+ chỉ dùng để diễn tả sự việc ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai, không diễn tả sự việc ở quá khứ Ex: I must study for the exam. ( bạn phải học cho kì thi )
I haven’t phoned Ann for ages. I must phone her tonight.( lâu rồi tôi không gọi cho Ann. Tối nay tôi phải gọi cho cô ấy mới được)
-have to: + sự cần thiết hay bắt buộc có tính khách quan (người nói chỉ đề cập đến sự kiện)
+ có thể dùng trong tất cả các dạng
Ex: His eyes are weak. He has to wear glasses. ( mắt của anh ta yếu . anh ta phải đeo kính thơi) 5.can/ could / should
- can/ could + V1 : dung để diễn tả sự có thể/ khả năng
6. Should + V1 : dung để diễn tả lời khuyên = had better + V1 = ought to + V1EXERCISES EXERCISES
EXERCISE 1: Choose the best answers
1. I don’t want anyone to know. You ---------------- tell anyone.
A. must B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. don’t have to 2. He ---------------- wear a suit to work but he usually does.
A. mustn’t B. must C. needs D. doesn’t have to
3. I can stay in bed tomorrow morning because I ----------------- go to work.
A. have to B. need to C. must D. don’t have to
4. Whatever you do, you ------------------touch that switch. It’s very dangerous.
A. don’t need to B. must C. mustn’t D. might
5. There’s lift in the building, so we -------------------- climb the stairs.
A. may B. have to C. need to D. don’t have to
6. We haven’t got much time. We ------------------ hurry.
A. don’t need to B. needn’t C. must D. mustn’t
7. We have enough food at home, so we -------------------- go shopping today.
A. need to B. have to C. needn’t D. must
8. This is a valuable book. You -----------------look after it carefully and you --------------- lose it. A. must / need to B. mustn’t / must C. need to / have to D. must / mustn’t 9.Young people ______ obey their parents.
a. must c. will
b. may d. ought to
- go off = explode : nổ - go off = ring : báo thức
- look after = take care of : chăm sóc - try out = test : thử
- take after = look like = resemble : giống - hold up = postpone = delay= put off : trì hỗn - get over = recover from : bình phục
- establish (v) = set up = found : thành lập - fill in : điền vào
- look up = find = seach for: tra cứu - look for = find : tìm kiếm
- give up = stop = get rid of : từ bỏ - put on : mặc >< take off : cởi - turn on # turn off : bật><tắt - wash up : rửa chén /bát - turn up = arrive : có mặt, đến
- go on : tiếp tục = continue = keep = carry on - turn round : quay
- lie down: nằm xuống
- look down upon /on : coi thường , khinh rẻ >< look up to = respect : tôn trọng - lose one’s temper : nổi giận. cáu
- lose touch with : mất lien lạc = lose contact with >< keep/ get in touch with: giữ liên lạc - laugh at: cười chế nhạo
- stare at : nhìn chằm chằm - point at : chỉ vào
- write to : viết cho ai - listen to : nghe - speak to : nói với ai - wait for : đợi - talk about : nói về
- ask s.o for s.th : xin ai cái gì - apply for a job : xin việc - apply to sb : xin ai
- have a discussion about st : thảo luận về điều gì - break down = stop working
- recover from = get over (vượt qua nỗi đau, cơn sốc, bệnh) - - put up with = tolerate : chịu đựng
- Carry out: thực hiện, tiến hành - Get on well with: cư xử tốt với ai
Multiple choice
1. Who will ________ the children while you go out to work?
A. look for B. look up C. look after D. look at
2. Please ________ the light, it’s getting dark here.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn over D. turn into
3. The nurse has to _________ at the midnight.
{take (sth) over: take control of or responsibility for}
A. take care B. take on C. take over C. take off
4. There is an inflation. The prices __________.
A. are going on B. are going down C. are going over D. are going up
5. Remember to _______ your shoes when you are in a Japanese house.
A. take care B. take on C. take over C. take off
6. You can __________ the new words in the dictionary.
A. look for B. look after C. look up D. look at
7. It’s cold outside. __________ your coat.
A. Put on B. Put down C. Put off D. Put into
8. Frank never turns up on time for a meeting.
A. calls B. arrives C. reports D. prepares
9. Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.{ p ut off: postpone: delay}
A. do B. let C. delay D. leave
10.My father still hasn’t really recovered from the death of my mother.
A. looked after B. taken after C. gone off D. got over
11.The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town.
A. went on B. went out C. went off D. went away
12.John, could you look after my handbag while I go out for a minute.
A. take part in B. take over C. take place D. take care of
13.Bill seems unhappy in his job because he doesn’t get _______ his boss.
A. up to B. on for C. on well with D. in with
14.My father gave up smoking two years ago.
A. liked B. continued C. stopped D. enjoyed
15.The government hopes to _________ its plans for introducing cable TV.
A. turn out B. carry out C. carry on D. keep on
16.I was born in Scotland but I ________ in Northern Ireland.
A. grew up B. raised C. brought up D. rose
17.Both Ann and her sister look like her mother.
A. take after B. take place C. take away D. take on
18.I’ll be back in a minute, Jane. I just want to try out my new tape recorder.
A. resemble B. test C. arrive D. buy
19.She ran in a marathon last week but________ after ten kilometers. {withdraw}
A. dropped out B. closed down C. broke up D. made up
20.Paula applied for the post but she was__________
0. WISH CLAUSES ( mệnh đề wish / if only)
1. ước ở tương lai : dùng would /could
S+ wish + S+ would/could +V +O If only + S + ……………………
2. ước ở Hiện tại dùng QKĐ
S+ wish + S + V2/ed +O S + wish + S + didn’t + V1+ O If only + S ……………………….
3. ước ở QK đùng QKHT
S + wish + S + Had + V3/ed + O If only + S……………………… Mark the correct option A, B, C or D:
1. I don't understand this point of grammar. I wish I ______ it better.
A. understood B. would understand C. had understood D. understands 2. It never stops raining here. I wish it ______ raining.
A. stopped B. would stop C. had stopped D. will stop
3. I miss my friends. I wish my friends ______ here right now.
A. were B. would be C. had been D. was
4. I should never have said that. I wish I ______ that.
A. didn't say B. wouldn't say C. hadn't said D. says 6. It was supposed to be a secret. I wish you ______ him.
A. didn't tell B. wouldn't tell C. hadn't told D. tell 7. I wish that someday I ___________ able to marry her.
A. will be B. am C. would be D. had been
8. I wished I_________ enough money to buy the house.
A. had B. have C. had had D. would have
9. John wishes he ________ a scientist when he grows up.
A. is B. was C. will be D. would be
10. You talk more than you work. The teacher wishes that __________.
A. you work more than you talk B. you worked more than you talked
C. you worked more than you talk D. you had worked more than you had talked 11. Susan regretted not buying that villa.
A. Susan wished she had bought that villa. B. Susan wished she bought that villa. C. Susan wished she could buy that villa. D. Susan wished she hadn’t bought that villa. 12. It’s a pity that you didn’t tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this. B. I wish you would tell us about this. C. I wish you had told us about this. D. I wish you have told us about this. 13. I’m afraid he won’t get over his illness.
A. I wish he will get over his illness. B. I wish he would get over his illness. C. I wish he got over his illness. D. I wish he had got over his illness. 14. Peter regretted buying the secondhand computer.
A. Peter didn’t want to buy the secondhand computer. B. Peter wished he didn’t buy the secondhand computer. C. Peter wished he hadn’t bought the secondhand computer. D. Peter was glad to buy the secondhand computer.
15. I regret that you didn’t give me a chance to tell you the truth. A. I wish you didn’t give me a chance to tell you the truth. B. I wish you gave me a chance to tell you the truth. C. I wish you had given me a chance to tell you the truth. D. I wish you hadn’t given me a chance to tell you the truth.
P. INVERSION : ĐẢO NGỮ1. Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT 1. Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT
No + N + Auxiliary + S + Verb (inf) Not any + N + Auxiliary + S + Verb (inf)
EX: No money shall I lend you from now on.
(= Not any money shall I lend you from now on.)
2.Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định: Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly ever,….. Never/ Rarely/ Seldom /Little/ Hardly ever + Auxiliary + S + V
Never in Mid-summer does it snow. Hardly ever does he speak in the public. 3. Đảo ngữ với ONLY
Only once
Only in this/that way
Only then + Auxiliary + S + V Only after + N
Only by V_ing/ N Only when + clause
4. Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có NoAt no time At no time On no condition On no account + Auxiliary + S + N Under/ in no circumstances For no reason In no way No longer
5.No sooner………. than…..
Hardly/ Bearly/ Scarely…….. When/ before
EX: No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang.
Hardly had she put up her umbrella before the rain becam down in torrents
6. Đảo ngữ với Not only……. but……also…
Not only + Auxiliary + S + V but…. also……….
Not only is he good at English but he also draws very well.
Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly. 7. Đảo ngữ với SO
So + Adj/ Adv + Auxiliary + S + V + that-clause (mệnh đề danh từ)
So dark is it that I can’t write.
So busy am I that I don’t have time to look after myself.
8. So + adjective + be + N + clause
So intelligent is that she can answer all questions in the interview. 9. Đảo ngữ với until/ till + clause/ Adv of time + Auxiliary + S + V EX: I won’t come home till 10 o’clock.
(=Not until/ till o’clock that I will come home.)
10. Đảo ngữ với No where + Aux (Trợ động từ) + S + V
No where in the Vietnam is the scenery as beautiful as that in my country. 11.Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện
b.Câu điều kiện loại 2: If-clause = Were S + to-V/ Were + S…
c.Câu điều kiện loại 3 : If-clause = Had + S + V 3
12. Trong câu có các mệnh đề với “as, though, no matter how, however” . Thường đưa : n/adj/verb/adv
lên trước . EXAMPLE :
Child as he is, she knows a great deal.
Youngest as he is , he studies best in our class.
13 . Nhóm câu mở đầu bằng các từ và cụm từ sau “often, always, once, many a time ,now and then, every other day” every other day”
EG: Often do I tell her about my life here. Many a time has he helped me with my experiment. Q. Subject and verb agreement (Hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ)
Qui tắc chung: S số ít + V số ít
S số nhiều + V số nhiều
Ex: The boy is playing football in the schoolyard. The students haven’t finished their tests yet. Một số trường hợp khác:
1. Động từ chia số ít: (noun : danh từ)