Co the chia cac cuec tan cong thanh hai logi 11: chit dgng va thu eking. • Tan cling thu dgng
Trong met cuec tan cling thu Ong, met node khong xfic thgc &am sat va mgc tieu lit tim kiem thiing tin ve mpg. Nhftng ke tan cling khong lam gi khac chi can lien kit yeti mgng. Do do, chimg kh6ng phi ver lien kit hay gay ra cac nguy hiem true tiep den mpg. Tuy nghen, chimg co the sir dgng
the thong tin lay duqc cho cac cups Mn cling nguy hiem ham trong Throng lai. Vi du ye tan cong thy dOng: nghe tram va pilaff tich lair luqng.
Tan cling nghe trom: con doge biet den la Mn cong cong khai, la
Ideu Mn cong the dOng dirge thtrc hien bai the node ben trong hoc ben ngoai. Ke Mn cong co the phin tich cac g6i tin quang bit de lay
met s6 thong tin hfru dung ye mang.
Phiin tich luu Wong: khong nhat thiet la mgt tan cling thy dOng
holn Man. NO holm total c6 the tham gia vlo cac giao thee, hoc tim each kich thich lien ket gifts cac node. Nheng ke tan cong co the sir dung cac ky thu3t nhu tim hating RF, phan tich tS, Itru lucmg, vi giam sat thai gian tucmg quan. Vi du: nha viec phan tich thbi gian, no co the biet dirge hai g6i vao va ra kh6i mot node chuyen tiep r8 rang 6 thai diem t vi t+$ IA nhu nhau den tir cling
met !wing gal Phan tich hm luqng trong mang Aloe ea the dat dirge:
✓ Citc node dang ton Mi va vi tri elm chimg. ✓ Topo cue mang.
✓ Vai tro dm cite node.
✓ Nguan vi dich cue cac lien ket hien Mi.
✓ Vi tri hien Mi cim the ea nhan hay cac chirc nang a; the.
• eat cling chit dOng
Day la cac cuk Mn cong gay ra bai thay dOi tr4ng thai khling xac [hire trong mang nhu DoS, chinh sea the goi tin, va tuong tir. Cite cuOc tan Gong nay thubng dirge thue hien bai ngtrai dung hoes cac node dirge xic dux de host dOng ben trong mang. Ching to co the phan loai Mn cong chit dOng thimh bOn thorn IA: drop, chinh sire, lam gia va Mn cong thiri gian. Mot cuOc tan ding co the dirge phan loci a nhieu Whom.
Ccic cuOc an cling Drop: the node dOe hai hay co lap drop tit ca the goi tin khong phai danh cho chimg. Trong khi cite node dOe hai
nhim den vies pha ve ket not mpg, cac node co lop nhim den
viec bio ten tai nguyen cita n6. CAC cuec tan cong Drop co the chan the ket not diu cuOi giera the node, neu node drop IA met diem quan tong. NO cong lam giarn hieu Ming mpg bang each liun cho the goi de lieu phai truyen lai, Mo ra cac clueing dinh tuyen mai de node dich khiing dirge tim thay, va Throng hr.
Phan Trung Nghia A08348 Th#t kh8ng may, phan len cac giao thfre dinh tuyen (DSR la mOt ngogi le) khong co ca the de phat hien lieu cac gOi de lieu co dugc chuyen tiep hay khong. Tuy nhien, chimg co the bi phat hien beri cac node ling gieng thong qua xitc nhOn thu dOng hoOc xac nh#n timg biree a lop lien ket de lieu.
Ke tan ding co the lira chgn de drop mOt so gOi tin nhim tranh bi phat hien; day dirge goi la kieu tan ding Drop cif) lira chip. Ben quill cac g6i de lieu hay cac goi tim duerng, ke tan ding co the drop the g6i th8ng bao Ion tuyen, lam cho node nguiin khong biet dugc cac lien ket bi hong (do do gay tra nggi trong qua trinh tim
cac tuyen thay the den dich).
Cie nick tiro cong sfra ddi: eke ke Mn cong ben trong chink sou
g6i tin de pha vi mpg. Vi trong Mn cong ho silt (sinkhole), ke tan ding et) ging de thu hilt din nhu tat ca Itru lugng tir mOt khu vire cg the thong qua mOt node th6a hiep (compromised) bang each lam cho node them hiep thu but the node khfic. N6 dk biet hieu qua trong cac giao thirc sir dung thong tin wing cao nhu ning lugng con lai vi node din nhat den dich trong qua trinh tim &rang. Tin cong hti den (blackhole) cling trong to nhu h6 sut thu but liru lugng qua chinh no vii sir dung n6 cho the cueic MI' I cong ve sau. Mgc dich la de ch#n cac goi tin chuyen tiep den dich. Neu hi') den
Ia mOt node ao ho#c mOt node a ben ngoai mpg, no rat khO de phat hien.
Clew cueic tan cling Mm kieu tart cong nay ke tan cong gia mgo cite goi tin trong mpg. Tim cong lam gift duqc phan logi thinh mgo tich cue", ke Mn cling gin cac tin Whin gii mgo ma khong nhon dirge tin nhin nio lien quan. Va "phin han gia mgo",
ke tan cong dri cac tin phin hen tuyen gia mgo trong qua trinh
phan hai den cac tin you clu tuyen hqp phap lien quan.
Trong tan cling phin hOi gia mgo, ke tan cong gia mgo mOt tin RREP sau d6 nhjn milt tin RREQ. Tin phin hoi chira thong tin dinh tuyen gia, chi ra mOt tuyen mei cho node den node dich nal AODV de chcin cac tuyen thyme sir den dich. N6 gay ra pha vdr tuyen bing each lam cho cac tin dirge gfri den mOt node !thong din mi hoc d#t chinh ke tan ding vim ben trong tuyen gala hai diem dAu cuOi dui mOt kenh lien ket neu ke tan cong ben trong dA co sin mOt tuyen den dich.
Met vi du ye tan cong phitn hoi gia mao. Tuyen tin nhat (v6i buerc nhay nh6 nhAt) to node S den node D la S-I1-12-D.
Hinh 2.8: Mot cuoc tan cong lam gin RREP
Node d'oc hai M gia mart met tin RREP den node nguion S thong qua node II. Tin nhin thong bito den tir node dich D vent so thu ttr dich cao hem de chart tuyen clang din tai. Ket qua la tin nhin gia cap that
met tuyen den tuyen dich trong the bang djnh tuyen caa node S va Il. Node II chuyen tiep cac g6i df lieu den node doe hai thay vi den node 12 dr node M duemg nhu c6 met tuyen meri den node D, vi the tuyen mei dtrqc hinh thanh S-II-M-I2-D.
Ka tan cong co the bit dau the g6i tin thubng xuyen de gay ra cac euee tin cong DoS. Vi du: the et* tan cong DoS lqi dung cac dac diem elm mpg MANET lit: cac tan cong SDT (Sleep Deprivation Torture), tan cling trim bang dinh tuyen, tan cling tran ngap (flooding) adhoc, tan cong dim dap (rushing), va tuang ty. Tan cong SDT tieu thu nang Krung pin elm met node lam cho node do khong hoot dung. NO lam dtrue vay bit% each lien Ate tao ra cac you eau dich vu tit no hoc node khac. TAn cong tran ngap adhoc la met kieu tin cong DoS khitc chOng lai the giao that djnh tuyen theo you au (On-demand), a kieu nay the node girl cac tin RREQ khi Chung can met tuyen. Ke tin Ong lqi clung die diem nay cua kham pha tuyen bing each quitng ba cac tin RREQ den met node khong a trong mang. MOt kieu tan ding lathe a pha Icham pha tuyen la tan cong tran bang djnh tuyen. 6 kieu nay, ke tan cong giri rat nhiau cac tin
Phan Trung NghTa A08348 quang cao tuyen cho cite node khong ton tgi. Tir khi cac giao thirc
djnh tuyen chit d6ng cop nhot thong tin djnh tuyen Binh ky tnthc khi no can, ket qua la n6 him trap cac bang djnh tuyen caa cac node nkm nhan va chk viec tgo the tuyen mai, kieu tin cong nay hieu qua han