MAC** MACcM7 MAC-IS MAC- lb
161 1CM RS3 1154
Hinh 4.13: Tinh san sang cao #6
Co ba each a sir clung cac thiet ke the hien trong hinh 4.13. Phuomg phap tiep can eau tien la sir dung DSR, chimg ta co the thoai mai ring bubc bat Icj , dja chi VIP nao den bat kS, cac may chit. Tat ca ding viec chimg ta can lam la diun bao can bang tai trog giEra cac bo can bang tai bang cach phan phoi cac dia chi VIP. Chimg ta can thiet lap default gateway den dirt chi IP VRRP tren mai b0 dinh tuyen ben vi lint Itrqng etra Rd 'thong phai thong qua bo can bang tai khi sir dung DSR.. Dieu (Juan trqngtrong thiet ke nay la 1St ' can bang tai sir dung dubng lien ket th6ng qua the thiet bi chuyen mach I6p 2/3 de lciem tra sire Ichee cita nhau. Vi dv, neu b0 chuyen mach 16p 2/3 gap phai sv co, by can bang tai 2 se phat hien va ngay tirc tiep quan tat ca cac dja chi VIP tir bo can, bang tai 1. Neu cac bo can bang tai dugc ket noi tiep th8ng qua I ket private de kiem tra sire kh6e, chimg se khOng the phat hien neubb chuyen mach 16p 2/3 gap phai sv c8.
Thiet ke nay kheo leo khi sir dung cac dja chi IP private cho cac may chit chi tin. Neu chin% ta sir d‘mg bo chuyen mach 16/3 ,2 de ket tbi the may chit, thi sau d6 cac ,b0 djnh tuyen phai duqc can hinh de djnh tuyen den the dja chi IP private. Ching ta ce the sir dung thay the bo chuyen mach 16p 3 bang b0 chuyen mach 16p 2 de cung cap kha nang dinh tuyen tir bo djnh tuyen dEn cac may chit v6i dia chi IP private.
Cach tiep can thin hai, chin ta c6 the rang bubc mai dja chi VIP den mot min so may chit, va thiet lap default gateway den cac bo can bang tai ttrcmg ling. Neu chin% ta gan VIP1 den RS1 va RS2, default gateway cho RS1 va RS2 phai phat duqc thiet lap den IP1 de dam bao luting hit Wong tra 1Cri thong qua 1.30 can bang tai 1. Neu bb can bang tai , 1 gap phai sir co, b0 can bang tai 2 se phvc vv hai dia chi VIP va cling c6 the to cap kha nAng chuyen clOi dlr phong co trang thai trong khi sir dung tat ca cac may chit de can bang tai. Trong cach can hinh nay, lien keit gifa b0 can bang tai vi bo chuyen mach 16p 2 phai bane thong thich hqp bed vi cac xeu cau bang th6ng duqc tanglen. Cacyeu cau di fir b0 chuyen mach lop 2 den bo can bang tai vi tr6 ra tir bo can bang tai den bb chuyen
Sundt, Unit YIP-111 141.65.10 MAC-MI Gateway — 10.10101 YIP-141.149.65 10 MAC grin Balancer 1 toad Caws) W-10 10 10 1
Chuang 4: Thiet ke mang vtri NI can bang tai DO Van Thinh — A13439 mach Itrp 2 den cac may cha ‘thvc. Cac luting tra 16i se quay trtr 10 b0 can bing tai sau do den 130 chuyen mach vi roi den Ix) djnh tuyen trtrac ,khi tai may khach. goi tin yOu cau va tra lm se phai vuqt qua hai Ian thong qua lien kat gifra chuyen mach lop 2 va can bang tai. Chung ta dang. giai quyet van de nay bang cach sir Ong mot nhem trunk giaa can bang tai vi b0 chuyen mach bang each sir dung cac lien ket toe dO cao ham (gigabit).
Ckh tie)) can thir ba, chung ta co the sir Ong NAT nguOn va ring bur)c bat ky dia chi VIP nao den bat kY may chit thvc Nth &Km tinh than linh host day di". Tat ca cac gei tin you cau va tra 16i se di qua hai Ian b0 can bang tai vi bo chuyen mach lop 2.
Nhin chung ckh hieu qua nhAt la sir dvng ,DSR trong thiet Ice nay txii vi no cung cap thong luting cao cling nhu luting tau luring toi uu khi six Ong lien kat.
Trong cac thiet ke da duqc chung ta de cap din, cluing ta mai chi sir Ong mot card mang trong moi may chi" ket not den N can bing tai hoac b0 chuyen mach 16p 2. Khi chimg ta ket non may chit den 1)0 can bing tai, chting ta se mat cac may ,chil neu b0 can bing tai gip phai sv co. Do d6. Chung ta sir dung b0 chuyen mach lop 2 de ket not den cac may chit va glop cho cac may chit co the duqc truy cap tir cac b0 can bing tai. Neu 1)0 chuyen mach lap 2 gip phai van de, chung ta cling se mat guy& truy cap den cac may chief. Hinh 4.14 the hien mot thiet ke yeti hai card mang trong moi may chit , de duy tri quyen truy cap den cac may chit neu co *it hi) can bing tai gap phai sv co ; Dieu nay cling bao vg guy& truy cap den may chit' va tinh salt sing cao mia may chit nett lien ket den may chit hoac mot card mang nao d6 tren may chit gap sv c6.
latter In - 141.141.41S3
YrtllY Irte141.1410 GSA
141.14365 1 141.1065
MAC-MI MAC at /A2
g1 if III
talcum se. 10.1010.36 1010.10.40
SAC-MS MAC-Mi MAC-M1 MAC =Mg
RS► RS2 RS3 RS4
Chuong 4: Thiet lee mang voi bi can bang tii DO Van Thinh — A13439 Sir hai card mang trong met may chi can dam bio firth chinh xac khi nang hoot deng doing thii dm card mang. Dieu nay pho thuec vao tirng loai sin pham va he' dieu hanh duqc sir (long trong moi may chit Met so loci card mang co hai cling vi ca hai Gong cling hoat deng ding thtri hoOc hoOc met cling hoot deng nhu la met ban sao luu cho met ding khac. MOt so nha cimg cap card mong co the lu!) trq kha nang nhom hai card mang ding nhau nhu met cep hoat deng h the de active-standby hoOc active-active.
Trong thiet ke duqc the hien trong hinh 4.14, m81 may chi co hai card mpg. cac interface nay co the ding nand tren met card mang hoc hai card mang khac nhau. Tuy nhien, ca hai interface duqc nh6m Iii vao met clip hoot dOng h che de active-standby, card hoat deng duqc ket not den be can bang tii hoot deng vi card do phing duoc ket not den be can bang tii du phong. Khi bk can bang tai hoot deng gip phai so co, be can bang tai do phong se tiep quan. V(i): neu be can bang di do phing tiep quail lieu rang cac card do phing se hoat dOng? Neu no ;thong hoot deng, be can bang tai do phing se !dieing co duong mang truy cap den cac may chi]. Dieu kien de cho interface do phong tiep quan ail pho thuec vao nhi cung cap card mang, cac trinh dieu khien phan mem cho card mang, vi he, dieu hanh dm may chit Dieu quan tong can luu Y rang be can bang tai hoat dOng c6 tile gip phai so c8 bang nhieu cach Ichic nhau. Met truing hqp de ding la khi be can bang tai hoat dOng co the bi mat dien, card mpg che de hoot Ong c6 the de ding phit hien th8ng qua trang thai, kit vi doll card mang do phing. Mot truerng ,hqp kW) khan hon la khi be can bang tai hoat Ong bi treo do 18i phan cimg hoat phan me trong trinh dieur khien hoOc quan ly. Trong truing hqp nay se khong co luu luring truy ?Op tren cac ket not hoot deng den may chi, nhung do tong thai lien ket ‘van kh8ng co van de $t c8ng phan cimg tren be can bang tai van On djnh. Be can bang tai do ph6ng se tiep quin nhiem vi can bang tai b?ri vi no khong they tin hieu dip tir qui birth kiem , tra tinh trang sirc khie den tir be can bang hoot dOng. Neu interface do phing kh8ng clang thai tiep quin, be can bang tai do phong se khong ci each nao truy cop den cac may chit Met van de khac trong thiet ice nay li neu card mons 6 the de hoot deng hoc lien ket den card mango the de hoat Ong co the Op phiti so co tren met hoc nhieu may chi gay ra card mang dµ phong se tiep quan nhiem vv. Be can bang tai hoot deng se tiep tic chat nang nhung se kheng co truy cOp nio den cac may chi neu be can bang tai do phing khong chuyen tiep hni luqng thong thtrang. Nhin chung, thiet . ke nay de bi 18i vi nen tranh sir (long trir khi dam bio duqc cac dieu kien xung quanh de giai quyet duqc cac van de xay ra.
Trong thiet ice duqc the hien trong hinh 4.15, cac interface hoot deng tir cac may chi duqc phan chia gifta hai be can bang tii. Chang ta can tau hinh cac be can bang tai trong the de active-active vi rang buec djac chi VIP1 den RS1 vi RS2, vi dja chi VIP2 den RS3 vi RS4. Thiet lOp dia chi default gateway cho RS1 vi RS2 den IP1, va cho RS3 vi RS4 den IP2. Khi ca hai be can bang tii ding lam viec, chiing ta se co the s* ding tat ci cac be can bang CIi vi may chit Neu b9 can bang tai 1 gip phai so co, dja chi VIP I vi dja IP1 se duqc tiep quin boi be can bang tai 2. Nhtmg quan trong can dam bio rang interface card mang hoot Ong duqc ket n6i din be can bang tai dang hoot Ong (be can bang tai tiep
rel • 141 141.61/0 Antre Yin- Ill 141 6311 Sardby Gen, IP1 II 10 III
1114 • 141.111.46 111Sungby
Vitt -141 ISIS n Mime Camta, 1P2 1010102
Chuang 4: Thiet ke mpg yeti be• can bang tin DO Van 'Minh — A13439 quan tir be can bang tai g#p phai sv c0) a cling met then diem de cung cap ket not den bp can bang tai 2. Nhu da de cap trong thiet ke hinh 4.14, nhung met cat tien trong thiet ke
nay IA neu , met trong cac interface card mpg hoat don? gap phai sr co, interface dv phong se tiep quan de cung cap ket not thong qua be can bang tai khac. Neu interface card mang hoat dOng a may chit RS 1 gap phiti van de, b0 can bang tai van se truy cap den RS 1 thong qua be can bang tai 2 beri vi khi chimg ta sir dvng che de active-active, be can bang tai 2 cling se chuyen tiep luu lugng. Khi cluing ta thiet lap default gateway cho RSI den IP I, luu lung tra leri may chit van se thong qua be can bang tai 1. Neu default gateway dugc thiet lap de djnh tuyen thay vi IP nguem cita be can bang tai, cluing ta se co met luring tra 16i bit doi ximg.
War in ..141.14.163 %UP 1P2 .041 143664
141 1066 1 141 10
MAC•141 MAC 012
1010 1010 1111111211 1•14111120 141101140 MAC-116 MAC a In MAC-10 MAC