C. Time expressions Trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian
5.2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN A Công thức
A. Công thức
Câu khẳng ñịnh Câu phủñịnh Câu nghi vấn Câu hỏi chung
I am + working
(I’m working)
am not working (I’m not working)
are you working … ? Wh- are you working … ? You/ we/ they are working (we’re working)
are not (aren’t) working
Are they working … ?
Wh- are they working … ? She/ he/ it Is working
(he’s working) Is not (isn’t) working Is he working … ? Wh- is he working … ? B. Chức năng
* Hành ñộng diễn ra tại thời ñiểm ñang nói
I’m afraid Mr. Jackson’s not available at the moment. He is talking to a customer on the other phone.
* Current projects – Công việc, dự án, … ñang diễn ra.
Barton’s is one of the largest local construction companies. At the moment we are building a new estate with 200 houses and we are negotiating with the council for the sale of development land in Boxley Wood.
* Temporary situations – Tình huống tạm thời
Mrs. Harding organizes our conferences.
29 (The present simple is used because this is generally true)
Mrs. Harding is away on maternity leave, so I am organizing them.
(The present continuous is used because this is only true for a limited time)
* Slow changes – Thay ñổi diễn ra từ từ (thường là biến ñổi kinh tế, xã hội, …)
The latest economic statistics show that both unemployment and inflation are falling, and that the economy is growing at an annual rate of 2.6%.
* Arrangements - Kế hoạch.
What are you doing on Friday afternoon? (What have you arranged to do?)
I am seeing the accountants. (I have arranged to see them.)
* State verbs
Các ñộng từ chỉ tình thái thường không dùng ở dạng tiếp diễn mà dùng ở dạng ñơn. Verbs of thinking believe, doubt, guess, imagine, know, realize, suppose,
understand
Verbs of possession belong to, have, own, possess
Verbs of the senses hear, smell, sound, taste, look, feel
Verbs of emotion dislike, hate, like, love, prefer, regret, want, wish
Verbs of appearance appear, seem
Others contain, depend on, include, involve, mean, measure, weigh, require
Exercise 1
Complete the sentences by putting the verbs in brackets into the present simple or present continuous.
1. I ……….. (look at) the details on the screen now.
2. I ………(look at) the sales results in detail every month. 3. The production line ………. (not, work) at weekends. 4. The production line ………. (not, work) at the moment. 5. Yes, I agree. I ………….. (think) it’s a good idea.
6. Helen ………. (stay) at the Astoria while she’s in Madrid this month. 7. We ……….. (take) a sample for testing once a day.
8. We ……… (take) a big risk if we go ahead with the project.
9. They ……….. (be) usually very flexible if we need to change the order. 10. They ……… (be) flexible about giving us credit for a few more months
Exercise 2: Choose the correct form of the verb depending on whether in this meaning it is an action or a state verb. If both the Present Continuous and the Present Simple tenses are possible, use the Present Continuous tense.
1. a) Why are you smelling the soup? b) Why do you smell the soup?
30 2. a) She was feeling his arm on her shoulder.
b) She felt his arm on her shoulder. 3. a) Are you having an English dictionary?
b) Do you have an English dictionary? 4. a) What are you thinking about?
b) What do you think about? 5. a) I am feeling much better today.
b) I feel much better today. 6. a) What are you looking at?
b) What do you look at? 7. a) I am not hearing you.
b) I can't hear you.
8. a) What are you thinking of me? b) What do you think of me?
9. a) I am feeling we should go home now. b) I feel we should go home now.
10. a) This bread is tasting funny. b) This bread tastes funny.