by admin in Basic Grammar
Trong tiếng Anh có những từ gọi là căn ngữ (root), căn ngữ này có thể được ghép thêm một cụm từ ở trước gọi là tiếp đầu ngữ (prefix). Tùy thuộc vào nghĩa của căn ngữ và tiếp đầu ngữ mà có một từ có nghĩa khác. Tương tự cụm từ được ghép ở cuối căn ngữ gọi là tiếp vĩ ngữ (suffix). Ví dụ:
Căn ngữ happy nghĩa là hạnh phúc. Tiếp đầu ngữ un- có nghĩa là không. Tiếp vĩ ngữ -ness có nghĩa là sự việc,… Từ đó ta có:
unhappy :bất hạnh
happiness :niềm hạnh phúc
Và có cả những từ vừa có thêm tiếp đầu ngữ vừa có tiếp vĩ ngữ. Ví dụ:
unhappiness :sự bất hạnh.
Tất cả các từ bắt nguồn từ một căn ngữ được gọi những từ cùng gia đình (familiar).
Như vậy nếu biết được một số tiếp đầu ngữ và tiếp vĩ ngữ, khi gặp bất kỳ một từ nào mà ta đã biết căn ngữ của nó ta cũng có thể đoán được nghĩa của từ mới này. Đây cũng là một cách hữu hiệu để làm tăng vốn từ của chúng ta lên. Nhưng lưu ý rằng điều này chỉ có thể áp dụng cho một chiều là từ tiếng Anh đoán nghĩa tiếng Việt.
Không phải lúc nào chúng ta cũng có thể tự tiện ghép các tiếp đầu ngữ hay các tiếp vĩ ngữ vào bất kỳ căn ngữ nào được.
Prefixes
Các tiếp đầu ngữ dis-, in-, un- đều có nghĩa là không. Nhưng với un- nghĩa không mạnh hơn các tiếp đầu ngữ dis-,in-. Căn ngữ ghép với un- có nghĩa gần như ngược lại nghĩa gốc.
Ví dụ: clean :sạch unclean :dơ bẩn agree :đồng ý disagree :không đồng ý mis- :nhầm to understand :hiểu to misunderstand :hiểu lầm re- : làm lại to read :đọc to reread :đọc lại to write :viết to rewrite :viết lại Suffixes
-able: có thể được
Tiếp vĩ ngữ này thường được ghép nối với các động từ để tạo thành tính từ. to agree :đồng ý
agreeable :có thể đồng ý to love :yêu
lovable :có thể yêu được, đáng yêu -ness:sự
Tiếp vĩ ngữ này thường ghép với tính từ để tạo thành danh từ. lovable :đáng yêu
Đối với các tính từ kết thúc bằng -able khi đổi sang danh từ người ta còn làm bằng cách đổi -able thành -ability.
Ví dụ:
able :có thể, có khả năng ability :khả năng.
-ish: hơi hơi
Thường ghép với tính từ white :trắng whitish :hơi trắng yellow :vàng yellowish :hơi vàng -ly: hàng
Thường ghép với các danh từ chỉ thời gian. day :ngày daily :hàng ngày
week :tuần weekly :hàng tuần month :tháng monthly :hàng tháng year :năm yearly :hàng năm -less : không có
Thường ghép với tính từ care :cẩn thận
careless :bất cẩn
Để tìm hiểu thêm về các tiếp đầu ngữ và tiếp vĩ ngữ khác xem thêm phần Prefixes Dictionary và Suffixes Dictionary.
. Find out only 4 words which is pronounced /ei/. ( 1,0 pt)
a. inspiration b. admire c. decorate d. crack e. separate f. pray g. gather h. fashion Answers: inspiration, decorate, pray, seperate
II. Put the verbs in the brackets into correct forms. (1,5 pts)
1. Look! Do you know the girl who ( talk ) ...is talking.... to Mrs. Hoa in the school yard? 2. When she came, I ( read ) was reading her letter.
4. Ba writes very quickly. He ( already/ finish ) has already finished his essay. 5. I suggested ( go ) going to a restaurant by the seaside.
6. The Eiffel Tower ( visit ) is visited by millions of people every year.
III. Each of the following sentences contains one mistake. Find out and correct it. (1,5 pts) 1. Who is going to look for your children while you are away? after
2. She doesn’t enjoy to read detective stories in her free time. reading 3. She is the lady who husband is a director. whose
4. You could’t tell me the time, did you? could
5. If she were rich, she will live in a bigger house. would 6. They used to having big parties when they lived in London.
IV. Fill in each blank in the passage below with a suitable word in the box.(1,0pt)
It is estimated that about 200 million people who use the Internet computer network around the world. The Internet allows people to work at home (1).instead of travelling to work. The Internet allows businesses to (2)communicate with customers and workers in any part of the world for the cost of a local telephone call. People can use the Internet to do (3)shopping .This saves a lot of time. It is possible to use the Internet for (4)education . Students may connect with their teachers from home to send or receive e-mails or talk about their problems through “on-line” rather than attend a class.
V. Read the passage and answer the questions below. ( 2,0 pts)
Christmas is the biggest festival of the year in most of Britain. Celebrations start on 24 December, Christmas Eve. It is a family celebration and many of customs centre on chilren. When they go to bed on Christmas Eve, children hang up a pillow case or a sack for their presents. When the children are asleep, Santa Claus climbs down the chimney and puts presents in the sacks that children have left out. On Christmas morning, some families go to the church. The traditional Christmas dinner consists of roast turkey and Christmas pudding– a dark, rich mixture of flour, fruit, sugar, nuts and brandy. December 26, which is called Boxing Day, is also a holiday. On Boxing Day, most people go out to see friends, watch sport events, go to the theater to see a pantomine or go shopping.
1. On which day does Christmas begin? Christmas begins on 24 december
2. What do children do before going to bed?
They hang up a pillow case or a sack for their presents 3. What is Christmas pudding made from?
It is made from flour , friut, sugar nuts and brandy 4. What do people do on Boxing Day?
On Boxing Day, most people go out to see friends, watch sport events, go to the theater to see a pantomine or go shopping.
VI. Rewite the following sentences so that the meaning stay the same as the first ones. ( 2,0pts) 1. The shirt is too small for me. I bought it yesterday.
=> The shirt which I bought yesterday is too small for me 2. “ I can’t go to school today because I am ill.”, John said. => John said
3. The mechanic is being repaired Judy’s car. => Judy’s car is being repaired by the mechanic
4. My sister was tired but she helped me with my homework.
=> Although my sister was tired , she helped me with my homework VII. Complete the sentences, using the words given. (1,0pt)
1. If / we / have / large / garden / we / would / plant / lot / flowers. => If we had a large garden, we would plant a lot of flowers 2. I / not see / Mai / since / we / leave / high school.
=> I haven’t seen Mai since we left the high school __________________
lá iu kây lá sẽ hem xa rời kây
whatever happens, I always stand by your side!!!!!!!!! Nguyên văn bởi moonlight_1001
I. Find out only 4 words which is pronounced /ei/. ( 1,0 pt)
a. inspiration b. admire c. decorate d. crack e. separate f. pray g. gather h. fashion Answers:
II. Put the verbs in the brackets into correct forms. (1,5 pts)
1. Look! Do you know the girl who ( talk ) ...is takling... to Mrs. Hoa in the school yard?
2. When she came, I ( read ) ....was reading... her letter.
3. I wish I ( have ) ...had... a car. It would make my life so much easier.
4. Ba writes very quickly. He ( already/ finish ) ...has already finished... his essay. 5. I suggested ( go ) ...going... to a restaurant by the seaside.
6. The Eiffel Tower ( visit ) ...is visited... by millions of people every year. III. Each of the following sentences contains one mistake. Find out and correct it. (1,5 pts) 1. Whois going to => willlook for=>after your children while you are away?
2. She doesn’t enjoy to read=>reading detective stories in her free time. 3. She is the lady who=>whose husband is a director.
4. You could’t tell me the time, did=> could you?
5. If she were rich, she will=>would live in a bigger house.
6. They used to having=>have big parties when they lived in London.
IV. Fill in each blank in the passage below with a suitable word in the box.(1,0pt) education communicate instead of shopping
It is estimated that about 200 million people who use the Internet computer network around the world. The Internet allows people to work at home (1) ...without... travelling to work. The Internet allows businesses to (2) ...communicate... with customers and workers in any part of the world for the cost of a local telephone call. People can use the Internet to do (3) ...shopping... This saves a lot of time. It is possible to use the Internet for (4) ...education... Students may connect with their teachers from home to send or receive e-mails or talk about their problems through “on-line” rather than attend a class. V. Read the passage and answer the questions below. ( 2,0 pts)
Christmas is the biggest festival of the year in most of Britain. Celebrations start on 24 December, Christmas Eve. It is a family celebration and many of customs centre on chilren. When they go to bed on Christmas Eve, children hang up a pillow case or a sack for their presents. When the children are asleep, Santa Claus climbs down the chimney and puts presents in the sacks that children have left out. On Christmas morning, some families go to the church. The traditional Christmas dinner consists of roast turkey and Christmas pudding– a dark, rich
mixture of flour, fruit, sugar, nuts and brandy. December 26, which is called Boxing Day, is also a holiday. On Boxing Day, most people go out to see friends, watch sport events, go to the theater to see a pantomine or go shopping.
1. On which day does Christmas begin? ...on 24
December... ... ... 2. What do children do before going to bed?
... ... ... ...children hang up a pillow case or a sack for their
presents... ... ... 3. What is Christmas pudding made from?
... ... ... ...a dark, rich mixture of flour, fruit, sugar, nuts and
brandy... ... ... 4. What do people do on Boxing Day?
... ... ...
... On Boxing Day, most people go out to see friends, watch sport events, go to the theater to see a pantomine or go
shopping. ... ... ...
VI. Rewite the following sentences so that the meaning stay the same as the first ones. ( 2,0pts) 1. The shirt is too small for me. I bought it yesterday.
=> The shirt ...which i bought yesterday is too small ... ... ... 2. “ I can’t go to school today because I am ill.”, John said. => John said he couldn't go to school thatday coz he was
ill... ... ... 3. The mechanic is repairing Judy’s car.
=> Judy’s car is being repaired by The
mechanic... ... ... 4. My sister was tired but she helped me with my homework.
=> Although ...
. My sister was tired she helped me with my
homework... ... ... VII. Complete the sentences, using the words given. (1,0pt)
1. If / we / have / large / garden / we / would / plant / lot / flowers. => if we had a large garden ,we would plant a lot of
flowers... ... ... 2. I / not see / Mai / since / we / leave / high school.
=> i haven't seen mai since we left high
school... ... ... The end
Nguyên văn bởi moonlight_1001
i. Find Out Only 4 Words Which Is Pronounced /ei/. ( 1,0 Pt)
A. inspiration b. Admire C. decorate d. Crack E. Separate F. pray g. Gather H. fashion Answers:
Ii. Put The Verbs In The Brackets Into Correct Forms. (1,5 Pts)
School Yard?
2. When She Came, I ( Read ) ...was Reading ... Her Letter.
3. I Wish I ( Have ) ...had... A Car. It Would Make My Life So Much Easier. 4. Ba Writes Very Quickly. He ( Already/ Finish ) ....has Already Finished ... His Essay.
5. I Suggested ( Go ) ....going ... To A Restaurant By The Seaside.
6. The Eiffel Tower ( Visit ) ...is Visited... By Millions Of People Every Year. Iii. Each Of The Following Sentences Contains One Mistake. Find Out And Correct It. (1,5 Pts) 1. Who Is Going To Look for after Your Children While You Are Away?
2. She Doesn’t Enjoy to Read readingdetective Stories In Her Free Time. 3. She Is The Lady whowhose Husband Is A Director.
4. You Couldn’t Tell Me The Time, Didcould You?
5. If She Were Rich, She willwould Live In A Bigger House.
6. They Used To havinghave Big Parties When They Lived In London.
Iv. Fill In Each Blank In The Passage Below With A Suitable Word In The Box.(1,0pt) Education Communicate Instead Of Shopping
It Is Estimated That About 200 Million People Who Use The Internet Computer Network Around The World. The Internet Allows People To Work At Home (1) ...instead Of... Travelling To Work. The Internet Allows Businesses To (2) ...communicate... With Customers And Workers In Any Part Of The World For The Cost Of A Local Telephone Call. People Can Use The Internet To Do (3) ...shopping... This Saves A Lot Of Time. It Is Possible To Use The Internet For (4) ...education... Students May Connect With Their Teachers From Home To Send Or Receive E-mails Or Talk About Their Problems Through “on-line” Rather Than Attend A Class.
V. Read The Passage And Answer The Questions Below. ( 2,0 Pts)
Christmas Is The Biggest Festival Of The Year In Most Of Britain. Celebrations Start On 24 December, Christmas Eve. It Is A Family Celebration And Many Of Customs Centre On Chilren. When They Go To Bed On Christmas Eve, Children Hang Up A Pillow Case Or A Sack For Their Presents. When The Children Are Asleep, Santa Claus Climbs Down The Chimney And Puts Presents In The Sacks That Children Have Left Out. On Christmas Morning, Some Families Go To The Church. The Traditional Christmas Dinner Consists Of Roast Turkey And Christmas Pudding– A Dark, Rich Mixture Of Flour, Fruit, Sugar, Nuts And Brandy. December 26, Which Is Called Boxing Day, Is Also A Holiday. On Boxing Day, Most People Go Out To See Friends, Watch Sport Events, Go To The Theater To See A Pantomime Or Go Shopping.
1. On Which Day Does Christmas Begin?
...24 Dec... ... 2. What Do Children Do Before Going To Bed?
...they Hang Up A Pillow Case Or A Sack For Their
Presents... ... ... ... ... ... 3. What Is Christmas Pudding Made From?
...a Dark, Rich Mixture Of Flour, Fruit, Sugar, Nuts And Brandy... ...
... ... ... 4. What Do People Do On Boxing Day?
Pantomine Or Go Shopping. ... ...
Vi. Rewite The Following Sentences So That The Meaning Stay The Same As The First Ones. ( 2,0pts)
1. The Shirt Is Too Small For Me. I Bought It Yesterday.
=> The Shirt ...which I Bought Yesterday Is Too Small For Me... 2. “ I Can’t Go To School Today Because I Am Ill.”, John Said.
=> John Said ...that He Couldn't Go To School That Day Because He Was Ill ...
3. The Mechanic Is Repairing Judy’s Car.
=> Judy’s Car ...is Being Repaired By The Mechanic... ... 4. My Sister Was Tired But She Helped Me With My Homework.
=> Although ...my Sister Was Tired, She Helped Me With My Homework. Vii. Complete The Sentences, Using The Words Given. (1,0pt)
1. If / We / Have / Large / Garden / We / Would / Plant / Lot / Flowers. => ...if We Had A Large Garden We Would Plant A Lot Of
Flowers... ... ... 2. I / Not See / Mai / Since / We / Leave / High School.
=> ....i Haven't Seen Mai .since We Left The High School... . The End
* The Past Tense
1) Simple past (thì quá khứ đơn ): [S + V2 ] a. Chức năng:
(Dùng khi hành động bắt đầu và kết thúc có thời gian xác định. )
- Diễn tả 1 hành động đã kết thúc tại một thời điểm xác định hay 1 thời gian đặc biệt trong quá khứ.
Ví dụ: He broke up his love on December 25, 2007.
- Xảy ra tại một thời kỳ (khoảng thời gian ) xác định trong qúa khứ Ví dụ: They fell in love with together in the Autumn 2007.
- Diễn tả một chuỗi hành động
Ví dụ: Yesterday, he got up late. in addition, He forgot about his wallet and his house key at home. Therefore, he walked to school.
- Diễn tả những hành động xảy ra đồng thời Ex: He left the room as I entered it.
- Diễn tả một thói quen trong quá khứ dùng với "used to" hoặc "would" Ví dụ: When I was a child, I used to taking a shower twice a week. Ví dụ: When I was a child, I would take a shower twice a week. - Diễn tả một sự thật trong quá khứ.
Ví dụ: Hàn Mạc Tử died of leprosy.
- Hành động hoặc trạng thái có thể xảy ra một lần hoặc lặp đi lặp lại. Ví dụ: She send many letters to her boy friend every day.
Used to + Vbare = đã từng …