Do cấu tạo chưa hoàn chỉnh của đường tiêu hóa, sự hoạt động hạn chế của enzyme đã dẫn đến khả năng hạn chế trong việc tiêu hóa, hấp thụ protein ởấu trùng cá biển. Từ khả năng hạn chế trong việc tổng hợp các phospholipid và chuyển hóa PUFA ở cá biển nói chung, yêu cầu ấu trùng cá biển phải được tiếp nhận các thành phần dinh dưỡng này từ thức ăn.
Từ các vấn đề trên đã dẫn đến một số kỹ thuật cần thiết được áp dụng trong sản xuất giống cá biển: kỹ thuật làm giàu thức ăn sống, tạo thức ăn vi hạt và thức ăn vi nang đáp ứng khả năng tiêu hóa ở giai đoạn ấu trùng, kỹ thuật chuyển đổi thức ăn và chuyển đổi thức ăn sớm.
Các nghiên cứu về dinh dưỡng ở ấu trùng cá biển hiện vẫn đang được tiếp tục. Kỹ thuật làm giàu, kỹ thuật chuyển đổi thức ăn vẫn đang được tiếp tục nghiên cứu để hoàn thiện hơn. Các nghiên cứu gần đây tập trung nhiều vào hướng giải quyết thức ăn tổng hợp, tạo nên loại thức ăn phù hợp cho ấu trùng cá biển để giảm dần sự phụ thuộc vào thức ăn sống và đi đến có thể thay thế hoàn toàn thức ăn sống.
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