Th c gi đ nh đứ ả ị ược chia thành ba lo i sau:ạ
Th c gi đ nh:ứ ả ị Present Subjunctive (hi n t i gi đ nh).ệ ạ ả ị Past Subjunctive (quá kh gi đ nh).ứ ả ị
Past perfect Subjunctive (quá kh hoàn thành gi đ nh).ứ ả ị
HIỆN TẠI GIẢ ĐỊNH Present
Subjunctive
Dùng trong m t s câu thành ng / câu c m thán đ th hi n m t ao ộ ố ữ ả ể ể ệ ộ ước, hi v ng hayọ m t l i c u chúc.ộ ờ ầ
(God) Bless you! (Chúa phù h cho con)ộ Heaven/God help sb! (C u chúa phù h cho ai)ầ ộ Long live Vietnam! (Vi t Nam muôn năm)ệ Heaven forbid! (L y tr i!)ạ ờ
Success attend you! (Chúc b n thành công)ạ
Dùng sau m t sô các đ ng t đê th hi n ý mu n, yêu c u, đ ngh , g i ý, ra l nh:ộ ộ ừ ể ệ ố ầ ề ị ợ ệ
advise,demand,prefer,require,insist,propose,stipulate,command,move,recommend,suggest,decr ee,order..
Dùng sau m t sơ tính t sau:ộ ừ
Form : S1 + V + that + S2 ( not ) + V (bare)
QUÁ KHỨ GIẢ ĐỊNH
QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH GIẢ ĐỊNHNh ng danh t :ữ ừ Nh ng danh t :ữ ừ
demand,recommendation,insistence,request,proposal,suggestion,preference ,importance
Dùng trong c u trúc v i “would rather" có hai ch ngấ ớ ủ ữ S1 + would rather that + S2 + (not) + V (present subjunctive)
Past Subjunctive
Dùng trong câu đi u ki n lo i 2:ề ệ ạ
If + S + V (quá kh đ n) +..., S + would/could + V (nguyên d ng)ứ ơ ạ
Dùng trong câu ước khơng có th c hi n t i (wish = If only)ự ở ệ ạ
(S + wish)/if only + S + V (quá kh đ n)ứ ơ
Đượ ử ục s d ng sau "as if / as though"
S1 + V (hi n t i đ n) + as if/ as though + S2 + V (quá kh đ n)ệ ạ ơ ứ ơ
Dùng trong m u câu “would rather" đ ch m t ao ẫ ể ỉ ộ ước đ i l p v i hi n t i.ố ậ ớ ệ ạ
S1 + would rather that + S2 + V (quá kh đ n)ứ ơ
Dùng trong c u trúc "it's time..."ấ
It's (high/about) time + S + V (quá kh đ n) = It's time for sb to do st:ứ ơ (đã đ n lúc cho ai đó làm gì)ế
Past perfect Subjunctive
Dùng trong m nh đ đi u ki n c a câu đi u ki n lo i 3ệ ề ề ệ ủ ề ệ ạ
If + S + V (quá kh hoàn thành)+..., S + would/ could + have + Vp2ứ
Dùng sau "wish/ If only" đ di n đ t ý c u mong ho c gi đ nh đã không x y ra trong quá khể ễ ạ ầ ặ ả ị ả ứ
(S + wish)/if only + S + V (quá kh hoàn thành)ứ
Dùng sau "as if / as though" đ ch m t gi đ nh khơng có th t trong q kh .ể ỉ ộ ả ị ậ ứ
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. It is necessary that children ______________ of their old parents.
A. takes care B. to take care c. take care D. took care 2. I wish you ______________ complaining about the weather.
A. would stop B. stop c. stopped D. had stopped
3. It is essential that every student ______________ to learn English at university.
A. had B. have c. has D. to have
4. We wish we ______________ a large house but we can't afford it now.
A. have B. had c. can have D. will have
5. My friend won't lend me his car. I wish ______________
A. he lent me his car B. he didn't lend me his car C. he would lend me his car D. he will lend me his car 6. I'm sorry I haven't got any money on me. I wish ____________________
A. I have got no money on me B. I have some money on me C. I had some money on me D. I had got no money on me 7. My friends didn’t take part in the game. __________________
A. my friends took part in the game B. my friends had taken part in the game C. my friends would take part in the game D. my friends did take part in the game 8. It wasn't fine yesterday. I wish ______________
A. it was fine yesterday B. it would fine yesterday C. it will fine yesterday D. it had been fine yesterday 9. I wish I Psychology when I was a college student.
A. had studied B. would study C. studied D. studied 10. I wish someone ______________ to help me with that work tomorrow.
A. offer B. offered C. would offer D. had offered
11. If only I ______________ play the guitar as well as you!
A. would B. should C. could D. might
Dùng v i c u trúc would rather (hai ch ng ) đ ch m t mong mu n đã không x y ra trongớ ấ ủ ữ ể ỉ ộ ố ả quá kh .ứ
S1 + would rather that + S2 + V (quá kh hoàn thành)ứ
12. When I saw Tom, he looked ______________ he had been ill.
A. so B. such as C. the same D. as if
13. Mrs White always talks to her baby as though he ______________ an adult.
A. is B. were C. had been D. will be
14. When he came out of the room, he looked ______________ he had seen a ghost.
A. as B. as though C. when D. if
15. Susan's doctor insists ______________ for a few days.
A. that she is resting B. her resting C. that she rest D. her to rest 16. The doctor suggested that his patient ______________
A. stop smoking B. stops smoking C. stopped smoking D. to stop smoking 17. It is necessary that he ______________ the books.
A. find B. doesn't find C. don't find D. did not find 18. It has been proposed that we ______________ the topic.
A. to change B. changed C. changing D. change
19. It's important that every student ______________ all the lectures.
A. attends B. attend C. has attended D. attended
20. It's time we all ______________ now.
A. leave B. to leave C. left D. have left
21. He acts as if he ______________ English perfectly.
A. know B. knew C. have known D. had known
22. She acted as though she______________ him before.
A. knew B. know C. had known D. has known
23. I would rather that I ______________ him to my birthday party yesterday.
A. invited B. have invited C. had invited D. invite 24. She would rather Mary ______________ here right now.
A. be B. were C. was D. were/ was
25. I suggest that he ______________ harder