2011 Association for Computational Linguistics A New Dataset and Method for Automatically Grading ESOL ... analyses of the perfor- 180 mance of individual systems, as yet there is no pub- lically available shared dataset for training and test- ing such systems and compa...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... identity with the TRs from E. coli and Aeropyrum pernix (31% and 34%, respectively), and possesses conserved motifs responsible for the binding of FAD (GXGXXA and GXFAAGD) and the binding of NADPH (GXGXXA), ... ampicillin at 37 °CuptoanD 600 of 1.0, and FNR expression was induced by treatment with 1.0 mm IPTG for 5 h at 37 °C. Cells were harvested by cen- trifugation at 5000 g...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 08:20

... Experimental results and analy- sis show that the new model outperforms other previous methods and achieves a substantial improvement over the baseline which is not syntactically informed. 1 Introduction The ... NP”, and “VP→ADVP VP” are used as features for s 1 , s 2 and s respectively. • Path Features (PF) The tree path σ(s 1 ) σ(s) connecting σ(s 1 ) and σ(s), σ(s 2 ) σ(s) co...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 07:20

... using the mrg annotations in directories 2 and 3 for training, and the files sw4004.mrg to sw4153.mrg in directory 4 for evalu- ation, following Johnson and Charniak(2004). The input to the system ... after an er- ror. For instance, in the repair a flight to Boston, uh, I mean, to Denver on Friday , there is an exact match of the word ‘to’ between reparandum and re- pair, and a...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... S(1) and S(2) or not. 4 Last action given by the classifier, and number of words in S(1) and S(2). 5 Headword and its POS of S(1), S(2), S(3) and S(4), and word and POS of Q(1), Q(2), Q(3) and ... set) for training and 10% for testing. Fung et al.(2004) also took the maximum-entropy mod- eling approach, but augmented by transformation- based learning. They used the standa...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... relaxed and creative writing style and the frequent use of unconventional and not yet standardized short- forms. Direct modeling of these special phenom- ena in MT requires tremendous effort. ... messages are short, concise and convey much information within the limited space quota (160 letters for English), thus they tend to be im- plicit and influenced by pragmatic and situ...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... 2005b) and post inference (Pun- yakanok et al., 2004). These feature-based methods are considered as the state of the art method for SRL and achieved much success. However, as we know, the standard flat ... convo- lution tree kernel for SRL. In this paper, we fol- low the same framework and design a novel hybrid convolution kernel for SRL. 3 Feature-based methods for SRL Usuall...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... specialized methods also exist, for ex- ample for support vector machines (Musicant et al., 2003) and for conditional random fields (Gross et al., 2007; Suzuki et al., 2006). All of these methods ... variety of methods ex- ists for training classifiers that optimize the F-score, or some similar trade-off between false positives and false negatives, precision and recall, sensitivit...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... bootstrapping method for PER NE, LOC NE, and ORG NE are 5%, 6%, and 34% respectively. The performance for PER and LOC are above 80%, approaching the performance of supervised learning. The reason for ... containsDigitAndAlpha, containsDigitAndDash, containsDigitAndSlash, containsDigitAndComma, containsDigitAndPeriod, otherNum, allCaps, capPeriod, initCap, lowerCase, o...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 16:20

... Evaluate(Best)  (4) New  Create-S uccessor(Best, Descriptors) if Distractors (New) = nil then  (5) State (New)  Final  (6) if Bestscore > Score (New) then  (7) Bestscore Score (New) for every node ... accumul- ation and computes the Distractors and all evalu- ation properties accordingly. The property Next- prop is the first non-category atomic descriptor for success...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20