Suggestions for further studies

Based on the results and limitations of the study, further researches can be conducted as the following recommendations:

According to the findings, the students often have a thought of learning pronunciation that is really important and the issue put by most teachers is how to integrate teaching pronunciation with other English skills in a more interesting and effective way so that students‟ pronunciation can be improved. It is definitely worth exploring, how Vietnamese students see the way they are taught at high schools and how they feel about their abilities to pronounce a foreign language. To get a good pronunciation, the learners also should pay attention to not only English sounds but also other factors of phonetics such as stress, intonation, rhythm or common phonological processes such as assimilation, linking, and elision.

In addition, it is hoped that further researches would be conducted in verify the practical effect of some proposed solutions given.

A.study.on.mistakes.commonly.commited.by.the.10th.grade.students.at.kim.thanh.high.school..hai.duong.in.the.pronunciation.of.english.fricative.and.affricative.consonants.and.some.possible.pedagogical.solutionsA.study.on.mistakes.commonly.commited.by.the.10th.grade.students.at.kim.thanh.high.school..hai.duong.in.the.pronunciation.of.english.fricative.and.affricative.consonants.and.some.possible.pedagogical.solutionsA.study.on.mistakes.commonly.commited.by.the.10th.grade.students.at.kim.thanh.high.school..hai.duong.in.the.pronunciation.of.english.fricative.and.affricative.consonants.and.some.possible.pedagogical.solutionsA.study.on.mistakes.commonly.commited.by.the.10th.grade.students.at.kim.thanh.high.school..hai.duong.in.the.pronunciation.of.english.fricative.and.affricative.consonants.and.some.possible.pedagogical.solutions

REFERENCES

1. Dao Thi My Hanh (2007). A study on pronunciation of some English consonants by Vietnamese learners. MA minor thesis. Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

2. Duong Thi Nu, Mistake or Vietnamese English, Journal of Science, Foreign Language, Mistakes of Vietnamese English

3. Retrieved on September 27 th , 2013 from

www.js.vnu.edu.vn/nn_1_09/b6.pdf.

4. Ha Cam Tam, Common pronunciation problems of Vietnamese learners of English. Journal of Science - Foreign Languages, T.XX1, No.1, 2005.

5. Hismanoglu, M. (2006). Current Perspectives on Pronunciation Learning and Teaching. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 2(1).

6. M. Hancock, English Pronunciation in Use-Intermediate, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000.

7. Nguyen Thi Thu Huong (2010). Difficulties encountered by second year students at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry in producing some English consonants. MA minor thesis. Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

8. Roach ,P., English Phonetics and Phonology, (2nd edition), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1991.

9. Richards,J.,Platt,J., and Platt,H. (1992). Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching & Applied Linguistics. Longman Singapore Press.

10. Tiono, A Study of English Phonological Errors Produced, No1, English Department, Faculty of Letters, Petra Christian University, 2008.

11. Luu Trong Tuan (2011). Vietnamese EFL learners’ difficulties with English consonants. Studies in Literature and Language. 3(2), 56-67.

CS Canadian Research and Development Center of Sciences and Cuture.

12. Luu Trong Tuan (2010). Teaching English discrete sounds through minimal pairs. Journal of Language teaching and Research,1(5),540- 561.

13. Retrieved on September 27 th , 2013 from

14. http://www.academypublisher.com/jltr/vol01/no05/jltr0105.pdf 15. http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/english /frameset.html 16. 13.http://nlpdotnet.com/Linguistics/Phonetics/ConsonantChart.aspx

APPENDIX 1 RECORDING Task 1: Read out the following words.

/f/ &

/v/

fine physics effort traffic cough life victim volunteer grove serve remove give /s/ &

/z/

slim straight assistant promise parents notice prison transmit wisdom decompose recognize reuse /θ/&/

ð/

thunder thieves worthy birthday eighth both themselves there mother together sunbathe although /ʃ/ &/ʒ/ she shore fashion freshman wish crash

massage explosion rouge measure vision conclusion

/h/ he had hut home hail house

/tʃ/,/dʒ/ check chart chore match crutch catch job jewelry emergency magically marriage bridge

Task 2: Read out the following sentences

1. Frank found four fogs laughing on the floor.

2. Vera drove to Vence in a van.

3. I got a good prize for that painting.

4. I‟m going to advise you. You never take my advice.

5. The train went through the tunnel.

6. A bath is more relaxing than a shower.

7. There was an explosion in the garage on Leisure Road.

8. She wished she had gone shopping.

9. He didn‟t shave at all last year.

10. Do you want to change jackets before we go out?

11. Foxes sometimes come to the farm and catch chicken?

Task 3: Read out the following text about the recycling instructions.

First, soak some old newspapers in a bucket of water overnight. Then use a wooden spoon to mash the paper. Next, mix the mashed paper and the water together in another bucket. Place a wire mesh in the mixture then pull it out. Then put the mesh with mixture on the cloth and press it down firmly.

Take the mesh off the cloth. Wrap some heavy books in a plastic bag and put them on the cloth. Wait about 5 minutes. Finally, out the books away and take the paper out of the cloth to dry in the sunlight.

APPENDIX 2

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

This survey questionnaire is designed to collect the information or data for my MA study , titled “A Study on Pronunciation Mistakes Commonly Committed by the 10 th Grade Students at Kim Thanh high School, Hai Duong Related to English Fricative and Affricative Sounds and Some Possible Pedagogical Solutions”.

Would you like to tick on the answers that you think is the most appropriate. Your assistance is highly appreciated and the results will be intended solely for this study but not for other purposes.

1. How long have you been learning English?

A. Less than 3 years B. 5 - 8 years

C. 3 - 5 years

D. More than 8 years 2. How many English periods do you have a week?

A. 1-2 B. 3-4 C. 5-6 D. more than 6 3. Have you ever attended any pronunciation course? Yes/No 4. How do you rate the role of pronunciation in communication?

A. Very important B. Important C. Neutral D. Unimportant 5. What are your purposes of learning English pronunciation? (You can choose more than one option)

A. to pass the phonetic exams B. to understand English language

C. to improve your communication skills D. to be more confident in speaking English

6. How often do you practice pronouncing English words?

A. Always B. Usually C. Sometimes D. Rarely E. Never 7. Do you know how to read the phonetic transcription? Yes/ No

8. For each of the items in questions 8, please put a tick in the box provided which best describes your opinion of the causes of your making mistakes when producing English fricative /f/,/v/,/s/,/z/, /θ/,/ ð/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /h/and affricative sounds /tʃ/, /dʒ/.

No Causes of mistakes Strongl

y agree

Agre e

Neither agree

nor disagre

Disagre e

Strongl y disagre

e I don‟t know how to pronounce

these sounds.

These sounds are strange to me so I do not pay attention to these sounds.

Vietnamese fricative sounds are not mentioned in the final position of a word, so I ignore them.

I pronounce these sounds as I perceive.

I pronounced these sounds in the same way in English and Vietnamese.

I do not think that bad or wrong pronunciation of these

sounds will break

communication.

The description of English fricatives

The description of English affricates / tʃ/& /dʒ/

Suggestions for further studies

The description of English fricatives

The description of English affricates / tʃ/&amp; /dʒ/

The description of English affricates / tʃ/& /dʒ/