LỜI NÓI TRỰC VÀ GIÁN TIẾP
4. Nhân Cách Hoá (personalized)
a- Một danh từ được nhân cách hoá nên viết chữ hoa đầu câu.
Ví dụ: War leaves his victim on the battlefield.
b- Danh từ nhân cách hoá được coi là giống đực hay giống cái tuỳ theo những qui tắc sau dây:
Notes (Ghi chú):
+ Những danh từ: Nói về sức mạnh , sự ác liệt , siêu phàm được coi là giống đực Death Sun War
Wind Ocean Vocanoe Ví dụ: War leaves his vietims on the battlefield.
+ Những danh từ: Nói về tình cảm có tính cách hiền hoà, dịu dàng trầm lặng, được coi là giống cái Moon Spring Charity Virtue
Hope Earth Peace Liberty + Tên các quốc gia được coi là giống cái.
Ví dụ: Vietnam is proud of her people
+ Trong các câu truyện, những con thú vật lớn được coi là giống đực. Những con vật nhỏ và côn trùng được coi là không giống nào " vô thuộc " hoặc giống cái như: a cat (con mèo) , a mouse (con chuột).
5. Người ta thường dùng "she" để thay thế cho một con tàu, con thuyền, và đôi khi cho một số máy móc.
Ví dụ: After the ship had been built, she was checked carefully.
Đảo ngữ(Inversions)
Thông thường, một câu kể (câu trần thuật) bao giờ cũng bắt đầu bằng chủ ngữ và tiếp theo sau là một động từ. Tuy nhiên, trật tự của câu như trên có thể bị thay đổi khi người nói muốn nhấn mạnh. Lúc đó xuất hiện hiện tượng
"Đảo ngữ"
Đảo ngữ được thể hiện ở các dạng sau:
Not until + phrase/clause...
Ex.: Not until 10 p.m. yesterday did he come home.
Not until I left home did I realize what he had meant.
Neither, nor và được dùng để diễn tả người hay sự vật này tương tự như người, vật hay sự vật khác (kia):
Ex: a/ Tom is ill today.
So is Tom..
b/ I can’t understand Spainish.
Nor can I.
Seldom, rarely và never được nhấn mạnh với nhấn mạnh với mục đích so sánh:
Ex.: Seldom had I seen such a terrible thing
Only, not only, not until được nhấn mạnh và đặt ở đầu câu Ex.: Only learning hard can you pass the exam.
Hardly…. When, scarcely……when và no sooner…… than được dùng để diễn tả một hành động xảy ran ngay sau một hành động khác.
Ex.: Hardly had I arrived when I heard a terrible explosion.
No sooner had I left than it started to rain.
Các cụm giới từ chỉ nơi chốn được nhấn mạnh.
Ex.: Near the old pagoda is a red flower tree.
Notes: Khi không muốn nhấn mạnh, chúng ta có thể dặt các cụm trạng từ, giới từ được nói đến ở 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 và 6 trên theo trật tự thông thường.
………….….Good luck………..
Grade 9 WORD FORM EXERCISES
1. She is so busy with …social………. activities that she has no time for entertainment. (society)
2. Winning the race was an ……achievement………(achieve).
3. Every…success………….. in science helps you gain new knowledge. (succeed)
4. ……Production………….. is increasing by using better methods and tools. ( produce) 5. He’s very ………. in scientific subjects. (interest)
6. There have been many wonderful …development………... in this century. ( develop)
7. … Miraculously………., he survived the crash without injury. ( miraculous )
8. We are faced with a difficult …choice………(choose)
9. Do you need a ……miraculous………. memory to become a scientist? ( miracle)
10. Our school team won three …successful………. Games. ( succession) 11. Your evidence was ………one ( decide)
12. It will take a long time to find out a thorough. solution………. to this problem. ( solve )
13. Paper money is used (increase ) …increasingly………. in the modern world.
14. (educate)…Education………. is very important for everyone.
15. This skirt will lose its color when …washing………. (wash )
16. This village was …electrified………. (electric ) three years ago.
17. This clock is her most………valuable………. (value) thing.
18. I’ll give you three sweets in …changing………(change) for an apple.
19. In recent years, there has been many…developments………. (develop) in science.
20. Can you…………imagine………. (imagination) life without electricity?
21. Everyone must obey the rules of. (socical)
22. She is quite …sociable………. (recognize) in her shirt.
23. Friendship ………based………(base) on trust and understanding is long lasting.
24. Almost every ……… (social) has a money economy (base ) on coins and paper notes.
25. When………considering………… (consider) of equal value, the goods can be exchange.
26. This gold lamp is the most …valuable………. ( value ) object in the house
27. ………Be safe………. first when we have manual work. ( safe )
28. The plane arrived………safely………. after a violent storm. ( safe )
29. Try to keep your money…safe………. from the burglars. ( safety ) 30. The secret to ( success )………. in life is hard working
31. He failed the exam last year. He didn’t ……….( success )
32. With so many choices, it is hard to ……decide………(decision) what to buy.
33. This problem caused a lot of ……… difficulties……….…….(difficult)
34. A lot of modern ( technical ) ……techniques………are used in various fields
35. The ( develop )…development……….. of synthetic fabric has brought new challenges.
36. Good …… communication………...is essential in a large organization ( communicate)
37. She is so busy with ……social….activities that she has no time for entertainment (society)
38. Winning the race was an ……… achievement ………(achieve)
39. ………Production………..is increasing by using better methods and tools ( produce)
40. That jacket is very ………wearable ……….. . You should buy a new one.(wear)
41. Some young people today have a very strange …appearance………..(appear)
42. They ……correspond………. at least once every two week.(correspondence)
43. I …don’t agree…… with spending so much money on the project. It’s a waste of money. (agree)
44. The Internet is a wonderful……invention……… of modern life.(invent)
45. I don’t know which website is ………useful………. for me .(use)
46. She lives in a small village and its …surroundings……… are very beautiful.(surround)
47. You don’t have to do that work. In other words, it’s …unnecessary……….. for you.(necessity)
48. …The industry………… in Vietnam has brought a lot of big changes.(industry) 49. You must read the following …………safety………. precautions carefully.(safe)
50. Minh looks ....worried...again. What’s the matter with him? ( worry )
51. This knife is ...useless... - it can’t cut anything .(use)
52. She never touches ...heallthy...food and keeps the dentist away ( health )
53. Wash your hands before ...touching...food ( touch )
54. If the machine goes wrong, tell the ...engineer...( engine )
55. Although she is rich, she lives . . .unhappily . . . (unhappy)
56. I would . .happily. . . . give up my job if I didn’t need the money. (happy)
57. Your recent work has some . . . ... improvement... . . . (improve)
58. They went to see most of the . . . interesting. . . places . (interest)
59. Air . . . ....pollution... . . makes us unhealthy. (pollute)
60. My teacher is a ……cultural………man ( culture )
61. Many cultural ………….activities will be held tomorrow ( culture )
62. We couldn’t win the prize. We were …… successful ………( success ) 63. Our team played ………. We lost ( success )
64. This man ……….in writing ( success )
65. Mr. Lam is a ………man. He’s got everything ( success )
66. The King has just died. The Prince becomes ………..king ( success ) 67. They tried to win but their efforts are ………..( success )
68. The fans laughed ………..as their favorite team won the trophy. ( satisfy ) 69. They are ………with their excellent result ( satisfy )
70. The lawyer failed to give ………..reason for his client’s innocence ( satisfy ) 71. Those engineers are ………..in their approach ( science )
72. The ………..in Australia attracts our students ( educate ) 73. He is among one if the best ………in Viet Nam ( translate )
74. My sister always spends her money ………( economy ) 75. His ………is very good. ( act )
76. You had better have a good ……….( explain )
77. Many people became………...because of the storm.(frighten) 78. He got a ……….as he got a bad result. ( punish )
79. He was half-………..( starve )
80. The village fair is open for ………..( entertain )
81. Mary does not have any ……….in English ( improve ) 82. Hundreds of people died of ………...( starve )
83. The teacher had a good ………...( decide ) 84. The show gives us a lot of ……….( enjoy ) 85. Viet Nam played an ………match ( enjoy )
86. Go away! I will be ready to take the ………..( consequent ) 87. My car broke and ………..I was late ( consequent )
88. Her ………is the most precious thing ( devote )
89. This killer is sentenced to life in ……….( imprison ) 90. He was ………because he had robbed the bank ( prison ) 91. Her anger could not be ………( disguise )
92. To my ……….., he passed the test so easily ( amaze ) [-ent]
93. Though Diana is not a ………singer, he sings beautifully ( profess ) [-ional]
94. They are clearing all the ………..off the beach ( pollute ) [-ion]
95. The main ……….is the low price ( attract ) [-ion]
96. We should preserve our ……….…resources ( nature ) [-al]
97. They will take ………..bicycle rides here ( leisure ) [-ed]
98. They test the ……….…of water here ( pure ) [-ity]
99. The polluted water in this village can’t be………( pure )
100.The circus ………..…by Tom was very successful . ( perform ) [-ed clause]
101.Uncle Ho’s career is ………...…( admire ) [-able]
102.They have made careful ………..for the demonstration ( prepare ) [-ation]
103.He has a good ………..…of French literature ( know ) [-ledge]
104.The boy was ………he lost the match ( success ) [-ful]
105.She likes going ………...with her classmates ( picnic )
106.Are there any ………..……between them ? ( similar ) [-ity]
107. Many projects directed by scientists and engineers require highly skilled workers called ……….( technique ).
108.These people use their ……….knowledge to help in constructing and testing. ( technique )
109. A lot of modern……are used in various fields such as construction, operation, and production. ( technique ) 110.………..today are trained mainly in one area of ………../ ( science,)
111.Much ………… work reqires a good knowledge of mathematics, too. / ( science,) 112.He says poetry is ……… ( interest )
113.It sometimes ………..his friends in reading aloud some beautiful poems. ( interest ) 114.He chooses his career as a ………., ( mathematics )
115. He spent his free time on working scientific problems - ……….puzzles. ( mathematics ) 116.In science, the...is clear-cut ( decide )
117.Winning the race was an ……(achieve)
118.………., he survived the crash without injury ( miraculous ) 119.We are faced with a difficult ………(choose)
120.Do you need a ………..memory to become a scientist? ( miracle) 121.Our school team won three ………..games ( succession)
122.You evidence was ………one ( decide)
123.The United Nations ……….is an international one. ( organize ) 124.The...of the world, poverty, aids, and literacy is a burning concern ( secure) 125.The Worker's Club is ……….. a seminar on safety. ( organize )
126.There has been a ………of measurement units in this country recently( change ) 127.They………souvenirs when the conference ended( change )
128.Is five eggs for five apples a fair ………?( change ) 129.Workers demand prompt ………from their employers(pay) 130.They lived happily despite their ………..( poor )
131.Thai’s economy depends on………( tour ) {tourist}
132.You have to keep your ………. . from that snake. ( distant ) {distance}
133. Phuong and Ha are ………related. ( distant ) { distantly}
134.They are ………. . . . greeted by the native, ( warm ) {warmly}
135.The ………. . by the little girl was a great hit ( perform ) {performance}
136.She was………. . to look at the big statue ( amaze ) {amazed}
137.To my………, the monkey can play the guitar. (knowledgeable) {knowledge}
138.His result was ………. . exellent ( amaze ) {amazingly}
139.He was ………. . good at Math ( amaze ) {amazingly}
140.Small companies are ………managed by the owners themselves ( normal ) {normally}
141.Brazillians played very ………( simple ) {simply}
142.Uncle Ho is a man of ………( simple ) {simplification}
143.This is a machine with a …………. . arm for picking up objects. ( move ) {moving}
144.Nguyen Binh is one of the poets of the Romantic ………. ( move ) {monement}
145.English is one of the ………subjects ( compel ) {compelling: extremly interesting}
146.I had a good ………on this film. ( impress ) {impression}
147.The air ………. …in our city is worse and worse ( pollute ) {pollution}
148.Oil slicks, chemical waste, garbage are common…. to our environment. ( pollute ) {pollutants}
149.Air ………. does a lot of harm to our life. ( pollute ) {pollution}
150.………. …the air must be limited to save our environment. ( pollute ) {Polluting}
151. Backstreet Boys is greeted ……….in the US nowadays. ( warm ) {-ly}