The findings of the present study are by no means a complete picture of collocations. The present study is only concerned with syntactic and semantic features of the word collocations due to the time, limitations and requirement of the minor M.A. research. In fact, there are still many other aspects still remaining to be investigated. This is why further research is recommended to be done in the following areas:
Firstly, research should be done on pragmatic features if the English collocation containing the word “free”. Secondly, research should be done to investigate the collocation of the noun containing the word.
In addition, researches on other groups of English and Vietnamese collocations rather than English and Vietnamese collocations containing the word “free” from perspective components could be very interesting and meaningful.
52
REFERENCES
1. Bahns J. (1993), Lexical collocations: a contrastive view, ELTJournal, 47(1), pp.
56-63
2. Bahns J. & Eldaw M. (1993), Should We Teach EFL Students Collocations?
Available at http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini.isp? nfpb=true&
&ERICExtSearch SearchValue 0=EJ465615&ERICExtSearch SearchType 0=no&accno=EJ465615
3. Benson M., Benson E. & Ilson R. (1986b), The BBI Combinatory Dictionary of English: A Guide to Word Combinations, Amsterdam/Philadelphia: Benjamins, in Bahns J. (1993), Lexical collocations: a contrastive view, ELT Journal, 47(1), pp.
56-63.
4. Benson M., Benson E. & Ilson R. (1977), The BBI Combinatory Dictionary of English: A Guide to Word Combinations, John Benjamin Publishing Company.
5. Cambridge English Corpus (n.d.). Free. Retrieved from https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/free
6. Cambridge English Corpus, n.d.; War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy.
7. Chu Thị Phương Vân (2005). The study of the collocation in the English textbook on Electronics and Telecommunications, M.A thesis, University of languages and international studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.
8. Đào Thị Ngọc Nguyên (2007), Collocations of HARD and HAPPY in English. M.A thesis, University of languages and international studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.
9. Firth J.R. (1957), Modes of meaning. In J. Firth (Ed.), Papers in linguistics 1934- 1951, London: Oxford University Press.
10. Gairns R. & Redman S. (1986), Working with words: A guide to teaching and learning vocabulary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
11. Halliday M.A.K (1966), Lexis as a linguistic level, w C.E. Bazell, J.C. Catford, M.A.K. Halliday & R.H. Robins (Eds.), In memory of J.R. Firth (148-162), London: Longman.
12. Hill J. (1999), Collocational competence, ETP, April 1999 Issue 11.
13. Larson M.L. (1984), Meaning-based translation: A guide to cross-language equivalence, Lanham, MD: University Press of America, Inc.
14. Lewis M. (2000), Teaching collocation: Further Development in the Lexical Approach, Hove: Language Teaching Publications.
53
15. Lê Thanh Hà (2007). A study on lexical collocations and their implications for English - Vietnamese translation, M.A thesis, University of languages and international studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.
16. McCarthy M. (1990), Vocabulary, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
17. McCarthy M. & O’Dell F. (2005), English collocations in use, Cambridge University Press.
18. McArthur T. (ed). (1992), The Oxford Companion to the English Language.
19. Michel Breal (1890).Grammaire latine
20. Nguyễn Thị Toàn (2016). A study on the English collocation containing the verb Set with reference to their Vietnamese equivalents. M.A thesis, University of languages and international studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.
21. Oxford University Press (2002), Oxford Collocations dictionary for Students of English.
22. Quirk R. et al. (1985), Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language
23. Sinclair J. (1991), Corpus Concordance Collocation, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
24. Từ điển Tiếng Việt – Nhà Xuất Bản Khoa Học Xã Hội – Hà Nội 1977.
54
APPENDIX
No. Collocations containing "Free"
1 Conversely, patter most often occurs in the second, freer part of the area.
2
In contrast, when egalitarian attitudes toward gender roles are dominant, there is a freer exchange of resources that offer decision-making power.
3
My purpose is to explain the net effect of free trade, technological advance, and outsourcing on the overall economic system of the planet.
4
Others say poor nations need to develop free markets in agriculture and strongly discourage government intervention.
5
"It can't be helped It happens to everyone!" said the son, with a bold, free, and easy tone, while in his soul he regarded himself as a worthless scoundrel whose whole life could not atone for his crime.
6 I struggled free but she pushed me down.
7 She pulled her arm free and hurried to the house.
8
When Alex lowered her to the ground, she jerked her hand free and marched off to the house.
9 She pulled it free, once again compelled to stare at the name written there.
10 Feel free to get anything you want out of the attic.
11 The Bank's 3,030 ATMs would continue to be free to everyone.
12
This event is free for all customers who are ranked as Premium class customers of Nike.
13 He's rather free with his wife's money.
14 She's very free with advice but she never seems to act on it herself.
15
Don't her parents mind her making free with their house while they're on holiday?
16
The area was free of others now, but so many had come and gone from here, he knew it was something special.
17 The roads up here haven't been free of snow all that long.
18
They broke free of the house into the dark night on a side of the house far from the light and merriment of the party.
19 The angry borzois are free of the leash rushed past the horses' feet at the wolf.
20
His feet are free of the stirrup; he offered her a hand, never taking his eyes off Medena.
55
21
It was largely owing to Consalvi's combined firmness and tact that the Concordat, as ultimately signed, was free from the objectionable clauses on which the First Consul had at first insisted.
22
The light actually emitted laterally is thus the same as would be caused by forces exactly the opposite of these acting on the medium otherwise free from disturbance, and it only remains to see what the effect of such force would be.
23
Cervinus; it has a tall, solid, white, ringless stem and somewhat thin brown cap, furnished underneath with beautiful rose-coloured gills, which are free from the stem as in the mushroom, and which FIG.
24 Bengal was prosperous and free from external enemies on every quarter.
25
One of the most essential points in a good micrometer is that all the webs shall be so nearly in the same plane as to be well in focus together under the highest powers used, and at the same time absolutely free from " fiddling."
26
It is supposed to be virtually pollution-free and produce both electricity and hydrogen.
27 The returns are not risk-free.
28 Your husband could put the money in a tax-free cash ISA.
29 The superintendent lives here rent-free.
30 Callers easily recognize Vietnam toll-free numbers by their dial-code.
31 The bank gives a business account for business customers for free.
32 You can access the online database for free.
33 The event tickets are given to students for free.
34
All products arranged in the shelf can be used for free within the bookstore’s premise.
35 They spent weekend days to deliver food for free.
36
Though in the new reign he was free to return to the capitals, he still continued to live in the country, remarking that anyone who wanted to see him could come the hundred miles from Moscow to Bald Hills, while he himself needed no one and nothing.
37
No one has ever complained yet of being too much loved; and besides, you are free to throw it up tomorrow.
38
He receives his orders and will marry you or anybody; but you are free to choose.
39 You got someone free to take a look?
56
40 She pulled it free to see a text from Dusty
41
A poor person with free access to the Internet at the library is wealthier than a poor person with free access to just a library.
42
You could have the libertarian state, the green state, the clothing-optional state, the state with free public housing for all, the state where puns are outlawed, the state with a two-drink minimum, and the fiercely pro-business state.
43
But think about how it could play out: If energy truly were free and unlimited, you could, for instance, power tractors everywhere in the world.
44 They are then given a business account free of charge by the bank.
45 You can access the online database for free.
46
Saying this he again turned round, dropped his hands, took the bottle and lifted it to his lips, threw back his head, and raised his free hand to balance himself.
47
Anatole had very soon abandoned his wife and, for a payment which he agreed to send to his father-in-law, had arranged to be free to pass himself off as a bachelor.
48
The free enterprise system—the greatest creator of wealth the world has known—will continue to produce the material gains we enjoy today and to reward most those who serve their fellow humans best.
49
Free and peaceful societies function best when government is transparent and open.
50
I would rather ride on earth in an ox cart, with a free circulation, than go to heaven in the fancy car of an excursion train and breathe a malaria all the way.
51
The tang of the untainted, fresh and free sea air was like a cool, quieting thought, and the shells and pebbles and the seaweed with tiny living creatures attached to it never lost their fascination for me.
52 He grabbed the free end of the rope.
53
On one of his estates the three hundred serfs were liberated and became free agricultural laborers--this being one of the first examples of the kind in Russia.
54 She left the court a free woman.
55 In the 1700s, Mamaroneck was home to a free black community
56
Schedules were exchanged until a free weekend opened up, after our obligatory trip to Iowa and Betsy's parents.
57
57
She's in a meeting at the moment, but she should be free to see you in ten minutes.
58 I'm working in the café all this week, but I've got a free evening next Monday.
59 Excuse me, is this seat free (= is anyone intending to sit in this seat)?
60 We queued for half an hour waiting for a free space in the car park.
61
Mechanics checked the plane to see if any of the bolts had worked themselves free.
62
In this case the chain is not coiled, but simply passes over the lifting wheel, the free end hanging loose.
63
Her hair was free, the long, loose curls cascading down her shoulders and back.
64 he went/walked free after the charges against her were dropped.
65 I let the dogs run free in the park.
66 He’s rather free with his wife's money.
67 She’s very free with advice but she never seems to act on it herself.
68 He’s very free with his criticism!
69
Don’t you think the owner will have something to say about your making free with his belongings?
70
Don't her parents mind her making free with their house while they're on holiday?
71
It is supposed to be virtually pollution-free and produce both electricity and hydrogen.
72
The agreement gives companies free access to the markets of member countries.
73 Your husband could put the money in a tax-free cash ISA.
74 No one is guaranteed a free ride.
75 Free and easy!
76 You are allowed to have free rein to use this room.
77
She went/walked free after the charges against her were dropped.
(Cô ấy bước đi thoải mái sau khi gánh nặng được vứt bỏ)
78
This event is free for all customers who are ranked as Platium class customers of Nike.
(Sự kiện này miễn phí cho toàn bộ khách hàng được xếp hạng Bạch kim của Nike)
58
79
They proved through testing that their products were free of contamination.
(Thông qua thử nghiệm họ chứng tỏ rằng sản phẩm của họ không bị nhiễm xạ)
80
After many months of treatment, she was declared free of disease.
(Sau vài tháng điều trị, cô ấy được tuyên bố khỏi bệnh)
81
The basic aim is to free the housing market from council control
(Mục đích cơ bản là để giải phóng thị trường nhà đất khỏi sự kiểm soát của hội đồng)
82
Both men were freed from the wreckage after a four-hour operation.
(Cả hai người đàn ông đều được cứu thoát khỏi đống đổ nát sau bốn giờ cứu hộ)
83
Are you free to attend tomorrow's board meeting?
(Cô có rảnh để tham gia cuôc họp Ban giám đốc vào ngày mai không?) 84
Please feel free to ask questions (Cứ thoải mái mà đưa ra câu hỏi) 85
They received two free return air-tickets every year.
(Họ nhận được hai vé khứ hồi miễn phí mỗi ngày)
86
Tomorrow, shoppers will receive free samples of the store's famous chocolate chip cookies.
(Ngày mai, khách hàng sẽ nhận được mẫu thử sôcô la miễn phí nổi tiếng nhất của nhà hàng)
87
No working environment is entirely stress-free.
(Không có môi trường làm việc nào mà không có áp lực) 88
You can access the online database for free.
(Bạn có thể tiếp cận kho dữ liệu mạng miễn phí) 89
Vietnam is a free country.
(Việt Nam là một đất nước tự do) 90
This poem written in free verse.
(Bài thơ này là thơ tự do) 91
You are free to talk what you want.
(Bạn có thể thoải mái nói bất cứ điều gì mà bạn muốn) 92
This event is free admission.
(Sự kiện này vào cửa không mất tiền) 93
She bought these products from duty-free stores.
(Cô ấy mua những sản phẩm này từ cửa hàng miễn thuế)
59
94
Relieving doses free him from pain.
(Thuốc giảm đau giúp anh ấy không bị đau đớn) 95
Putting these books into the shelf frees them from dampness.
(Sắp xếp sách lên kệ giúp chúng không bị ẩm)
96
This week, she is full with some new projects; therefore, she has very little free time.
(Tuần này cô ấy bận với nhiều dự án mới nên cô ấy có rất ít thì giờ rảnh) 97
There are three rooms free at this hotel.
(Ở khách sạn có ba phòng chưa có ai ở) 98
Her parents leave her end of the rope free to decide her major.
(Cha mẹ cô ấy thả lỏng cho cô ấy lựa chọn ngành học)
99
Maria seems to be too free in her behavior when talking to unacquainted persons.
(Maria dường như có thái độ suồng sã với người lạ) 100
Her compositions are a free style of writing.
(Các tác phẩm của cô ấy có văn phong uyển chuyển) 101
She tends to spend money with a free hand.
(Cô ấy có thói quen tiêu tiền hào phóng) 102
Her professor is free with his praises to her final thesis.
(Giáo sư không tiếc lời khen ngợi với luận văn của cô ấy)
103
There is only a free road in this state after snow storm.
(Sau bão tuyết chỉ có một con đường thông suốt duy nhất trong bang) 104 The criminal has free to confess all his crimes
105 We will install your washing machine free of charge.
106 Both bookcases stand free of the wall.
107 The bolts have worked themselves free because of the vibrations.
108 Rescuers took several hours to cut the survivors free from the wreckage.
109
She's in a meeting at the moment, but she should be free to see you in ten minutes.
110 If you take these bags, that will give me a free hand to open the door.
111 The organization is a charitable enterprise, so it is free from tax worldwide.
112 She'll never be completely free of the disease.
113 Ensure the wound is free from/of dirt before applying the bandage.
114 Anti-vivisectionists last night freed a number of animals from a laboratory.
60
115
Can you cancel my meetings - I need to free (up) the afternoon to write this report.
116 They agreed to let us live there rent-free.
117 Many banks are now offering interest-free overdrafts to students.
118
Members of the public buying direct from an insurer are free to inquire about its security rating.
119
With the autocue, your hands and head are free to communicate body language more powerfully.
120
The chairman has promised tough action to cut costs and free up funds to grow core businesses.
121
It is now possible to apply motive power exactly where it is wanted, and to do so economically, so that the crane designer has a perfectly free hand in adding the various motions required by the special circumstances of each case.
122
In this case the chain is not coiled, but simply passes over the lifting wheel, the free end hanging loose.
123
The parasitic and free-living Nematodes are connected by transitional forms which are free at one stage of their existence and parasitic at another.
124
On the what's new page, you are free to write what you want, as long as it is related to the subject.
125
The vilayet suffered severely during the Russian occupation of 1878, when, apart from the natural dislocation of commerce, many of the Moslem
cultivators emigrated to Asia Minor, to be free from their alien rulers.
126
From 1835 to 1838 he edited The Reformation, a radically partisan publication, devoted to free trade and the extreme states' rights theory.
127
It has been stated that half the plant-eating insects of England prey more or less upon the oak, and in some seasons it is difficult to find a leaf
perfectly free from their depredations.
128
It is then carefully dried by the free action of the air, and when dry built into long narrow stacks until needed for use.
129
It abounds in fish, but its banks are somewhat deserted and not free from malaria.
130
The state is practically free from debt, the only obligation of this character being $ 1 35,5 00 in 6% bonds, payable in 1910, which were issued in behalf of the Agricultural College.
61
131 Alva was now free to deal with rebellion in the north.
132 By a happy lot, all persons travel to an end free of toil.
133
The non-incorporated members are within the municipal jurisdiction of the ports to which they are attached; but the corporate members are as free within their own liberties as the individual ports themselves.
134
When the government was equally concerned, he was wholly free from suspicion.
135
It left the government free either to apply to foreign countries the general tariff or to enter into negotiations with them for the application, under certain
conditions, of a minimum tariff.
136
At the same time all this country was opened to Spanish trade even with Peru, and the development of its resources, so long thwarted, was allowed
comparatively free play.
137
From this port foreign merchandise found its way duty free into the Spanish provinces of Buenos Aires, Tucuman and Paraguay, and even into the interior of Peru.
138
Primary education is free and secular, and is compulsory for children of 6 to 14 years.
139
He was set free in 1667, but in the following year lie was again a prisoner, and he was in custody when he died on the 27th of October 1670.
140
In 1204 John gave the manor to William Bruere and granted to the town all the privileges of a free borough which were enjoyed by Nottingham and Derby;
but before this it seems to have had prescriptive borough rights.
141
Philip's removal had made all the hill-peoples of the north and west raise their heads and set the Greek states free from their fears.
142
Less resolute and reliable than his brother Guillaume, the cardinal had brilliant qualities, and an open and free mind.
143
One of the most essential points in a good micrometer is that all the webs shall be so nearly in the same plane as to be well in focus together under the highest powers used, and at the same time absolutely free from " fiddling."
144
The youngest servant of the Company claimed the right of trading on his own account, free from taxation and from local jurisdiction, not only for himself but also for every native subordinate whom he might permit to use his name.