Mất cân đối buồng tim
– Các BTBS khác
• HL TMP BT• TT TMCT T • TT TMCT T • ?TLT cơ bè
– Mạch máu / ngồi tim
• Khơng OTM • Co thắt OĐM • Thốt vị hồnh • Dị dạng TM Galen • Thiếu máu; IUGR
– Di truyền khác
• T21, XO,khác
– Bình thường/ SL 3 tháng cuối
Persistence of a left superior vena cava (LSVC) draining to the coronary
In a meta-analysis which included over 500 fetuses, CoA was
associated with isolated LSVC in 21% of cases. However, another meta-analysis found that it did not carry an increased risk for CoA.
In interruption of the inferior vena cava (IVC), the Theoretical
decreased blood flow across the patent foramen ovale may result in a decrease in left ventricular cardiac output and secondary IST hypoplasia.
• Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection decreases the
amount of prograde flow through the left heart, which may result in hypoplasia of the left heart structures and aortic arch.
• Structural abnormalities of the MV will decrease LV inflow and
cardiac output, resulting in decreased blood flow to the IST.
• A large ventricular septal defect, Posterior malalignment and some
degree of hypoplasia of the aortic valve annulus will further contribute to left to right shunting across the VSD and more significant arch hypoplasia.
• A bicuspid or structurally abnormal aortic valve a meta-analysis
failed to show that a bicuspid aortic valve carried an increased risk for CoA in utero.
Turner syndrome is associated with CHD, most commonly a
bicommissural aortic valve (16%), CoA (11%)
• Cerebral vein of Galen malformations result in increased blood flow
to the head and a relative decrease in blood flow across the aortic IST. There have been case reports where Vein of Galen malformations