C. NHẤN MẠNH BẰNG CÁCH ĐẢO NGỮC. NHẤN MẠNH BẰNG CÁCH ĐẢO NGỮ C. NHẤN MẠNH BẰNG CÁCH ĐẢO NGỮ
C. NHẤN MẠNH BẰNG CÁCH ĐẢO NGỮ. (Inversion of subject and verb) Hình thức đảo ngữ thường được dùng để nhấn mạnh khi :
1/ Đưa trạng từ phủ định (neg 1/ Đưa trạng từ phủ định (neg1/ Đưa trạng từ phủ định (neg
1/ Đưa trạng từ phủ định (negative adverbs) hay cụm từ tương đươngative adverbs) hay cụm từ tương đươngative adverbs) hay cụm từ tương đươngative adverbs) hay cụm từ tương đương (equivalents) equivalents) equivalents) equivalents) ra đầu câu.
ra đầu câu. ra đầu câu.
ra đầu câu. Thường là những từ như : hardly, scarcely, no longer, never, neverhardly, scarcely, no longer, never, neverhardly, scarcely, no longer, never, never before, hardly, scarcely, no longer, never, neverbefore, before, before, seldom, rarely, nowhere, in no circumstances, on no account, not until,
seldom, rarely, nowhere, in no circumstances, on no account, not until, seldom, rarely, nowhere, in no circumstances, on no account, not until,
seldom, rarely, nowhere, in no circumstances, on no account, not until, not only… but not only… but not only… but not only… but also, no sooner… than…
also, no sooner… than… also, no sooner… than… also, no sooner… than…....
- Never have I seen such a wonderful thing. - Seldom does she help her friends.
- Nowhere else can he find so many happy people. - Rarely did he smile at me.
2/ Đưa ONLY, SO, MANY A TIME, SUCH… ra đầu câu.2/ Đưa ONLY, SO, MANY A TIME, SUCH… ra đầu câu.2/ Đưa ONLY, SO, MANY A TIME, SUCH… ra đầu câu.2/ Đưa ONLY, SO, MANY A TIME, SUCH… ra đầu câu. - Only then did she realize her mistakes.
- So big was the liner that it couldn’t enter the harbour. 3/ Xóa liên từ IF trong câu điều kiện.
3/ Xóa liên từ IF trong câu điều kiện.3/ Xóa liên từ IF trong câu điều kiện. 3/ Xóa liên từ IF trong câu điều kiện.
- Had I met you before, we could have been friends. - Were I rich, I would travel around the world.
- Did I know him better, I would give him some advice.
4/ Đưa trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn (adverb of place) ra đầu câu kết hợp với các động 4/ Đưa trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn (adverb of place) ra đầu câu kết hợp với các động4/ Đưa trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn (adverb of place) ra đầu câu kết hợp với các động 4/ Đưa trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn (adverb of place) ra đầu câu kết hợp với các động từ từ từ từ chỉ sự chuyển động như : lie, stay, stand, sit, come, move, go…
chỉ sự chuyển động như : lie, stay, stand, sit, come, move, go… chỉ sự chuyển động như : lie, stay, stand, sit, come, move, go…
chỉ sự chuyển động như : lie, stay, stand, sit, come, move, go… (Trong trường hợp này khi đảo ngữ ta không dùng các trợ động từ.)
- On the top of the hill stands a village school. - By his side sat his faithful dog.
- Near the church lies an old ruined cottage. - There comes the train.
EXERCISE I EXERCISE I EXERCISE I
EXERCISE I : : : : Emphasize the underlined verbs :Emphasize the underlined verbs : Emphasize the underlined verbs :Emphasize the underlined verbs :
1/ Everyone says I work hard; I work hard.
- ________________________________________________ 2/ He promised to write to me, and he sent me a letter. - ________________________________________________ 3/ Tom doesn’t like getting up early.
- ________________________________________________ 4/ Ask me if you want anything.
- ________________________________________________ 5/ We don’t like English grammar, but we want to learn English. 5/ We don’t like English grammar, but we want to learn English. - ________________________________________________ 6/ Bring John with you the next time you come.
- ________________________________________________ 7/ I saw a tall man, but I didn’t see his face. 7/ I saw a tall man, but I didn’t see his face.
- ________________________________________________ 8/ He tries to learn although you think he doesn’t. 8/ He tries to learn although you think he doesn’t.
9/ Don’t do that again or I’ll call the police.
- ________________________________________________ 10/ He didn’t say much, but what he said was important. 10/ He didn’t say much, but what he said was important. - ________________________________________________ EXERCISE II :
EXERCISE II :EXERCISE II : EXERCISE II :
EXERCISE II : Give emphasis to the underlined words, phrsaes or clauses :Give emphasis to the underlined words, phrsaes or clauses :Give emphasis to the underlined words, phrsaes or clauses :Give emphasis to the underlined words, phrsaes or clauses :
1/ I paid a visit to Ha Long Bay in 1966.
- ________________________________________________
2/ The Socialist Republic of Vietnam came into being on July 2, 1976. - ________________________________________________ - ________________________________________________
3/ Mr. Green went to work in spite of his bad cold.
- ________________________________________________ 4/ When I left for work this morning, it was raining hard. 4/ When I left for work this morning, it was raining hard. - ________________________________________________ 5/ I want to see the manager; I don’t want to see his assistant. - ________________________________________________ 6/ The flight was put off because the weather was too bad. - ________________________________________________ 7/ I met Mary at the party last night.
- ________________________________________________ 8/ The words do not matter so much as the way you say them. 8/ The words do not matter so much as the way you say them. - ________________________________________________ 9/ They couldn’t solve this serious problem.
- ________________________________________________ 10/ Did you start the flight or was it someone else ? 10/ Did you start the flight or was it someone else ?
- ________________________________________________ EXERCISE III : EXERCISE III :
EXERCISE III :EXERCISE III : EXERCISE III :
EXERCISE III : Put the underlined words or phrases at the front position :Put the underlined words or phrases at the front position : Put the underlined words or phrases at the front position :Put the underlined words or phrases at the front position :
1/ He has never in his life been so happy.
- ________________________________________________ 2/ He managed to pass the examination only by hard work. 2/ He managed to pass the examination only by hard work. - ________________________________________________ 3/ I had hardly got into the bathroom when the telephone rang.
- ________________________________________________ 4/ The ball went over the fence and into our neighbour’s garden. 4/ The ball went over the fence and into our neighbour’s garden. - ________________________________________________
5/ The doctor was so angry that none of the nurses dared to say a word. - ________________________________________________ - ________________________________________________
6/ I can’t explain the situation in another way.
- ________________________________________________ 7/ He had no sooner arrived than he began to make trouble. 7/ He had no sooner arrived than he began to make trouble. - ________________________________________________ 8/ We have made real progress only within the last fifty years. - ________________________________________________
9/ If the union were to call a strike, the situation would become very difficult. - ________________________________________________ - ________________________________________________
10/ This instrument is not only expensive but also useless. - ________________________________________________ - ________________________________________________ EXERCISE IV :
EXERCISE IV :EXERCISE IV : EXERCISE IV :
EXERCISE IV : Rewrite the follRewrite the follRewrite the follRewrite the following sentences :owing sentences :owing sentences :owing sentences :
1/ We have never seen such a clean and tidy house before.
Never before __________________________________________ 2/ Rarely does she come to see me now.
She _________________________________________________ 3/ He didn’t realize he had lost his wallet until he got home.
Not until ____________________________________________ 4/ My father no longer works for this company.
No longer ____________________________________________
5/ So suspicious did he become that he didn’t believe whatever she had said.
He __________________________________________________ 6/ Not only did he refuse to help me but he also made fun of me.
He __________________________________________________ 7/ This switch mustn’t be touched on any account.
On no account __________________________________________ 8/ They know little about it.
Little _________________________________________________ 9/ A great castle stood directly in front of them.
- In front of them __________________________________________ 10/ Were I in your place, I would refuse his invitation.
If ____________________________________________________ 11/ We met him just a moment ago.
It was just ______________________________________________ 12/ Many a time did he tell her that he loved her.
He ____________________________________________________ 13/ An enormous frog sat on the grass.
On ____________________________________________________ 14/ Please turn down the radio.
Do ____________________________________________________ 15/ She wanted to buy a blue hat.
She did ________________________________________________
Bài 8 : Bài 8 :Bài 8 :
Bài 8 : MỆNH ĐỀ SAU WISHMỆNH ĐỀ SAU WISHMỆNH ĐỀ SAU WISHMỆNH ĐỀ SAU WISH CLAUSES AFTER WISH CLAUSES AFTER WISH CLAUSES AFTER WISH CLAUSES AFTER WISH
Động từ WISH thường được dùng để diễn tả lời ao ước không thể nào xảy ra được ở quá khứ, hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
A. Present wish :A. Present wish : A. Present wish : A. Present wish :
A. Present wish : S1 + wish + (that) + S2 + past simpleS1 + wish + (that) + S2 + past simpleS1 + wish + (that) + S2 + past simpleS1 + wish + (that) + S2 + past simple * ý nghĩa : * ý nghĩa :
* ý nghĩa :* ý nghĩa :
* ý nghĩa : Diễn tả lời ao ước trái với hiện tại.
- I wish that I had enough time to finish my homework.
(= I don’t have enough time)