- HS cd the ke:
+ Go keng cho ca an ->
ca ndi len.
+ Ca beo lam xie'c theo hudng dan.
+ Bat den chie'u sang cho chd an, chd tiet nude bgt.
2. Dinh nghia vd tap tinh
- Tap tinh ddng vat la ehudi phan ung tra Idi cac kich thich ciia mdi trudng (ben trong ciing nhu ben ngoai CO the) nhd dd ma ddng vat tdn tai va phat trien.
Hoqt dong 2. CAC LOAI TAP TINH Muc tieu:
- HS phan biet dugc cac loai tap tinh.
- Neu dugc vi du vd cac loai tap tinh.
Hoqt dong ciia GV - GV neu yeu cau:
+ Nghien ciiu tranh hinh.
phim ve tap tinh.
+ Hoan thanh cac ndi dung cua phieu hgc tap.
- GV ke phieu hgc tap len bang va yeu cfiu HS ghi dap an.
- GV thdng bao dap an phieu hgc tap sd 1.
Hoqt dong cua HS - HS boat dgng nhdm:
+ Ca nhan thu nhan kie'n thiic tCr tranh hinh va SGK trang 117.
+ Thao luan thd'ng nhai y kie'n ghi phie'u hgc tap.
- Cac nhdm ghi ket qua len bang -> Idp nhan xet, bd sung.
- HS theo doi dap an va tu siia chua.
Noi dung
* Dap an phie'u hgc tap
Ndi dung
* Khai niem
Dac diem
Vidu
Tap tinh bam srnh - La loai tap tinh ma ngay tif khi sinh ra da co.
- Khong can hoc hoi va ren luyen.
- DUdc di truyen ti/ bo me.
- Khong thay ddi, khong chiu anh cua hoan canh song.
- Thu con sinh ra da biei bu me.
- Ga con thay nguy hiem chay vao canh me de tron.
Tap tinh hoc ducfc - La loai tap tinh dUdc hinh thanh trong qua trinh song cua ca the.
- OUdc cung co thudng xuyen.
- Khong dUdc di truyen.
- Luon thay ddi
- Go keng + cho an ->
cho tiei nude bot, nhieu lan go keng khong cho an cho v i n tiei nU6c bot, nhung neu khong cho an cho se khong tiei nUdc bot khi c6 tieng go.
Tap tinh hdn hdp - La tap tinh bao gom tap tinh bam sinh va tap tfnh hoc dUdc.
- Sinh ra da c6, dUdc truyen \.(i bd me.
- Tap tinh can dUdc cung cd thudng xuyen.
- Ga con mdi nd da biei md thLfc an(Tap tinh bam sin).
- Ga con se nha thtfc Sn neu loai thUc an no md la khong co Idi, khong an dUdc.
- De cung cd vd cac loai tap tinh GV tien hanh.
- GV ghi len bang nhirng hien tugng.
- GV yeu cau HS:
+ Nhan biei loai tap tinh, phan tieh loai tap tinh.
Vi du: Khi nhin thay den giao thong chuyen sang mau dd nhiing ngudi tham gia giao th6ng dung lai.
• Nhen giang to bat mdi.
• Chudn chudn bay thap thi mua, bay cao thi ndng, bay vCra thi ram.
- HS van dung kien thiie de tra Idi:
+ Nhin tha'y den dd giao thdng thi mgi ngudi dCing lai -ằ Tap tinh hgc dugc.
+ Nhen giang to bat mdi la tap tinh bam sinh mang tinh ban nang.
- Hoat dgng bay cao, bay tha'p, bay vCra ciia chudn chudn lien quan den thdi tiet dd la tap tinh bam sinh, chudn chudn ed co quan cam giac nhay earn
* Lien he: Viec hieu biet cac tap tinh cia ddng vat cd y nghia nhu the' nao trong ddi song ciia con ngudi?
vdi sir thay ddi ciia khi hau.
- HS van dung kien thiic thuc te' de tra Idi dugc.
+ Dieu khien hoat ddng cua dgng vat phuc vu cho ddi song cua con ngudi.
+ Danh bat dugc nhieu ddng vat.
+ Tao didu kien tot cho ddng vat phat trien.
Hoqt dong 3. CO SO T H A N KINH CUA TAP TINH Muc tieu:
- HS nam dugc co sd than kinh ciia tap tinh.
- HS biei lien he thuc tidn.
Hoqt dong ciia GV - GV treo tranh so dd cung phan xa va giang giai.
+ Khi ed kich thich tCr mdi trudng co the phan ling bang eac phan xa thdng qua he than kinh.
+ Tap tinh la chudi phan ung cua CO the tra Idi kieh thich tCr mdi trudng.
+ Co sd than kinh ciia tap tinh la phan xa.
+ Sd lugng xinap trong cung phan xa tang len thi miic do phiic tap cua tap tinh cung tang.
Hoqt dong cua HS Noi dung
- De tim hieu co sd than kinh cua tap tinh GV yeu cau HS.
+ Quan sat tranh hinh.
+ Hoan thanh cac ndi dung cua phieu hgc tap so 2: 'Tim hieu eo sd than kinh cia tap tinh''
- GV ke phie'u hgc tap so 2 len bang
- GV yeu cau cac nhdm ghi kei qua len bang.
- GV nhan xet, danh gia va thdng bao dap an diing.
- HS hoat dgng nhdm:
+ Ca nhan thu nhan kien thiie tCr tranh hinh va thdng tin SGK trang 117.
+ Thao luan nhdm thdng nhai y kien va ghi phieu hgc tap.
- Dai dien nhdm ghi dap an -^ Idp nhan xet.
- Ldp theo ddi va tu siia chiia.
- Dap an phie'u hgc tap so 2
Ndi dung
Cd sd than kinh
BSc diem
Tap tinh bam sinh
- La chuoi phan xa khong dieu kien.
- Trinh tu cac phan xa trong he than kinh dUdc gen qui dinh.
- Ben vung khong thay doi.
- Sd lUdng it.
Tap tinh hoc dUdc
- La chudi phan xa co dieu kien.
- Qua trinh hinh thanh tap tinh hoc dUdc la qua trinh hinh thanh cac mdi lien he mdi giiJa cac ndron (OUdng lien he than kinh tam thdi).
- Khong ben.
- Phai thudng xuyen cung cd, c6 the thay ddi. Sd lUdng nhieu.
- GV neu cau hdi thao luan:
+ O ddng vat ed he than kinh dang ludi va he than kinh dang chudi bach cac tap tinh ciia chiing hau hei la tap tinh bam sinh vi sao?
+ Tai sao ngudi va ddng vat cd he than kinh phat trien ed rat nhidu tap tinh hoc duoc?
- GV neu vi du: Chim non mdi nd chua md mat nhung ha md khi thay chim me di kie'm an ve.
- GV hdi: Mui cua chim me hay td bi rung khi chim me dau vao la tin hieu de chim non ha md?
- HS thao luan, sir dung kie'n thiic d phie'u hgc tap so 2 de tra Idi:
+ O nhiing dgng vat cd he than kinh dang ludi va chudi bach cd cau tao don gian, sd lugng te' bao than kinh ft, kha nang hgc tap kem, viec hgc va nit kinh nghiem khd khan, tudi thg ngan khdng ed nhidu thdi gian cho viec hgc tap riit kinh nghiem.
+ O ngudi va ddng vat ed he than kinh phat trien, thuan Igi cho viec hgc va riit kinh nghiem, tap tinh ngay cang hoan thien, tudi thg dai cho phep thanh lap nhidu phan xa cd didu kien, hoan thien cac tap tinh phiic tap de thich ling vdi dieu kien song phiic tap.
- Dai dien nhdm trinh bay, ldp nhan xet, bd sung.
- HS trao ddi, van dung kie'n thiic thuc te de tra Idi.
- GV nhan xet va thdng bao tap tinh ha md ciia chim non do kich thich rung td chii khdng phai la miii cua chim me.
- GV yeu cau HS lay vi du vd kich thich dau hieu xuai hien tap tinh d ddng vat.
- GV bd sung kie'n thiic:
+ Mot sd tap tinh ciia dong vat la kei qua phd'i hgp boat dgng ciia he th^n kinh va noi tiet.
Vi du: Tap tinh ghep d6i va sinh san cia chim.
+ Hooemdn sinh due tiei ra khien con due ed boat dong khoe me, dSn du con cai, kich thich con cai tiei hooemdn dan den triing chin. Sau dd la qua trinh giao phoi va de triing ci!ia con cai.
- HS cd the tra Idi: Tin hieu la mui cua chim me hoac td bi rung.
- HS neu dugc vi du + Anh den sang hoac anh lira trong dem la kich thich da'u hieu lam xuat hien tap tinh hudng sang d con thieu than.
+ Rung td lam ong thg bay ra rat nhidu.
Ket luan chung: HS dgc kei luan SGK.
IV. KIEM TRA DANH GIA
- HS tdm tat kien thiic co ban cua bai.
- HS lam bai tap trac nghiem.
1. Tap tinh ddng vat la:
a) Kha nang co the phan ung lai cac kich thich ciia mdi trudng de tdn tai va phat trien.
b) Su van ddng sinh trudng ve mgi phia theo cac tac nhan ben ngoai hay ben trong.
c) Van ddng sinh trudng dinh hudng theo tac nhan mdt phia cua mdi trudng song.
d) Chudi nhiing phan ung ma co the tra Idi lai kieh thich dd dam bao cho su tdn tai cia ca thd va ciia loai.
2. Hau hei tap tinh ciia dgng vat bac tha'p la
a) Tap tinh bam sinh c) Tap tinh hdn hgp
b) Tap tinh hgc dugc d) Tap tinh hgc dugc, tap tinh hdn hgp.
3. Meo bat chugt la:
a) Tap tinh bam sinh e) Tap tinh hdn hgp b) Tap tinh thir sinh d) Ban nang.
4. Tap tinh kie'm an va san mdi la:
a) Tap tinh bam sinh c) Tap tinh hdn hgp b) Tap tinh hgc dugc d) Ca a, b, c.
V. DAN DO
- Hgc bai tra Idi cau hdi SGK trang 117.
- On tap va tim hidu vd tap tinh d ddng vat.