Thang do CILS ,

. ·:

3.1.1 Thang do CILS ,

38 bie'n quan sat cua AJDI du<;1c dem vao ki€m dinh tie'p theo trong EFA; 15 bie'n quan sat c6 trQng s6 nho bi lo(;li, 23 bie'n con li;li trich thanh 4 nhan t6

vdi t6ng phuong sai trich du<;1c la 54.31%. Cac bie'n trich trong tung nh6m du<;1c t6ng h</p ke't qua trong bang 3.1, trong d6, cac bie'n giao tie'p 1, giao tie'p 2 va thao vat 3 trich sang nh6m qua illlJ.C tieu.

K€ tie'p, CFA du<;1c ap dvng d€ ki€m dinh gia tri cua tung khai 1 (bie'n ffn, vi dv: qua mvc tieu) thong qua ke't.qua do luang cac gia trt tinh don nguyen, d<) tin gia tri h<)i tv, gia tri phan Cac bie'n quan sat: giao tie'p 1, giao tie'p 2, thao Vat 3 Va di;lO due 3 CO phtiong sai CUa sai s6

chuffn (standardized residual covariance) vu<;1t qua mile cho phep (2.5), nen bi

lo<;1i bo; thang do CILS con l<;1i 19 bie'n vdi ke't qua ki€m dinh phil h<;1p (xem hlnh 3.1). nay du<;1c coi la h<;1p ly vl trong ki€m dinh EFA, cac bie'n quan sat giao tie'p 1 (giau kinh giao tie'p 2 trQng), thao vat 3 (c6 kha nang t?o dl;t'ng doanh da trich sang nh6m nhan t6 qua mvc tieu. Tuy nhien trong ki€m dinh CFA, cac bie'n quan sat nay v§n th€ m6i quan chi;it che vdi cac thanh cua giao tie'p va thao vat): Tuong tl;t', bie'n quan sat

d<:to due 3 (chan thanh) tuy thu9c nh6m d<:to due ca nhan nhu'ng le;ti c6 m6i quan ch<',lt vdi nh6m nang llfc giao tie'p. Lu'U y thang do CILS cua Ling et al (2000) mdi chi du<;c dinh d9 tin sd b9 va EFA tren SPSS, chua qua

cac dinh CFA nen c6 chua bao dam la thang do c6 muc d9 tin va

chinh xac cao. Phu'dng phap u'dc lu<;ng Maximum L*elihood (ML) du<;c sli' d1,1ng u'dc lu<;ng cac tham s6 do ldn ta't ca cac bie'n c6 d9 nhQn va d9 trong khoang [-1, +1]. Chi m9t bie'n quan sat qua m1,1c tieu 5) duy nha't c6 gia tri d6i trung blnh ldn hdn 1.00 (xem ph1,1 luc 3 ke't qua phan ph6i

Bang 3.1: Ke"t qua EFA d6i v6'i thang do CILS

" -· •f nhant6 1 2 3 4 hieuqua8 .780 hieuqua7 .760 hieuqua5 .753 hieuqua6 .704 giaotiep1 .692 giaotiep2 .659 hieuqua4 .654 hieuqua2 .615 thaovat3 .529 daoduc2 .887 daoduc3 .823 daoduc9 .656 daoduc7 .638 daoduc1 .622 daoduc6 .596 daoduc5 .479 thaovat4 .743 thaovat8 .663 thaovat5 .628 thaovat1 .467 giaotiep6 .833 giaotiep7 .822 giaotiep5 - 39.424 9.9461 7.2331 .748 %of 5.162 Variance

Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings I 54.313%

ExtractiOn Method: Principal Axis Factonng. Rotation Method: Promax with Kaiser Normalization. a Rotation converged in 6 iterations.

.19 .17

dinh thang do CILS in=262.500; p=.OOO

.51 gfi=.913; df=144

r--'---. cfi=.954; tli=.945 rmsea=.054

Ke't qua tinh nhu sau:

(1). Mo hlnh c6 cac tham s6 phil h<Jp voi: Chi-square ("/}) = 261.5; df= 144;

p=O.OOO; Comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.954; GPI (goodness of fit index) = 0.913; Tucker-Lewis coefficient (TLI) = 0.945;_ Root mean square error appreciation (RMSEA) = 0.054.

Oic ph liang sai eli a sai s6 chuin d@u nho han 2.305.

(2). Thang do dap ling yeu vS d9 tin h<Jp (PC) voi ta't ca PC

>0.848; va gia tri h<)i tl,l voi ta't ca trc.mg s6 >0.55; trung blnh trQng s6 (W>0.69)

va ta't ca phuang sai trich (VE) d@u Ion han 0.50, ngo9-i tru ye'u t6 d9-o due ca nhan VE-0.4889 c6 thS cha'p du<;}c. (Ne'u loe;d bo bie'n quan sat d9-o due 1: d(lt quy@n l<;i t6 chuc/cong ty tren quy@n l<;}i ca nhan, nh6m d9-0 due ca nhan se c6 chi s6 VE phil h<Jp han (VE>0.5). Tuy nhien, chung toi cho ding giu l9-i bie'n d9-0 due 1 se bao dam gia tri n9i dung cua bie'n d9-0 due ca nhan han va

VE=0.489 c6 thS t9-m cha'p Mile d9 giai thich cua 4 nh6m ye'u t6

trong cong du<;}c thS trong CILS: • D9-o due ca nhan: 0.82

• qua cong 0.89

• Nang hfc giao tie'p: 0.63 ..

• Tai thao vat: 0.66.

3. Thang do dap ling gia tri phan voi ta't ca f?() quan (correlations)

c6 gia tri r d@u trong khoang tu 0.456 de'n 0.765; ta't ca gia tri ella (1-r)/SE

IOn hem 2 va gia trip d@u c6 y nghia (p<O.OOO) (xem bang 3.2).

Ke't qua kiSm dinh gia tri thang S trlnh bay trong bang 3.3.

Bang 3.2: s6 tu'dng quan gifi'a cac thanh thang do CILS

Voc Sai

s6 tu'ong quan (correlations) h.t<;ingr CR SE 1-r (1-r)/SE

due <--> giao tie'p 0.463 5.045 0.092 0.537 5.851

due <--> thao vat 0.456 4.917 0.093 0.544 5.866

due <--> qua 0.765 6.704 0.114 0.235 2.059

_giao <--> thao vat 0.665 6.729 0.099 0.335 3.390

_Eiao <--> qua 0.505 5.948 0.085 0.495 5.830

thao vat <--> qua 0.557 6.225 0.089 0.443 4.951

***: p<O.OOO ., 31 p_ *** *** *** *** *** ***

Bang 3.3: Ke't qua djnh gia tri thang do CILS

Khai S6 htQ'ng PC VE w Gia tr1

bie'n thang do

due ca nhan 6 0.8486 0.4889 0.6908 PhU h<;ip qua m1,1c tieu 6 0.8709 0.5328 0.7248 PhU h<;Jp

Da tai 4 0.7996 0.5004 0.7060 PhU h<;ip Wing hfc giao tie'p 3 0.8566 0.6678 0.8213 PhU h<;ip

Ke't Thang do CILS thich h<;Jp d€ do ll.tang cac ph£m cha't Hinh dqo d Vi<%t Nam.

Thang do uy tin 1anh dqo chi c6 ba quan sat nen du<;Jc dinh chung trong mo

h1nh do luang.

3.1.2 djnh thang do srf ke't dO'i v6"i t6 chii'c

Tuong tt;t nhu vi<%c dinh thang do CILS, thang do st;( g3:n ke't ddi voi t6 chll'c du<;Jc dinh thong qua BFA va CPA. 18 bie'n quan sat cua st;t g3:n ke't ddi voi

t6 chll'c du'<;Jc ki€m dinh trong EPA, 2 bie'n quan sat bi loqi, 16 bie'n con l'.li trich trong 3 nhan t6 tuong U'ng voi n9i dung cffn do luang cua m6i nhan t6. Bang 3.4

tr)nh bay ke't qua v@ phuong sai trich cua tung nh6m va t6ng phuong sai trich

tich li'iy.

Trong dinh CPA, 7 bie'n quan sat bi loqi; thang do st;t g3:n ke't d6i voi t6

chll'c con 9 bie'n qmin sat. NQi dung cua 9 bie'n quan sat con lqi da hi<%n du<;Jc gia tri n9i dung cua ba thanh phffn cua y thli'c g3:n ke't ddi voi t6 chll'c:

Long trung thfmh voi t6' chuc:

• Anh chi mu6n 6· lqi linn cling t6 chuc/cong_ ty cu6i doi

• Anh/chi se a· lc;ti lam lau dai v&i cong ty m?c du c6 nai khac nghi

luang bbng han.

Bang 3.4: Ke't qua EFA dO'i voi thang do mti'c d(;) ke't dO'i v6'i t6 chti'c Nh6mnhan t6 1 2 3 dongnhat5 .816 dongnhat7 .805 dongnhat8 .728 dongnhat4 .722 dongnhat6 .687 dongnhat3 .624 dongnhat2 .620 cogang2 .945 cogang1 .837 cogang4 .695 cogang3 .618 cogang5 .567 trungthanh2 .866 trungthanh1 .860 trungthanh3 .669 trungthanh5 .595 Variance 50.241 13.915 6.296 extracted%

Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings 63.979

Extraction Method: Pnnc1pal Ax1s Factonng. Rotat1on Method: Promax with Kaiser Normalization. a Rotation converged in 6 iterations.

C6 n6 hfc:

• Anhlchi vui mung khi nhfrng c6 cua anh/chi da d6ng g6p t6t cho t6 chuc/cong ty.

• Anh!chi tl,l' n6 ll,l'c minh nang cao ky nang c6 c6ng han cho cong

• Anh/chi tl,l' c6 cao nhfrt hoc!m thc!mh Vl).

Dfing nha't v6'i t6 chti'c:

• Anhlchi tlJ hEtO t6 chuc/cong ty nay

• Anh/chi earn ro rang la anh/chi thu<)c t6 chuc/cong ty nay.

• Anh/chi cam thfry cac vfrn cua cong ty cling nhu vfrn cua chinh ban than.

Ke't qua dinh cua thang do y thuc ke't d6i voi t6 chuc phil h<;5p (xem hlnh 3.2 va 3.3).

.55

effort

dentificatio

Hinh 3.2: kiem dinh thang su gan ket to chuc chi-square=36.1 00 p=.054; df=24 cfi=.953 gfi=.945 tli=.929 rmsea=.042 .60 ·9!82 .55 .78 ngnh t5d ngnh t4 (1} 4 4

effort

. 67

.96

dentificatio

d

Hinh 3.3: Muc do giai thich cua cac thanh phan trong thang do su gan

ket to chuc chi-square=36.1 00 p=.054; df=24 cfi=.953 gfi=.945 tli=.929 rmsea=.042 .56 . .82 .98

Theo Smiths et al (2005) vdi s6 ht<;ing bie'n quan sat k<12, co la 200 (1.5kGk+l)) c6th& sll' dvng phuong phap udc lu'<;ing ADF. V1 ADF du<;ic sll'

dl;lng u'dc lu<;ng cac tham s6. Ke't qua tinh nhu' sau:

1. Mo hlnh c6 cac tham s6 phu h<;p vdi: l = 36.1; df= 24; p=0.054; GFI= 0.945; CFI= 0.953; TLI= 0.929; RMSEA = 0.042.

Cac phuong sai cua sai s6 chufrn nho hon 2.35; MI nho hon 6.5.

2. Thang do dap ling gia tri phan vdi ta't ca m6i quan c6 gia tri r trong khoang tU' 0.46 de'n 0.80 (xem bang 3.5) vdi tri cua (1-r)/SE > 2, chung to gia tri phan CUa ba trong thang do Slf g8:n ke't dcfi vdi t6 chuc.

3. Thang do dap ling yeu dQ tin c?y t6ng h<;ip (PC) vdi ta't ca PC >0.840; va gia tri h9i tl;l vdi ta't ca trQng s6 >0.56; trung blnh trQng s6 (W>0.78) va ta't ca phu'ong sai trich (VE) ldn hon 0.64). Xem bang 3.6. Muc d9 giai thich cua cac trong thang do Slf g8:n ke't d6i vdi t6

• Long tt! hao d6i vdi t6 chile: 0.98 • N6 llJ'c, c6 g8:ng: 0.56

• Long trung thanh: 0.82

Bang 3.5 s6 ttio'ng quan giua cac phftn trong thang do st;. ke't

do"i voi t6 chuc

Voc Sai

s6 tttdng quan (correlations) llt<;ing r CR chuifn 1-r (1-r)/SE p

Trung

thanh <--> c6 0.462 6.076 0.076 0.538 7.076 ***

Tl,l' hao <--> Trung thanh 0.553 6.576 0.084 0.447 5.316 ***

Tl,l'hao <--> c6 0.801 9.789 0.082 0.199 2.432 ***

Bang 3.6: Ke't qua dinh gia trf thang do srf. ke't dol v6'i t6 c}J.uc

Thang do So' h.tQ'ng PC VE w Gia trj

bie'n .thang do

Tlf hao (pride) 3 0.8517 0.6586 0.8083 Phu h<;1p

C6 g:ing (effort) 3 0.8614 0.6832 0.8100 Phu h<;1p Trung thanh (loyalty) 3 0.9205 0.7942 0.8910 Phil h<;1p

Slf gin ke't d6i voi t6 chU'c 3 0.8409 0.6486 0.7870 Phu h<;Jp

Nhu thang do OCQ chinh c6 gia tri va thich hop trong Nam.

3.1.3 dfnh thang do muc d() tho a man cua nhan vien

Thang do c6 5 bie'n quan sat, ke't qua dinh CFA phil hqp vdi:

x2

= 7.43; df= 4; p=0.051; GFI= 0.990; TLI= 0.988; RMSEA = 0.055. Cac phu'ong sai cua sai s6 chu§'n nho hon 1.00.

Nhu v?y, trong nghien cuu da dinh thang do CILS c6 21 bie'n quan sat va thang do sq' ke't d6i vdi t6 chuc c6 9 bie'n quan sat, thang do muc d() thoa man cua nhan vien c6 5 bie'n quan sat. Cac bie'n quan sat trong ba thang do nay se tiSp t1;lc du'qc kiSm dinh trong mo hlnh do lu'ong cling vdi ba bie'n quan sat uy tin lanh

3.2 dinh mo hinh

3.2.1 dinh mo hinh do lu'ong

Gia tri phan cua cac thanh phgn trong mo hlnh do luang dU'QC dinh trong EFA va CFA. Ta't dt cac bie'n bie'm §'n duqc dinh chung trong phan tich nhan t6kham pha (EFA). Ke't qua bang 3.7 cho tha'y ca 9 bie'n §'n trich trong 9 nhan t6 tu'ong ling vdi n()i dung cgn do luong c1h m6i nhan t6. nay cho thay gia tri phan cua cac thanh phgn trong lnO hlnh nghien CUll. Mo ta th6ng ke va phan ph6i cua cac bie'n quan sat dU'QC trlnh bay trong ph1;l life 3.

s6 tu'dng quan Clh ta't ca cac bie'n quan sat tren day trong nghien CUU d1i<;jc trlnh

bay trong phl;lll;lc 4.

Bang 3.7: Ke't qua ki6m dinh EFA d6ivoi cac bie'n quan sat trong nghien cuu

Factor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 hieuqua7 0.870 hieuqua5 0.823 .. hieuqua8 0.806 hieuqua6 0.726 hieuqua4 0.467 hieuqua2 0.441 daoduc2 0.758 daoduc9 0.732 daoduc6 0.691 daoduc1 0.655 daoduc7 0.634 daoduc5 0.496 trunqthanh2 0.874 trungthanh1 0.855 trunqthanh3 0.803 thoaman5 0.801 thoaman4 0.740 .thoaman2 0.720 thoaman1 0.629 thoaman3 0.544 .. cogang2 0.941 cogang1 0.864 cogang3 0.586 cogang5 0.506 thaovat5 0.712 thaovat8 0.683 thaovat4 0.658 thaovat1 0.517 giaotiep7 0,867. giaotiep6 0:835.' giaotiep5 0.716. Uytin2 0.609 Uytin3 0.598 Uytin1 . 0.481 dongnhat8 0.664 dongnhat5 0.637 dongnhat4 0.535 37.575 8.032 6.013 5.381 3.953 3.560 2.908. 2.432 2.117

Extraction Sums of Loadings 63.295%

Extraction Method: Pnncipal Ax1s Factonng. Rotation Method: Promax with Kaiser Normalization. A Rotation converged in 8 iterations.

.16

0

.74

Kiim djnh nhan ti/ khilng djnh (CFA) mo hinh lztiYng 1: Anh hztling cua CILS dtn uy tin liinh dr;o. Lo(;li bo 1 bie'n c6 phu'ong sai cua sai s6 vu'Qt qua 2.5, ke't qua ki6m dinh CFA phu h<;1p voi:

x2

= 256.418; df=141; p=O.OOO; GFI= 0.912; CFI= 0.959; TLI= 0.951; RMSEA = 0.054 (h1nh 3.4). O:lc phu'ong sai cih. sai s6 nho hon 2.06.

s6 tu'ong quan giua cac thEtnh phan cua CILS va uy tin Hinh d(;lo dim trong khoang tU' 0.48 de'n 0.81 voi ta't ca gia tri (1-r)/SE > 2.0- bang 3.8- cho tha'y gia tri

phan cua cac thanh phan trong mo h1nh do luang. Bang 3.8 cling cho tha'y

m6i tu'ong quan ra't ch?t che giua ba ye'u t6: cha't d(;lo dll'c ca nhan, qua mlJ.c tieu va uy tin Hinh d<;lo ra't cao (voir trong khoang 0.73- 0.81, voi p<0.0001).

Bang 3.8: s6 tu'o'ng quan giua cac thimh ph§n trong mo hlnh do lu'O'ng 1

Sai· lt%ch

Ht% s6 tltong quan (correlations) Voc ht<;ing r CR c.hufin 1-r (1-r)/SE p

dU'c <--> Giao tie'p 0.487 5.355 '0.091 0.513 5.641

dao dU'c <--> Thao vat 0.491 5.193 0.095 0.509 5.383

dU'c <--> qua 0.732 7.957 0.092 0.268 2.913

giao tie'p <--> Thao vat 0.673 6.875 0.098 0.327 3.340

•,

giao tie'p <--> qua 0.505 7.26 0.070 0.495 7.116

thao vat <--> qua 0.549 7.393 0.074 0.451 6.073

dU'c <--> uy tfn 0.745 6.833 0.109 0.255 2.33.9

giao tie'p <--> uy tin 0.565 6.91 0.082 0.435 5.320

thao vat <--> uy tfn 0.607 6.944 0.087 0.393 4.496 qua <--> uy tin 0.813 13.777 0.059 0.187 3.169 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***

Kiim djnh nhiin ti{ khdng djnh (CPA) mo hinh do lztdng 2: Anh lutllng cua uy

tin liinh dt;w d{n mzcc thoa miin czia nhiin vien y thzl:c gdn ktt doz v8i to? chzl:c.

Cac bie"n quan sat trong thang do y thuc ke"t dcfi vdi t6 chuc khong c6 phan ph6i chuffn, vdi gia tri dO'i cua d9 nhQn > 1.5 va. gia tri dO'i cua d9

>2.0. Cac bie'"n quan sat trong tung ye'"u tO' thanh_ phfin du<;ic t6ng h<;ip d6

nun giam x2

va t?O pharr phO'i chuffn tO't hon. Nhu thay vl c6 ta't ca 17 bie"n

quan sat, nay chi con l?i 5 bie"n quan sat trong mo hlnh do luang mO'i quan

giua uy tin Hinh d?o, muc dQ thoa man cua nhan vien va y thuc ke'"t dO'i vdi

t6 chuc.

Phuong phap DPF du<;ic sll' d1:1ng d6 udc lu<;ing, ke"t ki6m dinh CFA cha'p du<;ic (hlnh 3.5) vdi:

2

X = 7.869; df=4; p=0.097; GFI= 0.984; CFI= 0.971; TLI=0.928; RMSEA = 0.059. Cac phuong sai cua sai sO' chuffn nho hon 1.385; MI =0.

sO' tuong quan giua cac thanh phfin cua uy tin lanh d?o, muc dQ thoa man vdi cong va siJ' ke"t dO'i vdi t6 chuc trong khoang tu 0.54 de"n

0.84 vdi ta't ca gia tri (1-r)/SE > 2.0, bang 3.9 cho tha'y gia tri phan cua cac

thanh phfin trong mo hlnh do luang.

Bang 3.9: sef tu'o'ng quan giii'a cac thimh phftn trong mo h'inh do Iuong 2

Sai

s6 tu'dncr quan Voc !Lt<;ing r CR chuifn SE 1-r (1-r)/SE _p_

ThO a

man <--> Uy tin 0.671 8.755 0.077 0.329 4.293 *** GU"n ke't <--> Uy tin 0.843 11.137 0.076 0.157 2.074 *** GU"n k€'t <--> Thoa man 0.542 7.442 0.073 0.458 6.289 ***

41

sreput

.5

SJS .67

hinh 3.5: kiem dinh mo hinh do Iuong 2 cmin=7.869 df=4 p=.097 cfi=.971 gfi=.984 tli=.928 rmsea=.059

3.2.2 dinh mo hlnh ly thuye't

a. Mo hznh anh lutllng ci'ta philm clu1t liinh d{lO dtn uy tin liinh d{lo c6 cac tham s6 phil h<;p vdi: X2 = 262.709; df= 142; p=O.OOO; GFI= 0.910; CFI= 0.958; TLI= 0.949; RMSEA = 0.055 (hlnh 3.6). Cac phu'ong sai cua sai s6 chuin nho hon 2.06. Mile d() giai thich cua uy tin lanh dqo cho cac ph§'m cha"t lanh dqo cao

'. R2 0 4

VOl = .7 .

b. Mo hinh anh hu(Jng cua uy tin lfinh d(;w de'n mac d9 thoa miin trong cong vi¢c VQ Sf! gdn kif d(J'i VOi tb ch((c

Danh gia anh hu'dng cua uy tin lanh dqo de'n mile d() thoa man trong cong va mile d() ke't cua nhan vien d6i vdi t6 chile du<;c thong qua· so sanh voi 3 mo hlnh Cqnh tranh. Trang mo hlnh ly thuye't dl)' kie'n, uy tin lanh dqo tae d()ng trl)'c tie'p len ca hai ye'u t6: mile d() thoa man trong cong va mile d() ke't d6i vdi t6 chile; d6ng thai mile d() thoa man trong cong cling se tae d()ng tn;t'e tie'p len mile d() ke't d6i ,vd! t6 chile. Nhu' uy tin lanh dqo c6 ca tac d()ng trl)'c tie'p tac d()ng gian tie'p de'n mile d() ke't d6i vdi t6 chile.

...

Hinh 3.6: Anh huang cua pham chat lanh dao den uy tin lanh dao 1::::-A\ ,c;:,. Cb 9J11in=262.709; p=.OOO

y_y t:d gfi=.908; df=142 .75 nfi=.913 ,---'---, tli=.949 rmsea=.055 .27 @ .73

Trong mo hlnh tranh s6 1, uy tin Uinh tat d9ng tn,tc tie'p len mile d9 thoa man trong cong va chi c6 tac d9ng gian tie'p len mile d9 ga:n ke't d6i voi t6 chile. Mile d9 thoa man trong cong nhu' "nhan t6 trung gian" (mediator) giua uy tin lanh va mile d9 ga:n ke't d6i voi t6 chile.

Trong mo hlnh tranh s6 2, uy tin lanh chi tac d9ng tn;rc tie'p len mile dQ ga:n ke't d6i voi t6 chile va c6 tac d9ng gian tie'p len mile d9 hai long chung. Mile d9 cam ke't t6 chile nhu' "nhan t6 trung gian" giua CILS va mile d9 hai long chung.

Trong mo hlnh tranh s6 3, uy tin lanh c6 tac d<)ng tntc tie'p ·len mile dQ