Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 2 doc

... (often ¼ IP or TP) S’ ‘‘S-bar’’ (¼ CP) SAI Subject-Aux Inversion SCT structure- changing transformation slash ‘‘slash feature’’ (indicates a gap in structure) SOV Subject-Object-Verb order subcat subcategorization ... predicative content of the f -structure PSG phrase structure grammar PSR phrase structure rule Q Question QP QuantiWer Phrase R-expression referring expression (most nou...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 17:20

... of (15b) is that either binding condition C holds at D -structure before wh-movement applies or the wh-phrase ‘‘recon- structs’’ to its D -structure position after the overt component of the grammar. ... added after D -structure and movement. (16) X Bar À! D -Structure # Movement # S -Structure (adjunction happens here) So the derivation of (15d) is such that the adjunct is added after t...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... grammatical functions, as dependency and constituency 171 shown in (2) . These f-structures are mapped to the constituent structure (c -structure) using metafunctions and functional equations. () PRED ‘love ... functional structure is the idea that diVerent elements in the constituent structure can contribute to a single f -structure unit. Take the following example, which is take...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... restrictions on multi-structures 193 do-support and condition C-eVects in anti-reconstruction environ- ments. To schematize, we might hypothesize that simple constituent structure is represented ... to be happy. A constituent- sharing approach also provides a straightforward an- alysis of non -constituent coordination (see below for citations and discussion). For example, Right-Node Rai...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... c-command relations seen in (24 a): (24 ) (a) *[apne baccoN-ne] Mohan-ko maaraa. self children-erg Mohan-acc beat ‘‘*Self’s children beat Mohan.’’ (b) ?Mohan-ko [apne baccoN-ne] maaraa. Mohan-acc ... across-the-board raising have been proposed by Goodall (1987),19 Grootveld (19 92) , Moltmann (19 92) , Muadz (1991), Wilder (1999), Uriagereka (1998), de Vries (20 03, 20 04, 20 05) ,20 Citk...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... by Kathol multi-structures 21 1 (20 00) (see also Kathol and Levine 1993). Kathol draws on Reape’s (1994) idea that word order in HPSG should be described in terms of a special word-order domain ... the problem.’’ (b) SЈ S NP VP S NP VP PRO NP C V 1 V 2 probeert dat hij het probleem te begrijpen C V 1 V 2 NP V r NP VP S SЈ multi-structures 21 3 They also propose that such trees with re...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... Foundations of Language 4: 24 8–69). —— (1970). ‘‘English as a VSO Language.’’ Language 46: 28 6–99. —— (19 82) . ‘‘Parentheticals and discontinuous constituent structure. ’’ Lin- guistic Inquiry 13: 91–106. —— ... Germanic Verb-Second Phenomenon.’’ Working Papers in Scandinavian Syntax 50: 1 24 . Jackendoff, Ray (19 72) . Semantic Interpretation in Generative Grammar. Cam- bridge, MA: M...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 15:16

... 171 2, 23 8, 25 1 Breton 22 7, 23 2 Brody, M. 178 Bunt, H. 197–8 Bury, D. 178 Carnap, R. 106 Carnie, A. 20 , 43, 164–7, 22 4, 23 0 2, 24 1, 24 8–9, 25 2 cartography 21 9– 62 Cascade structure 21 5 Case 141, 24 5–6 case ... J. 159–60 V2 see verb second vacuous projections 144 Van Valin, Robert 186–7, 21 2, 21 6–17, 22 3–5 verb phrase 22 2– 42 verb second 25 2–3 verb-objec...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 17:20

... might call this the concatenation-as-addition hypothesis. Addition is commutative; that is, 2 þ 4 ¼ 4 þ 2. But if we compute the meaning of the structure in (2) using addition, we might predict ... require an account. 1 .2 Organizational notes In this book, I survey the current thinking, both cross-linguistically and cross-theoretically, on the topic of constituent structure. In the...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 17:20

... to say that there is always a one-to-one relationship between constituent structure and semantics. Another advantage to adopting both a hierarchical constituent structure and the compositionality ... meanings correspond to diVerent constituent structures, then the meaning in (44a) corresponds to a constituent structure where the PP with an open mouth is part of the same const...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 17:20