Phan III Cac phuonq phap nghien cuu co ban
3.2 Cac phuonq phap tu duy khoa hoc
• PhL(dng phap tu duy quy n9P c6 cac bL(oc sau:
{> Quan sat the gi<Yi thuc
{>Tim kiern mot mau hlnh de quan sat
-<¢> Tong quat h6a ve nhCl'ngvan de dang xay ra
Vonq tron nqhien CLPU va 2 each tiep can cua tu duy
Cau hoi nghien
cuu
3.3 Nghien cLPudjnh 1U'Q'ng& NC djnh tinh 3.3.1 Nghien cLPudjnh 1U'Q'ng
~ La IOQi hlnh NC rna ta muon uoc 1U'Q'ng h6a Sl)' bien thien cua doi tU'Q'ng nghien CLPu. Thong ke la cong cu
duoc LPng dunq cho viec 1U'Q'ng h6a cac thong tin cua nqhien CLPUdjnh 1U'Q'ng..
~ Cac PPNC8L bao gam quy trlnh thu thap dO'lieu, phan tich dO' lieu, giai thich, va viet ra cac ket qua cua mot cong trlnh nqhien CLPu.
~ PPNC8L phu hop cho cac nghien CLPUkhoa hoc X8 hQi nharn xac dinh nhan to anh hU'ang? Tac dQng cua su
can thiep cua chfnh sach nao d6? Hay phan tich
Dac diem cua NC£lL.
<> Co gang do lU'ang chinh xac su' vat hien tU'Q'ng
<¢> Trong NC kinh doanh, kinh te: £)0 lU'ang hanh vi, kien thuc, '1
kien, thai do cua con ngU'ai n6i chung hay khach hang n6i rieng
<¢> Tra lai cau hoi lien quan den bao nhieu? ThU'ang xuyen nhu
the nao? Va ai?
<> Chu yeu SLP dunq phuonq phap dieu tra
<¢> ThU'ang ap dl)ng kiem dinh 1'1thuyet
<¢> Dei hoi nha nqhien CLPU duy tri mot khoanq each voi doi tU'Q'ng
quan sat de tranh thien I~ch ket qua
<> Thong tin thu thap bao gam cac tra lai cua ngU'ai duoc dieu tra rna chung duoc rna h6a, phan loai, so h6a de c6 the thuc hien cac phan tich thong ke.
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3.3.2 Nghien cLPu djnh tinh
<> Berg (2009) cho rang nqhien CLrU dinh tinh hU'ang
den y nghTa kha: niern, dlnh nghTa, d$c diem, tinh an du, bieu tuonq, va su rno ta cac doi tuonq
nqhien cuu.
<> Cooper va Schindler (2006) nqhien CLrU dlnh tinh
nharn VaG viec cho ta biet nhu the nao (qua trinh
va rna
3.3.2 Nghien cLPu dlnh tinh
V&i ban chat nhu v$y, nqhien cuu dinh tinh bao gam mot chuoi cac ky thuat dien giai nharn mo ta, giai rna, tim hi§u y nghTa bieu tuonq, va su rno ta cac doi
tuonq nqhien cuu.
Nqhien cuu dinh tinh thU'ang duoc ap dl)ng trong cac ITnh Vl)'C nhan chunq hoc, X8 hoi hoc, tam Iy hoc,
nqon ng(} hoc, truyen thong, kinh te hoc
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ese• diem cua NeaT
~ Phat trien Sl)' hieu biet thong qua rno ta - thU'ong thien v~ xay dunq Iy thuyet hon la kiem djnh Iy
,
thuyet
<> Dlf lieu thU'ong (y danq van ban
{- MD ta chi tiet cac Sl,J' ki~n, tlnh huang, tuonq tac hoac Ia b~ng loi n6i hay hlnh anh C8U thanh dlf lieu.
<> Mot so khac bi~t giua NCDL & NCDT
MDta bang IOinoi, hinh anh
LQc dir li~u bang cDng CL:J
ma hoa IOi noi (dDi khi co
tro qlup cua may tfnh) Kieu dCf Ii~u va
chuan bi
DUQ'c quvet dinh truce khi bat dau NC
Khong chuan bi'trl/oc de.Jranh tHien I~chcua nguai tham du
MDta IOinoi
LUQ'ng hoa dCf li~u bang each ma hoa de phan tfch thong ke bang may tfnh
{> Mot so khac bi~t giiJa NCDL & NCDT
Thau hieu la chuan rrnrc, ducc quvet dinh boi leal va so hlQ'ng cac cau hoi tra loi va y tu' do
Tham gia cua cac nha NC Thau hieu
nghTa
B! han che VI kh6ng c6 khao sat tha m do va chat ILtQ'ng cua c6ng cu thu thap dCfli~u
SLt thau hieu di theo sau thu th~p dii' Ii~u va nhap dCfIi~u, It
<> Mot so khac biet giua NCDL & NCDT
Thong tin phan hoi
Co mau nho cho phep thu thap du li~u nhanh hen
Sl/ thau hieu cho phep rut ngan qua trinh phan tich dii'
lieu
Co mau Ion keo dai thai gian thu thap
Sl/ thau hieu chi phat trien sau qua trinh thu thap va nh~p du
lleu, thai gian nqhien cuu dai
Nguon: Cooper va Schindler (2006)
3.3.3 Nghien cuu phoi hop
<} Su dunq ca PPNCDL va PPNCDT
<} Su dunq pho bien trong nqhien ctru KHXH
3.3.3 Nghien CLPU phoi hop
<> Trong nqhien cuu ta muon dua tren mot quan sat
vai cO' mau du Ian de ket qua c6 rmrc tin c~y can thiet, Ta eOng thU'ang mong muon dung s6 lieu, thong tin cua rnau de uoc doan s6 lieu, thong tin cua tong the nqhien cuu, Trong truonq hop nay, can sLP dl)ng cac phan tich djnh 1U'Q'ng.
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3.3.3 Nghien cu'u phoi hop
Trong nqhien cuu; n~u muon hieu ro them ban chat cua su vat, hlen tuonq hoac rno ta qua trinh
hinh thanh, phat trien cua su vat, hien tU'Q'ng
nqhien cuu. Hoac khi can hieu biet mot khal niem hay hien tuonq rna chua nqhien ciru nao thuc
hlen kiem chung khai niern hay hien tuonq d6, thi