Question 80: Which of the following best describes the organization of this passage?
III. Choose the underlined word or phrase in each of the sentences that needs correcting
36. The main divisions of geologic time, called eras, are subdivided in periods.
A B C D
37. One of the greatest of mountains climbers, Carl Blaurock was the first to climb all of the mountains
A B C higher than14,000 feet in the United States.
D
38. The modern American dictionary is typically a single compact volume publishing at a modest rate.
A B C D
39. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American stateman, author, and scientist, born in 1709 and
lived A B C
to the age of eighty.
D
40. She wishes we didin’t send her the candy yesterday because she’s on a diet.
A B C D IV. Read the passage and choose A, B, C, D for each of the following blanks
HOW WE READ
Why did you decide to read this, and will you keep reading to the end? Do you expect to understand every single part of it and will you remember anything about it in a fortnights’
(41)__________? Common sense (42) __________that the answers to these questions depend 267
on “readability” – whether the (43) ________ matter is interesting, the arguments clear and the layout attractive. But psychologists are discovering that to (44) __________ why people read – and often don’t read – technical information, they have to examine not so much the writing as the reader.
Even the most technically confident people often ignore instructions for the video or home computer in favour of hands-on experience. And people frequently (45) __________
little notice of consumer information, whether on nutritional labels or in the small print of contracts. Psychologists researching reading (46) ________ to assume that both beginners and (47) ________ readers read everything put in front of them from start to finish. There are (48) __________ among them about the role of eyes, memory and brain during the process. Some believe that fluent readers take (49) __________ every letter or word they see; others (50) __________ that readers rely on memory or context to carry them from one phrase to another.
But they have always assumed that the reading process is the same: reading starts, comprehension occurs then reading stops.
41. A. term B. period C. time D. gap
42. A. suggests B. transmits C. advises D. informs
43. A. subject B. topic C. content D. text
44. A. ensure B. determine C. value D. rate
45. A. get B. pay C. take D. make
46. A. tend B. undertake C. lead D. consent
47. A. competent B. sufficient C. considerable D. valid
48 A. objections B. arguments C. contests D. separations
49. A. up B. over C. out D. in
50. A. insist B. direct C. urge D. press
IV. Read The following passage and choose the best answer:
The influenza virus is a single molecule composed of millions of individual atoms.
Although bacteria can be considered a type of plant, secreting poisonous substances into the body of the organism they attack, viruses, like the influenza virus, are living organisms themselves. We may consider them regular chemical molecules since they have strictly defined atomic structure; but on the other hand, we must consider them as being alive since they are able to multiply in unlimited quantities.
An attack brought on by the presence of the influenza virus in the body produces a temporary immunity, but, unfortunately, the protection is against only the type of virus that caused the influenza. Because the disease can be produced by any one of three types, referred to as A, B, or C, and many strains within each type, immunity to one virus will not prevent infection by another type or strain.
Approximately every ten years, worldwide epidemics of influenza called pandemics occur. Thought to be caused by new strains of type-A virus, these pandemic viruses have spread rapidly, inflecting millions of people. Epidemics or regional outbreaks have appeared
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on the average every two or three years or type-A virus, and every four or five years for type- B virus.
51.With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?
A. the influenza virus B. immunity to disease C. bacteria D.chemical molecules
52.According to this passage, bacteria are
A. poisons B. very small C. larger than viruses D. plants 53.The word “themselves” refers to
A. molecules B. bacteria C. substances D. viruses
54.The word “strictly” could best be replaced by
A. unusually B. completely C. broadly D. exactly
55.Why does the writer say that viruses are alive?
A. they have a complex atomic struture C. they multiply
B. they move D. they need warmth and light
56.The atomic structure of viruses
A. is variable C. cannot e analyzed chemically
B. is strictly defined D. is more complex than that of bacteria.
57.The word “unlimited” could be best replaced by which of the following?
A. very small B. very large C. very similar D.very different 58.How does the body react to the influenza virus?
E. It prevents further infection to other types and strains of the virus.
F. It produces immunity to the type and strain of virus that invaded it.
G. It becomes immune to types A, B, and C viruses, but not to various strains within the types.
H. After a temporary immunity, it becomes even more susceptible to the type and strain that caused the influenza.
59.The author names all of the following as characteristics of pandemics except I. they spread very quickly. C. they are regional outbreaks.
J. they are caused by type-A virus. D. they occur once every ten years.
60..The word “strains” is closest in meaning to
A. theories B. injuries C. varieties D. weakness
TEXT 2.
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The three phases of human memory are the sensory memory , the short-term memory, and the long term memory. This division of the memory into phase is based on the length of time of the memory.
Sensory memory is instantaneous memory. It is an image or memory that enters your mind only for a short period of time; it comes and goes in under a second. The memory will not last longer than that unless the information enters the short-term memory.
Information can be held in the short-term memory for about twenty seconds or as long as you are actively using it.If you repeat a fact to yourself, that fact will stay in your short-term memory as long as you keep repeating it.Once you stop repeating it, etheir it is forgotten or it moves into long-term memory.
Long-term memory is the huge memory tank that can hold idies and images for years and years. Information can be added to your long-term memory when you actively try to put it there through memorization or when an idea or image enter your mind on its own.
61. The best title for this passage would be... . A. The difference beween sensory and short-term memory.
B. How long it takes to memmorize C. The stages of human memory,.
D. Human phases
62. The three phases of memory discussed in this passage are differentiated according to...
A. the location in the brain. B. the period of time it takes to remember something
C. how the senses are involved in the memory D. how long the memory lasts.
63. The expression “is based on” in line 2 could be best be replaced by...
A. is on the top of B. is at the foot of C. depend on D. is below 64. According to the passage, which type of memory is the shortest?
A. Sensory memory B. Active memory C. Short-term memory D. Long term- memory76. 65. According to the passage, when will information stay in your short-term memory?
A. For as long as twenty minutes. B. As long as it is being used
C. After you have repeated it many times. D. When it has moved into long-term memory.
66. The word “keep” in line 9 could be best replaced by ...
A. hold B. continue C. retain D. save
67. The word “once” in line 9 could be best replace by...
A. Just after B. Although C. Just before D. because
68. All of the following are true about long-term memory EXCEPT that ...
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A. it has a very large capacity B. it can hold information
C. It is possible to put information into it through memorization.
D. memorization is the only way that information can get there.
69. The expression “on it own” in line 13 could be best repalaced by...
A. by itsself B. in it own time C. with its possessions D. in only one way 70. It can be inferred from the paassage that, if a person remebers a piece of information for two days, this is probably in
A. three phases of memory B. the sensory memory C. the short-term memory D. the long-term memory