EXERCISE THIRTEEN
Fill the following gaps with don’t have/doesn’t have to or shouldn’t.
Remember that the negative of have to implies ‘no necessity’.
1. You ____________________ smoke so much.It’s bad for yourhealth.
2. I ____________________ do the dishes anymore. My husband bought
me a new dishwasher.
3. He lives with his parents so he ____________________ pay rent or bills. That’s why he’s always got plenty of money.
4. You ____________________ hang around with negativepeople. You end up absorbing their negativity.
5. I ____________________ work since I inherited my grandfather’s fortune. I can now laze around all day doing nothing.
6. I ____________________ do any housework. My mother does everything. She prefers it that way.
7. You ____________________ trust everyone you meet. Some people are wolves in sheep’s clothing.
8. If you tell the truth in life, you ____________________ remember anything.
9. You ____________________ intentionally do wrong to others. Life is like a boomerang. Everything comes back ten-fold.
10. He ____________________ be suspended from the club. He’s done nothing wrong.
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS/EXERCISE THIRTEEN
1. You shouldn’t smoke so much. It’s bad for your health. (My advice)
2. I don’t have to do the dishes anymore. My husband bought me a new dishwasher. (There is no need for me to do the dishes anymore)
3. He lives with his parents so he doesn’t have to pay rent or bills. That’s why he’s always got plenty of money. (It is not
4. You shouldn’t hang around with negative people. You end up absorbing their negativity. (My opinion/advice)
5. I don’t have to work since I inherited my grandfather’s fortune. I can now laze around all day doing nothing. (It is not necessary for me to work)
6. I don’t have to do any housework. My mother does everything. She prefers it that way. (There is no need for me to do the housework/it is not necessary that I do the housework)
7. You shouldn’t trust everyone you meet. Some people turn out to be wolves in sheep’s clothing. (My advice/opinion) 8. If you tell the truth in life, you don’t have to remember anything. (There is no need to remember anything)
9. You shouldn’t intentionally do wrong to others. Life is like a boomerang. Everything comes back ten-fold. (My advice/opinion)
10. He shouldn’t be suspended from the club. He’s done nothing wrong. (My advice/opinion)
EXERCISE FOURTEEN
Look at the following list that Jenny made to remind herself what to take with her on holiday to the Bahamas.
Now fill in the gaps in the exercise that follows with should/ shouldn’t /has to/will have to/won’t have to
1. She ____________ take her passport.
2. She ____________ take her flight ticket.
3. She ____________ remember to take suntan lotion.
4. She ____________ take a bikini with her if she wants to sunbathe or go swimming.
5. She ____________ make sure she takes money with her.
6. She ____________ take some casual clothes such as t-shirts and shorts.
7. I think she ____________ take some smart clothes as well in case she ____________ go out in the evening.
8. Maybe she ____________ take a sun hat to protect herself from the sun.
9. She ____________ take sunglasses to protect her eyes from the sun’s glares.
10. She ____________ take sandals.
11. She ____________ take trainers in case she wants to go walking.
12. She ____________ forget to take her camera.
13. She ____________ take an umbrella in case it rains.
14. She ____________ take winter boots if she is going in the summer.
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS/EXERCISE FOURTEEN
1. She will have to take her passport. (External future obligation beyond Jane’s control) 2. She will have to take her flight ticket. (External obligation)
3. She should remember to take suntan lotion. (My advice/it is not compulsory) 4. She should take a bikini with her if she wants to sunbathe or go swimming. (Advice)
5. She should make sure she takes money with her. (It is advisable to take money but not compulsory) 6. She should take some casual clothes such as t-shirts and shorts. (Advice)
7. I think she should take some smart clothes as well in case she has to go out in the evening. (Advice/external obligation, maybe she will be invited to a place where it is compulsory to wear smart clothes)
8. Maybe she should take a sun hat to protect herself from the sun. (Advice, she is not obliged to take a sun hat) 9. She should take sunglasses to protect her eyes from the sun’s glares. (My advice)
10. She should take sandals. (Advice)
11. She should take trainers in case she wants to go walking. (Advice)
12. She shouldn’t forget to take her camera. (Advice/it’s a bad idea not to take the camera) 13. She should take an umbrella in case it rains.
14. She won’t have to take winter boots if she is going in the summer. (There is no necessity to take boots in the summer- remember, the negative of ‘have to’ implies ‘no necessity)
EXERCISE FIFTEEN
Jane is now back from her holiday in the Bahamas. She forgot to take some of the items she put on her list.
Use the infinitive verb (in brackets) in its past participle form along with should have/shouldn’t have. Number one has been done for you as an example.
1. Jane got sunburnt because she forgot to take suntan lotion. Now we can give our opinion on what we think was a wise thing to do or not to do
You ____________ suntan lotion Jane then you wouldn’t have got sunburnt. (Take)
Answer to number one
You should have taken suntan lotion Jane then you wouldn’t have got sunburnt.
2. She didn’t take enough money with her so she couldn’t buy suntan lotion in the Bahamas due to the extortionately marked up tourist prices.
You say: It was a very bad idea not to take more money with you. You ____________________ taken more money with you.
3. Her sunglasses were of poor quality so the sun had a bad effect on her eyes. She is now suffering from terrible headaches.
You say: You ____________ better quality sunglasses before you left for the Bahamas. (Buy)
4. It rained very heavily for two days in the Bahamas. Jane didn’t take an umbrella.
You say to Jane: You ____________ an umbrella then you wouldn’t have
*got soaked. (Take)
*Get soaked = to become very wet.
5. Jane took her winter boots with her but really there was no need. It was too hot to wear them the whole time she was there.
You say: You ____________ your winter boots. (Take)
6. Jane sunbathed at lunch time when the sun was too hot. She’s now suffering from sunstroke.
You say: You ____________ at lunch time. (Sunbathe)
7. Jane almost missed her flight back home because she called a taxi too late. It was a race against time for the taxi driver to get her to the airport.
You say: You ____________ the taxi sooner. (Call) CHECK YOUR ANSWERS/EXERCISE FIFTEEN
2. She didn’t take enough money with her so she couldn’t buy suntan lotion in the Bahamas due to the extortionately marked up tourist prices.
You say: It was a very bad idea not to take more money with you. You should have taken more money with you. (My opinion/advice of what was a good idea to do in past)
3. Her sunglasses were of poor quality so the sun had a bad effect on her eyes. She is now suffering from terrible headaches.
You say: You should have bought better quality sunglasses before you left for the Bahamas.
4. It rained very heavily for two days in the Bahamas. Jane didn’t take an umbrella.
You say to Jane: You should have taken an umbrella then you wouldn’t have *got soaked.
*Get soaked = to become very wet.
5. Jane took her winter boots with her but really there was no need. It was too hot to wear them the whole time she was there.
You say: You should have taken your winter boots.
6. Jane sunbathed at lunch time when the sun was too hot. She’s now suffering from sunstroke.
You say: You shouldn’t have sunbathed at lunch time.
7. Jane almost missed her flight back home because she called a taxi too late. It was a race against time for the taxi driver to get her to the airport.
You say: You should have called the taxi sooner.
EXERCISE SIXTEEN Present and past
Fill the gaps below with should/shouldn’t + bare infinitive or should/shouldn’t have + past particle. Use between one and four other words in your answers.
1. It is not a good idea to argue with people. It just leaves you stressed and drained of all energy.
You ______________________________ people.
2. I don’t think it was very nice of you to tell Jenny she was fat.
You ______________________________ Jenny she was fat.
You ______________________________ to the dental hospital.
4. He always speaks to me badly.
You ______________________________ just ignore him. He’s not a very pleasant person.
5. John was fired for stealing the money.
It serves him right. He ______________________________ the money.
6. We didn’t listen to our parents when they told us the dangers of hitch- hiking. We were nearly killed by the madman who gave us a lift.
We were stupid. We ______________________________ them.
7. I don’t know why you continue working in that factory when you are overworked and underpaid.
You ______________________________ for another job.
8. Dad is not talking to me after I “borrowed” his car. I thought he would never find out.
You ______________________________ without his permission.
9. Mark doesn’t know I don’t want to see him again.
You ______________________________ tell him.
10. The doctor advised Bill to give up smoking.
“You ______________________________,”said the doctor to Bill.
11. It was rather careless of you to forget to shut the window before going out.
You ______________________________ to shut the window.
12. I was stranded on the motorway last night after my car broke down.
Why didn’t you call me?
You ______________________________ me.
13. it’s not safe to wander about the streets late at night.
You ______________________________ about the streets late at night.
14. I saw a burglar breaking into the house next door.
You ______________________________ the police.
15. I can’t speak English but I would like to.
You ______________________________ in a language course.
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS/EXERCISE SIXTEEN
1. It is not a good idea to argue with people. It just leaves you stressed and drained of all energy. You shouldn’t argue with people.
2. I don’t think it was very nice of you to tell Jenny she was fat. You shouldn’t have told Jenny she was fat.
3. I had terrible toothache all day yesterday. You should have gone to the dental hospital.
4. He always speaks to me badly. You should just ignore him. He’s not a very pleasant person.
5. John was fired for stealing the money. It serves him right. He shouldn’t have stolen the money.
6. We didn’t listen to our parents when they told us the dangers of hitch- hiking. We were nearly killed by the madman who gave us a lift. We were stupid. We should have listened to them.
7. I don’t know why you continue working in that factory when you are overworked and underpaid. You should look for another job.
8. Dad is not talking to me after I “borrowed” his car. I thought he would never find out. You shouldn’t have taken it without his permission.
9. Mark doesn’t know I don’t want to see him again. You should tell him.
10. The doctor advised Bill to give up smoking. “You should give up smoking ,” said the doctor to Bill.
11. It was rather careless of you to forget to shut the window before going out. You should have remembered/shouldn’t have forgotten to shut the window.
12. I was stranded on the motorway last night after my car broke down.
Why didn’t you call me? You should have called me.
wander about the streets late at night.
14. I saw a burglar breaking into the house next door. You should have called the police.
15. I can’t speak English but I would like to. You should enrol in a language course.