N逢嬰e" mj違q" o瓜v" x k" pijk‒p" e泳w" vtqpi" p逢噂e." Vt亥p" Mko" Fwpi"(2005) 8«" vk院p" j pj" pijk‒p"e泳w"vj詠e"jk羽p"pj茨o"mk吋o"8鵜pj"vjcpi"8q"Ej雨"u嘘"O»"v違"E»pi"xk羽e"*Lqd"Fguetkrvkqp"
Index -LFK+"*Uokvj"R0E0"Mgpfcn"N0O0"("Jwnkp"E0N"3;8;."f磯p"vjgq"Vt亥p"Mko"Fwpi, 2005)
x "8q"n逢運pi"違pj"j逢荏pi"e栄c"o泳e"8瓜"vj臼c"o«p"x噂k"eƒe"{院w"v嘘"vj pj"rj亥p"e栄c"e»pi"xk羽e" 8p"oe"8"vjc"p"ejwpi"vtqpi"eằpi"xke""Xkv"Pco0"Pijkp"ew"u"fpi"rjpi" rjr"pijkp"ew"oằ"jÃpj"rjpi"vtÃpj"ew"vte"*UGO+"x "fc"vtp"ow"io"66:"pjƠp" xk‒p"8cpi"n o"xk羽e"vq p"vj運k"ikcp"vt‒p"8鵜c"d p"vj pj"rj嘘"J欝"Ej "Okpj0"M院v"sw違"ejq"vj医{" Ej雨"u嘘"O»"v違"E»pi"xk羽e"8逢嬰e"8k隠w"ej雨pj"vtqpi"8k隠w"mk羽p"e栄c"Xk羽v"Pco"dcq"i欝o"8"vj pj" rj亥p<"vjぎc"o«p"xずk"dＶp"ejＸv"e»pi"xkうe."vjぎc"o«p"xずk"n«pj"8Ｔq."xずk"e￢"jじk"8 q"vＴq- vj<pi" vkｘp."xずk"8げpi"pijkうr."xずk"vkｚp"n⇔￢pi"x "vjぎc"o«p"xずk"rj¿e"nぢk0"Vtqpi"8„."ej雨"e„"jck"{院w"
22
o«p"xずk"dＶp"ejＸv"e»pi"xkうe (r=0.36); và vjぎc"o«p"xずk"e￢"jじk"8 q"vＴq."vj<pi"vkｘp (r=0.33).
Vpi"v."EjƠw"Vwp"Jw{"(2008) 8«"pijk‒p"e泳w"n”pi"vkp"x "eƒe"vk隠p"v嘘"e栄c"u詠"j k"n”pi ec"pjƠp"xkp"vtqpi"ee"Eằpi"v{"vk"Xkv"Pco0"EjƠw"Vwp"Jw{"(2008) 8c"tc"8"{w"v." vtqpi"8"e"4"{w"v"x"npi"vkp"e"pj"jpi"vte"vkr"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp" vtqpi"eƒe"E»pi"v{"v衣k"Xk羽v"Pco."dcq"i欝o<"*3+"Oとe"vtＶ"e»pi="*4+"Akｚw"mkうp"n o"xkうe="*5+" A q"vＴq"x "vj<pi"vkｘp="*6+"Oとe"8じ"8⇔ぢe"v»p"vtがpi="*7+"N”pi"vkp"8ぐk"xずk"8げpi"pijkうr"x " *8+"N”pi"vkp"8ぐk"xずk"n«pj"8Ｔq0"Vw{"pjk‒p."pijk‒p"e泳w"p {"ej逢c"8隠"e壱r"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"
e pi"pj"npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjƠp"xkp"vtqpi"n pj"xe"eằpi."8e"dkv"vtqpi"dk"epj"
ngành y v院0
V逢挨pi"v詠, Phan Cơng Thành (2010) pijk‒p"e泳w"o嘘k"swcp"j羽"ik英c"pk隠o"vkp."u詠"j k" npi"x "npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjÔp"xkp"ẻ O瓜v"pijk‒p"e泳w"vtqpi"pi pj"f鵜ej"x映"mjƒej"u衣p" v衣k"A "N衣v0"X噂k"pijk‒p"e泳w"p {"vƒe"ik違"8逢c"tc"26"{院w"v嘘<"Pkｚo"vkp"x q"mjＶ"p<pi"8げpi" pijkうr."*4+"Pkｚo"vkp"x q"#"vjとe"vtƒej"pjkうo"eてc"8げpi"pijkうr."*5+"Pkｚo"vkp"8ぐk"xずk"pj " swＶp"n#."*6+"Uば"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp."e"ve"8pi"8p"npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjƠp"xkp0"
Tuy nhiên, ttqpi"pijk‒p"e泳w"p {."vƒe"ik違"ej雨"zgo"zfiv"pj医p"o衣pj"v亥o"swcp"vt丑pi"e栄c"#" vje"pko"vkp"x "u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp"8p"npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"j"o "d"swc"ee" {院w"v嘘"x隠"o»k"vt逢運pi."8«k"pi瓜"x "x<p"j„c"fqcpj"pijk羽r0"D‒p"e衣pj"8„."vtqpi"n pj"x詠e"j pi"
khơng, Vt鵜pj"V¿"Cpj"("N‒"Vj鵜"Rj逢挨pi"Nkpj"*4236+ 8ơ"zƠ{"fpi"oằ"jÃpj"8q"npi"u" j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp"vtqpi"eằpi"xke"vk"Epi"j pi"mjằpi"ẻ p"dc{"Rngkmw0"Mv"sw" pijk‒p"e泳w"ejq"vj医{"eƒe"{院w"v嘘<"*3+"Vkｚp"n⇔￢pi."Ikƒo"uƒv."DＶp"ejＸv"e»pi"xkうe."e„"違pj" j逢荏pi"8院p éU"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjƠp"xkpẹ="*4+"U"jw"jÃpj."U"8r"pi e„"違pj" j逢荏pi"8ƒpi"m吋"8院p"ÐEjＸv"n⇔ぢpi"fおej"xつ"pじk"dじĐ; và (3) EjＸv"n⇔ぢpi"fおej"xつ"pじk"dじ tác
8瓜pi"n‒p"ÐU"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp"vtqpi"eằpi"xkeẹ0"Vw{"pjkp."pijkp"ew"p {"ocpi" v pj"ej医v"8員e"vj́"e栄c"pi pj"pij隠"j pi"mj»pi"swƒ"n噂p."mj„"e„"vj吋"ƒr"f映pi"o»"j·pj"ejq" pj英pi"pijk‒p"e泳w"mjƒe"mj»pi"épi"n pj"x詠e0
Trong mjk"8„, Vt亥p"Vj鵜"D ej"Pi丑e"*4236) e pi"8«"pijk‒p"e泳w"eƒe"{院w"v嘘"違pj"j逢荏pi" 8院p"n”pi"vtwpi"vj pj"e栄c"pi逢運k"ncq"8瓜pi"vtqpi"eƒe"fqcpj"pijk羽r"e»pi"pij羽"vj»pi"vkp"v衣k" vj pj"rj嘘 J欝"Ej "Okpj0"M院v"sw違"pijk‒p"e泳w"ejq"vj医{"eƒe"x医p"8隠"x隠"8«k"pi瓜."8ƒpj"ikƒ." vj<pi"vkp."8 q"vq"rjv"vtkp"e"pj"jpi"8pi"m"8p"npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjÔp"xkp0
23
jpi"8p"oe"8"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp"{"v"vk"vj pj"rj"Ep"Vj0"Mv"sw"pijkp" ew"ejq"vj{."e"7"pjÔp"v"e"pj"jpi"vk"oe"8"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp"{"v<"oằk" vtpi" swp" n#." rjpi" vkp" n o" xk羽e." vk隠p" n逢挨pi." 8欝pi" pijk羽r" x " 8 q" vq" rjv" vtkp0" Vtqpi"8."ee"pjÔp"v"pj"vkp"npi."8pi"pijkr."rjpi"vkp"n o"xke"e"pj"jpi" opj"pjv"8p"oe"8"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjÔp"xkp" {"v"vk"vj pj"rj"Ep"Vj0 V逢挨pi"v詠. D́k"Vj鵜"Okpj"Vjw"("N‒"Piw{宇p"Aqcp"Mj»k"*4238+ pijkp"ew"ee"pjÔp"v" pj"jpi"8p"npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjƠp"xkp"vpi"eằpi"v{"nr"o{"Xkv"Pco"*Nkncoc+" e pi"ej"tc"tpi"e"uw"vj pj"rjp"e"pj"jpi"8p"npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjƠp"xkp"8k" xk"v"eje<"Ejｘ"8じ"8«k"piじ."rjぐk"jぢr."uば"vtcq"sw{ｚp."x<p"j„c fqcpj"pijkうr."uば"jざ"vtぢ" eてc"vご"ejとe."vj⇔￢pi"jkうw"vご"ejとe0"Vtqpi"8„."ejｘ"8じ"8«k"piじ và x<p"j„c"fqcpj"pijkうr là
{w"v"pj"jpi"vjgp"ejv"8p"npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjƠp"xkp0"Ngồi ra."vtqpi"n pj"x詠e" j pj"ej pj"u詠"pijk羽r."Piw{宇p"Rj¿e"Piw{‒p"("F逢挨pi"Rj¿"V́pi"*4237+ 8«"zƒe"8鵜pj"eƒe" pjƠp"v"pj"jpi"8p"u"vjc"p"eằpi"xke"ec"ep"d"eằpi"eje."xkp"eje"8cpi" eằpi"ve"vk"ee"e"swcp"j pjej pj"u詠"pijk羽r"v衣k"vj pj"rj嘘J瓜k"Cpf詠c"vt‒p"mj違q"uƒv"435 pjƠp"xkp"ec"ee"e"swcp"vtp"vtp"8c"d p"Vj pj"rj0"Mv"sw"pijkp"ew"ec"Piw{p" Rje"Piw{p"("Fpi"Rj"Vpi"*4237+ ej"tc"ee"pjÔp"v"pj"jpi"8p"u"j k"npi" vtqpi"eằpi"xke"8"n <"Aげpi"pijkうr."Vkｚp"n⇔￢pi."Aｐe"8kあo"e»pi"xkうe."Akｚw"mkうp"n o"xkうe."
A q"vＴq"vj<pi"vkｘp.
D‒p"e衣pj"8„."vtqpi"n pj"x詠e"{"v院."Vt亥p"X<p"D·pj"x "e瓜pi"u詠 (2016) e pi 8ƒpj"ikƒ" u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp"{"v"vk"ee"dpj"xkp"vjwe"vpj"Mqp"Vwo"p<o"4238"x "ej"tc" tpi"8ko"vtwpi"dÃpj"x "v"n"j k"npi"ejwpi"ec"pjƠp"xkp"["v"vk"dpj"xkp"n "5.;6"" 2.2;"x ":8.4'0"Vtqpi"8"j k"npi"vjgq"ee"oe"*oằk"vtpi"n o"xke="x"nơpj"8q"vte" vk院r." 8欝pi" pijk羽r=" sw{" ej院" p瓜k" d瓜." vk隠p" n逢挨pi." rj¿e" n嬰k=" e»pi" xk羽e." e挨" j瓜k" j丑e" v壱r" x " vj<pi"vk院p="ejwpi"x隠"d羽pj"xk羽p+"n "v瑛"5.:6"8院p"6.27"x "v瑛":5.;'"8院p":9.9'="vjgq"8挨p"x鵜" n "v瑛"5.85"8院p"6.48"x "84.9'"8院p";2.5'="e„"o嘘k"nk‒p"swcp"ik英c"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp"
{"v x "eƒe"{院w"v嘘<"Ap"x"eằpi"ve."u"p<o"eằpi"ve"ec"pjÔp"xkp"{"v"vk"8p"x"jkp" pc{."vp"uwv"np"vte1vjpi."d"rjp"eằpi"ve vtqpi"8￢p"xお. Oe"f"x{."vtqpi"pijkp" ew"p {"xp"ejc"vj"8c"tc"dpi"ejpi"ze"8pj"ee"pjÔp"v"pj"jpi"8p"u"j k"npi" x "npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjƠp"xkp"{"v"vk"8p"x"{"v"eằpi"nr0 Vtqpi"mjk"8„."Piw{宇p"Vj鵜" Pi丑e"Fk宇o"*4238+ 8«"mjƒo"rjƒ"eƒe" {院w"v嘘"違pj j逢荏pi"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e"e栄c" pi逢運k"ncq"8瓜pi"vtqpi" 曳{ dcp"pjƠp"fƠp"swp"DÃpj"VƠp."vj pj"rj"J"Ej "Okpj."Xkv"
24
Pco"8"mko"vtc"ok"swcp"j"ikc"u"j k"npi"x "npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjÔp"xkp"x "ewpi" er"ee"ikk"rjr"8"ek"vjkp"oe"8"j k"npi"x "npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjÔp"xkp"vtqpi" 8挨p"x鵜0"O»"j·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"dcq"i欝o"uƒw"dk院p"e„"d嘘p"dk院p"8瓜e"n壱r"*vtcq"sw{隠p."n逢挨pi"x " vj逢荏pi."8 q"v衣q."x "e挨"j瓜k"vj<pi"vk院p"pij隠"pijk羽r+."o瓜v"dk院p"rj映"vjw瓜e"*n”pi"vtwpi"vj pj+" x "o瓜v"dk院p"vtwpi"ikcp"*j k"n”pi+0"M院v"sw違"pijk‒p"e泳w"ejq"vj医{"e„"o嘘k"v逢挨pi"swcp"v ej" e詠e"8ƒpi"m吋"ik英c"u詠"j k"n”pi"x噂k"vk隠p"n逢挨pi."vj逢荏pi"e pi"pj逢"8 q"v衣q"x "vtcq"sw{隠p0"Vw{" pjkp."e"jk"vj<pi"vkp"pij"pijkr"e"ve"8pi"mjằpi"8pi"m"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp" xkp"vtqpi"pijkp"ew"p {0"
2.3.2. Các nghiên cとw"p⇔ずc ngoài.
Pijk‒p"e泳w"x隠"eƒe"{院w"v嘘"違pj"j逢荏pi"8院p"u詠"j k"npi"x "npi"vtwpi"vj pj"xk"eằpi" xke"ec"pjƠp"xkp"8ơ"vt"vj pj"8"v k"mj"rj"dkp"vtqpi"ikk"je"vjwv"e pi"pj逢"mkpj" fqcpj"vt‒p"vq p"vj院"ik噂k0"Rad & De Moraes (2009) 8ơ"pijkp"ew"ee"{w"v"pj"jpi" 8p"u"j k"npi"vtqpi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjƠp"xkp"vk"ee"dpj"xkp"eằpi0"Vjgq"Rad & De Moraes (2009) u詠"mj»pi"j k"npi"vtqpi"eằpi"xke"n "piw{p"pjÔp"ej pj"iÔ{"tc"u"vtp" xke"x "vjc{"8k ec"ee"pjÔp"xkp"{"v"v"8"pj"jpi"8p"eco"mv x噂k v"eje"ec" pjÔp"xkp"x "ejv"npi"ecf鵜ej"x映"ej<o"u„e"u泳e"mj臼g0"V瑛"8„."Rad & De Moraes (2009)
vk院p"j pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"8吋"8k隠w"vtc"e映"vj吋 eƒe"{院w"v嘘"nk‒p"swcp"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"và khơng hài lịng x噂k"e»pi"xk羽e ec"pjÔp"xkp {"v院"v衣k"Kuhcjcp"Wpkxgtukv{"Jqurkvcnu"*nWJu+"荏"Kuhcjcp."
Iran vj»pi"swc"o»"j·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"n#"vjw{院v"*J·pj"404+. M院v"sw違"pijk‒p"e泳w"ejq"vj医{"
nhân viên khá j k"n”pi"x噂k"e»pi"xk羽e"e栄c"j丑"và 8員e"dk羽v"t医v"j k"n”pix噂k"j羽"vj嘘pi"sw違p"n#,
ej泳e"fcpj"e»pi"xk羽e và s詠"j厩"vt嬰"e栄c"8欝pi"pijk羽r0"D‒p"e衣pj"8„."8ƒpj"ikƒ"e栄c"j丑"x隠 vk隠p" n逢挨pi."8k隠w"mk羽p"n o"xk羽e"x "vj<pi"vk院p"n "vk‒w"e詠e"pj医v. M院v"sw違"pijk‒p"e泳w"e pi"ej雨"tc" t茨pi"eƒe"{院w"v嘘"pj逢 n⇔￢pi"ecq."8kｚw"mkうp"n o"xkうe"vぐv."uば"e»pi"pjｆp"x "vj<pi"vkｘpn "o瓜v" vtqpi"pj英pi"{院w v"vq"8pi"ne"ejq"pjÔp"xkp0
25
Hình 2.2<"O»"j·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"e栄c"Rad & De Moraes (2009)
Vtqpi"mjk"8„."Turkyilmaz x "e瓜pi"u詠 (2011) 8«"pijk‒p"e泳w eƒe"{院w"v嘘"違pj j逢荏pi" 8院p u"j k"npi"x "vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjƠp"xkp"vtqpi"mjw"xe"eằpi pj茨o"v<pi"e逢運pi"jk羽w" sw違" ec" j" vjpi" swp" n#" pjÔp" u." " ee" pe" 8cpi" rjƒv" vtk吋p" pj逢" Vj鰻" Pj " M 0"
Turkyilmaz x "e瓜pi"u詠 (2011) 8«"8隠"zw医v"o瓜v"o»"j·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w (Hình 2.3) f詠c"x q"n#" vjw{v"ikk"vj ej"u"j k"npi"x "npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"pjƠp"xkp"*GUN+0"Pijkp"ew"8e" vkp"j pj"v"p<o"422;"x "dcq"io"442"pjÔp"xkp"vjwe"ejk"pjpj"ec"Uqekcn"Ugewtkv{" Kpuvkvwvkqp""Vj"Pj "M 0"Oằ"jÃpj"pijkp"ew"8"zwv"8e"rjv"vtkp"dcq"io"ee"{w" v嘘"違pj"j逢荏pi 8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkpx "swcp"j羽"e栄c"u詠"j k"n”pi"8嘘k"x噂k"n”pi"vtwpi" vj pj"ec"pjÔp"xkp 8逢嬰e"mk吋o"8鵜pj"d茨pi"o»"j·pj"e医w"vt¿e"vw{院p"v pj"*UGO+0"M院v"sw違" pijk‒p"e泳w"ejq"vj医{"e„"o嘘k"swcp"j羽"ej員v"ej胤"ik英c"uば"j k"n”pi và lòng trung thành e栄c"
nhân viên vjw瓜e"ejk"pjƒpj"e栄c"Uqekcn"Ugewtkv{"Kpuvkvwvkqp"荏"Vj鰻"Pj "M . [院w"v嘘"8 q"v衣q" x "rjv"vtkp"dp"vjÔp 8逢嬰e"v·o"vj医{ là {院w"v嘘"違pj"j逢荏pi"o衣pj"pj医v"8院pu詠"j k"n”pi"e栄c" mjƒej"j pi0"Pijk‒p"e泳w"e pi"v·o"vj医{"o瓜v"o嘘k"swcp"j羽"v ej"e詠e"ikのc"8kｚw"mkうp"n o"xke
26
Hỡnh 2.3<"Oằ"jÃpj"pijkp"ew"ec"Vwtm{knocƯ"x "epi"u (2011)
E pi"vtqpi"n pj"xe"{"v."Nqtdgt"("Umgnc"Ucxk7"*4234+ 8ô"pijkp"ew"u"j k"npi" eằpi"xke"ec"ee"{"v"x "zƒe"8鵜pj"eƒe"{院w"v嘘"違pj"j逢荏pi"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e"e栄c" eƒe"{"vƒ"v衣k"eƒe"d羽pj"xk羽p"荏"Unqxgpkcp0"Pijk‒p"e泳w"dcq"i欝o"6"d羽pj"xk羽p"8逢嬰e"n詠c"ej丑p"v瑛" fcpj"uej"48"dpj"xkp""Unqxgpkc0"Ee"pjÔp"xkp"ec"ee"dpj"xkp"p {"ejko"4;.:'"x " 72;"pjÔp"xkp"vtqpi"pijkp"ew"p {"ejko"8'"vpi"u"pjÔp"xkp"{"v"8kw"fpi"vk"ee" dpj"xkp""Slovenia0"M院v"sw違"pijk‒p"e泳w"ejq"vj医{"o泳e"8瓜"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e"荏"o泳e" vtwpi"dÃpj"8k"xk"nơpj"8q"*5.6;""2.7+"x "pjƠp"xkp"*5.3;""2.8+"x "e"u"mje"dkv"8pi" m"ikc"u"j k"n”pi"e栄c"j丑"(t = 3,459="R"?">2.223+0"Piq k"tc."u詠"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e"e pi" mjƒe"pjcw"vjgq"8瓜"vw鰻k"*R">2.27=" "?"2.2;3+."u嘘"p<o"n o"xk羽e"*R">2.27=" "?"2.193), tính cách e栄c"eƒe"pj "n«pj"8衣q"*R">2.223=" "?"2.345) x "p<pi"n詠e"sw違p"n#"e栄c"eƒe"pj "n«pj" 8q"*R">2.222=" "?"2.856+"vtqpi"68'"vtpi"jr0"Pijkp"ew"p {"zgo"zv"pj"jpi"ec" ee"pjƠp"v"vjwe"x"pjƠp"mjw"je"8"8pj"ik"ve"8pi"mje"pjcw"8p"u"j k"npi"ec" pjƠp" xkp" {" v0 V逢挨pi" v詠."Bagheri, Kousha, Janati, & Asghari-Jafarabadi (2012) 8ơ" pijkp"ew"ee"{w"v"pj"jpi"8p"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjƠp"xkp"vtqpi"j"vjpi" {"v院"v衣k"Vcdtk¦."Ktcp"x "m院v"nw壱p"t茨pi"eＸw"vt¿e"x "uば"swＶp"n#"eてc"vご"ejとe, uば"vば"fq"n o" xkうe."o»k"vt⇔ぜpi"n o"xkうe và rj¿e"nぢk違pj"j逢荏pi"8ƒpi"m吋"8院p"o泳e"8瓜"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e0" Piq k"tc."o瓜v"{院w"v嘘"o噂k"nk‒p"swcp"8院p"8e"8ko"e"pjÔp l 8e"8ko"x "u"rjv"vtkp" dp"vjÔp e pi"8逢嬰e"zƒe"8鵜pj"e„"違pj"j逢荏pi"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e0"Tuy nhiên, Ali & Wajidi (2013) e pi"8«"pijk‒p"e泳w"eƒe"{院w"v嘘"違pj"j逢荏pi"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e"vtqpi"
27
pi pj"{"v院"e»pi"e瓜pi"e栄c"Rcmkuvcp"x "ejq"t茨pi"e￢"jじk"rjƒv"vtkあp"pijｚ"pijkうr."vjぜk"ikcp" n o"xkうe và các mｘ"jqＴej"vj<pi"vkｘp"eてc"vご"ejとe e„"vƒe"8瓜pi"n噂p"8院p"uば"j k"n”pi"e»pi" xkうe trong mjk"o»k"vt⇔ぜpi"n o"xkうen衣k"e„"#"pij c"vj医r"vƒe"8瓜pi"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e0"
Mekuria Mengistu (2015) pijk‒p"e泳w"eƒe"{院w"v嘘"nk‒p"swcp"8院p"u詠"j k"npi"eằpi"xke" ec" pjÔp" xkp" {" v" v衣k" D羽pj" xk羽p" e»pi" Yguv" Ujqc" ¥qpg." vk吋w" dcpi" mjw" xe" Qtqokc." Gvjkqrkc"8ơ"ejq"vj{"pjpi"piw{p"pjƠp chính làm nhân viên khơng hài lịng là j羽"vj嘘pi" vt違"n逢挨pi"vj医r, vjk院w e挨"j瓜k"8 q"v衣q"x "vjk院w"逢w"8«k."rjqpi"eƒej"sw違p"n#"swcp"nk‒w."j羽" vj嘘pi"8ƒpj"ikƒ"jk羽w"uw医v e»pi"xk羽e"mfio"x "8k隠w"mk羽p"n o"xk羽e nghèo nàn. Ngoài ra, các
{院w" v嘘" mjƒe" pj逢" 8瓜" vw鰻k." pij隠" pijk羽r." vt·pj" 8瓜" j丑e" x医p." #" 8鵜pj" v逢挨pi" nck." p<o"kinh
pijk羽o."u詠"vjco"gia 8逢嬰e"v·o"vj医{"e pi"e„" 違pj"j逢荏pi"8ƒpi"m吋"8院p u詠"j k"n”pi"e»pi" xk羽e0"V逢挨pi"v詠."Munir & Rahman (2016) ejq"tpi"u"d"xke"ec"pjÔp"xkp"vjpi"ip" nkp"xk"u"dv"p"ec"pjƠp"xkp j挨p"n "eƒe"{院w"v嘘"mjƒe. A瓜pi"n詠e"uw{"ik違ou胤"f磯p"8院p" p<pi"uw医v vjr."e<pi"vjpi"x "zwpi"8v""pk"n o"xke"ecq"jp0"Pjpi"pjƠp"xkp"dv"p e„"vj吋"sw{院v"8鵜pj"v瑛"d臼."e違o"z¿e"vk‒w"e詠e"jq員e"x磯p"vtwpi"vj pj"x "d臼"d‒"e»pi"xk羽e. Do
8„."xk羽e"rjƒv"vtk吋p"v鰻"ej泳e 8o"dq"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjÔp"xkp"8"ocpi"nk"nk" ej"ejq"e"pjÔp"x "v"ejen "x»"épi"swcp"vt丑pi. Munir & Rahman (2016) 8«"vk院p"j ph
pijk‒p"e泳w"8吋"zƒe"8鵜pj ee"pjƠp"v"pj"jpi"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp"x "mv"sw" ejq"vj{ d嘘p"{院w"v嘘"n : pjのpi nぢk" ej."uば"jざ"vtぢ"eてc"8げpi"pijkうr. uば"jざ"vtぢ"eてc"swＶp"n#"
và 8kｚw"mkうp"n o"xkうe jざ"vtぢ"ejq"rjƒv"vtkあp"pijｚ"pijkうr n "eƒe"{院w"v嘘"ej pj"違pj"j逢荏pi" 8院p"uば"ぞ"nＴk và eco"mｘv"iｈp"d„"xずk"vご"ejとe. V逢挨pi"v詠."Lu x "e瓜pi"u詠 (2016) 8«"pijk‒p" e泳w"u詠"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"x "ee"{w"v"nkp"swcp"8p"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"ee"pjƠp" xkp"{"v"vk"vpj"Swpi"Aằpi."Vtwpi"Swe0"Lu x "e瓜pi"u詠 (2016) 8«"ej雨"tc"t茨pi"eƒe"{院u
v嘘"z«"j瓜k"pj逢"pijｚ"pijkうr."ikƒq"fつe."oとe"8じ"ejw{‒po»p"pijｚ"pijkうr."p<o"mkpj"pijkうo." vjw"pjｆr"j pi"p<o và vＺp"uぐ"ec"8‒o 違pj"j逢荏pi"8ƒpi"m吋"8院p"uば"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xkうe. Áp
nばe"e»pi"xkうe"e<pi"vjｌpi, zwpi"8じv"ikのc"ikc"8·pj"x "e»pi"xkうe e pi"pj逢"oぐk"swcp"jう"dƒe"
u "- dpj" pjÔp e pi" 違pj" j逢荏pi" 8ƒpi" m吋" 8院p"uば" j k" n”pi" e»pi" xkうe. D‒p" e衣pj" 8„."
Wamunyu (2016) e pi"ej"tc"ee"{w"v"pj"jpi"8p"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjƠp" xk‒p"{"v院"v衣k"d羽pj"xk羽p"e»pi"e医r"d嘘p"Mkcodw"荏"sw壱p"Mkcodw."Mgp{c"dcq"i欝o<"8kｚw"mkうp" n o"xke."oằ"v"eằpi"xke."vj"ncq"x "e"jk"vj<pi"vkp"dp"vjƠp f詠c"x q"o»"j·pj"pijk‒p" e泳w"8隠"zw医v"*Hình 2.4).
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Hình 2.4<"O»"j·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"e栄c"Wamunyu (2016)
Ip" 8Ơ{."Oktizulvia, Dachriyanus, & Vionalisa (2017) 8«" pijk‒p" e泳w" eƒe" {院w" v嘘" 違pj"j逢荏pi"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e"x "#"8鵜pj"d臼"xk羽e"e栄c {"vƒ"荏"eƒe"d羽pj"xk羽p"j衣pi"E"荏" o瓜v"u嘘"sw嘘e"ikc0"Oktizulvia x "e瓜pi"u詠, (2017) ejq"t茨pi"u詠"j k"n”pi"x噂k"e»pi"xk羽e"e„" v逢挨pi" swcp" pij鵜ej" 8ƒpi" m吋" x噂k" #" 8鵜pj" d臼" xk羽e" e栄c" {" vƒ" vtqpi" mjk" 8„" {院w" v嘘" ikcq" vk院r" *vj»pi"vkp"nk‒p"n衣e+"e„"vƒe"8瓜pi"vk‒w"e詠e"pj医v"8院p"#"8鵜pj"d臼"xk羽e"e栄c"j丑0
2.4. Gi違 thuy院t và mơ hình nghiên c泳u
2.4.1. Các giＶ thuyｘt nghiên cとu.
2.4.1.1. M嘘i quan h羽 gi英c"n逢挨pi"d鰻ng và s詠 hài lịng c栄a nhân viên.
Theo Spector (1997); Dgtmqykv¦"x "e瓜pi"u詠"*3;:9+ n逢挨pi"d鰻pi"x "u詠"j k"n”pi"e栄c"
nhân viên mj»pi"e„"v逢挨pi"swcp"o衣pj"x噂k"pjcw."e„"pij c"n "npi"dpi" v"e"ve"8pi"8p" u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp0"Akw"p {"e"vj"e"vj"n "fq 8嘘k"x噂k"pj英pi"pi pj"pij隠"n pj" x詠e 8員e"vj́x噂k"o泳e"8«k"pi瓜"e詠e"ecq"pj逢pi"8k隠w"mk羽p"n o"xk羽e"x»"épimj逸e"pijk羽v"e pi"
khơng làm hài lịng nhân viên="Ov"mje."pw"pjƠp"xkp"n o"xke"vtqpi"8kw"mkp"e<pi" vjpi"x "d壱p"t瓜p"8院p"o泳e"j丑"mj»pi"e„"mj違"p<pi"vk‒w"vk隠p"vj·"n逢挨pi"d鰻pi"mj»pi"e”p"o医{" #"pij c"p英c="Piq k"tc."8嘘k"x噂k"pj英pi"e»pi"xk羽e"8”k"j臼k"8co"o‒."uƒpi"v衣q.Èpj逢"pijk‒p" ew"mjqc"je."x "vt."epi"jkp."rjv"okpj.ẩvjÃ"pjÔp"xkp"ej"{w"n o"xke"xÃ"8co"o." u"vj ej"jp"n "xÃ"8ơk"pi0"Vw{"pjkp."8"ej"n "pjpi"vtpi"jr"8e"vj."vtqpi"vje"v" mjằpi"vj"rj"pjp"xck"vt"ec"npi"dpi"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp viên, 8c"u"pjÔp" xkp"8k"n o"eằpi o映e"8 ej"ew嘘k"épi"e pi"n "8吋"mk院o"vk隠p"8吋"vtcpi"vt違k"eƒeeƒe"pjw"e亥w"
29
x"zô"jk"ẻ x壱v"ej医v"Ỵ vkpj"vj亥p, nj医v"n "vtqpi"d嘘k"e違pj"ncq"8瓜pi"荏"Xk羽v"Pco"x嘘p"8逢嬰e" zgo"n "ncq"8瓜pi"ikƒ"t飲"x "x医p"8隠"8«k"pi瓜"ncq"8瓜pi"x磯p"e”p"pjk隠w"j衣p"ej院. Dq"8„"p院w" pjƠp"xkp"eo"vj{"oe"npi"dpi"n "rj"jr"pjkw"mj"p<pi"j"u"e pi"j k"npi"xk" e»pi"xk羽e"*曳pi"j瓜"d荏k< Vt亥p"Mko"Fwpi."4227; EjƠw"Vwp"Jw{."422:=ẩ+0"V"8."ve"ik" 8"zwv"ik"vjw{v"J1:
H1<"Npi"dpi"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjÔp"xkp
2.4.1.2. M嘘i quan h羽 gi英a phúc l嬰i và s詠 hài lịng c栄a nhân viên.
Theo Herzberg (1959) rje"nk"mjằpi"vte"vkr"ocpi"nk"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp" pjpi"pw"vjkw"u"ocpi"8p"u"mjằpi"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp"8k"xk"v"eje0"Dk"n" rje"nk"e pi"n "ov"vtqpi"pjpi"vkw"ej "8pj"ik"8ơk"pi"ec"v"eje"xk"pjƠp"xkp0" PjƠp"xkp"u"swcp"vƠo"x "c"vj ej"jp"8k"xk"pjpi"eằpi"v{"ewpi"er"rje"nk"zơ"jk" vv"jp"uq"xk"pjpi"eằpi"v{"mje0"Pw"pj""epi"ov"8kw"mkp"n o"xke"x "oe"8ơk" pi"pj"pjcw"vjÃ"pjƠp"xkp"e vj吋"u胤"n詠c"ej丑p"8挨p"x鵜"ewpi"e医r"rj¿e"n嬰k"v嘘v"pj医v"x "zgo" pj逢"8„"n "vk‒w"ej "8吋"ej丑p"n詠c"pj "vw{吋p"f映pi0"O嘘k"swcp"j羽"ik英c"rj¿e"n嬰k"x "u"j k"npi" ec"pjƠp"xkp"8ơ"8e"zgo"zv"dk"pjkw"ve"ik"mje"pjcw"pj<"Vtp"Mko"Fwpi"*4227+ ejq"t茨pi"Rje"nk"zơ"jk"e"pj"jpi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"vtqpi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjƠp" xk‒p="V逢挨pi"v詠."Vt鵜pj"V¿"Cpj"("N‒"Vj鵜"Rj逢挨pi"Nkpj"*4236+ e pi"pj壱p"8鵜pj"u詠"j k"n”pi" ec"pjÔp"xkp"d"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"dk"rje"nk"eằpi"v{0"Vjgq"ov"u"je"ik"mje."vtqpi" u"pjpi"piw{p"pjÔp"vjằpi"vjpi"x "rj"dkp"pjv"ve"8pi"8p"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e" e栄c" pi逢運k" ncq" 8瓜pi" dcq" i欝o" e„" rj¿e" n嬰k" z«" j瓜k"(Robert & Angelo, 2007; Adams & Frankmann, 1962=" Urgevqt." 3;;9+" piq k" tc." pj英pi pijk‒p" e泳w" vtqpi" p逢噂e" e pi" ej泳pi" okpj"ejq"o嘘k"swcp"j羽"p {<"Vt亥p"Mko"Fwpi."4227="Mj»k"("Pij鵜."4236=È+. V瑛"8„"vƒe"ik違" 8隠"zw医v"ik違"vjw{院v"J4<
H2<"Rj¿e"nぢk"e„"vƒe"8じpi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjÔp"xkp
2.4.1.3. M嘘i quan h羽 gi英c"8k隠u ki羽n làm vi羽c và s詠 hài lòng c栄a nhân viên.
Theo Luthans (1995)."8kw"mkp"n o"xke"e"oe"pj"jpi"8p"u"j k"npi"ec" pjƠp"xkp0"E"vj"zgo"zv"8kw"mkp"n o"xke""pjkw"ie"8"mje"pjcw"pj"e"u"xv" ejv"*x<p"rjpi"n o"xke."d p"ij."vtcpi"vjkv"d"o{"oeẩ+."pjkv"8."pj"upi."Ơo"
thanh bên ngồi,È"jc{"pj英pi"8k隠w"mk羽p"x隠"vkpj"vj亥p"pj逢"x<p"j„c"e»pi"u荏."ikcq"vk院r."n宇" pijk0"Mjk"8pj"ik"u"j k"npi"xk"eằpi"xke."pjƠp"xkp"vjpi"uq"upj"8kw"mkp"n o"
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xk羽e"e栄c"o·pj"uq"x噂k"8k隠w"mk羽p"n o"xk羽e"vk‒w"ejw育p"e栄c"z«"j瓜k"jq員e"x噂k"v鰻"ej泳e"v逢挨pi"v詠" vtqpi"pi pj"pij隠."n pj"x詠e."sw{"o»"jq衣v"8瓜pi0 Ak隠w"mk羽p"n o"xk羽e"n "o瓜v"{院w"v嘘"x»"épi" swcp"vtpi"x "ep"vjkv"8k"xk"pjƠp"xkp"vtqpi"sw trỡnh tỏe"pijk羽r."ikcq"vk院r"x "z穎"n#" e»pi"xk羽e0 Pw"8kw"mkp"zơ"jk"mo"jp"8kw"mkp"n o"xke"ec"pjƠp"xkp."vjÃ"8kw"p {" u"fp"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp"xÃ"j"pij "j"8cpi"e"ov"x"vt "v嘘v"j挨p"uq"x噂k" pj英pi"p挨k"mjƒe"(Kaya, 1995)0"Vw{"pjkp"vjgq"Urgevqt"*3;;9+"e pi"ejq"tpi"pw"pjÔp" xk‒p"o "e„"8”k"j臼k"swƒ"ecq"x隠"8k隠w"mk羽p"n o"xk羽e"vj逢運pi"u胤"mj»pi"j k"n”pi"x隠"e»pi"xk羽e" e栄c"j丑0"Pjk隠w"pijk‒p"e泳w"ejq"t茨pi."u詠"j k"n”pi"vtqpi"e»pi"xk羽e"ej鵜w"違pj"j逢荏pi"n噂p"fq" 8k隠w"mk羽p"n o"xk羽e"mj»pi"8違o"d違q"(Herzberg, 1987; Mj»k"("Pij鵜."4236+0"V瑛"8„."vƒe"ik違" 8隠"zw医v"ik違"vjw{院v"J5<
H3<"Akw"mkp"n o"xke"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjƠp"xkp
2.4.1.4. M嘘i quan h羽 gi英c"8 q"v衣o và s詠 hài lịng c栄a nhân viên.
Theo Landale (1999) 8 q"vq"vr"vtwpi"x q"xke"je"vr"ec"pjÔp"xkp"8"rjv"vtkp" eƒe"m悦"p<pi"x "mk院p"vj泳e"e亥p"vjk院v"ejq"x鵜"vt "e»pi"xk羽e0"Vtqpi"d嘘k"e違pj jk羽p"pc{."8 q"v衣q" n "o瓜v"mj c"e衣pj"t医v"swcp"vt丑pi"vtqpi"xk羽e"v嘘k"8c"j„c"n嬰k"pjw壱p"e栄c"v鰻"ej泳e0"Vjgq"Poh & Abd Hamid (2001)."8 q"vq"n "ov"jqv"8pi"ejkp"ne"swcp"vtpi"ec"v"eje"zÔ{"fpi" nk"vj"epj"vtcpj"dp"xpi"8"vp"vk"x "rjv"vtkp0"Ucw"mjk"8e"8 q"vq"x "rjv"vtkp."m" p<pi"ec"pjÔp"xkp"8e"pÔpi"ecq."8kw"p {"ikr"j"jq p"vj pj"vv"eằpi"xke"x "eo" vj{"j k"npi0"Dp"epj"8."pjÔp"xkp"e pi"e"vj"u"e"8e"npi"vkp"v"er"vtp."v"8" 8逢嬰e"vtcq"sw{隠p"pjk隠w"j挨p"x "pj壱p"8逢嬰e"pj英pi"rj亥p"vj逢荏pi"x隠"x壱v"ej医v."vkpj"vj亥p"pjk隠w" j挨p0 Ee"pijkp"ew"vte"8Ô{"ejq"vj{"8 q"vq"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi" eằpi"xke"(Chiang, Back, & Canter, 2005; Ock"Pi丑e"Mj逢挨pi"("D́k"Fk宇o"Vk院p."4236;
Tk¦ycp"x "e瓜pi"u詠."4234+. Vasudevan (2014) e pi"pj壱p"vj医{"t茨pi"8 q"v衣q"e„"vƒe"8瓜pi" v ej"ee"x "e"pj"jpi"8pi"m"8p"u"eco"mv"x "j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp"xk"v"eje0 V瑛"8„."vƒe"ik違"8隠"zw医v"ik違"vjw{院v"J6<
H4<"A q"vＴq"vƒe8じpi"v ej"eばe"8ｘp"uば"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjÔp"xkp
2.4.1.5. M嘘i quan h羽 gi英c"e挨"j瓜k"vj<pi"vk院n và s詠 hài lòng c栄a nhân viên.
E挨"j瓜k"vj<pi"vk院p"n "mj違"p<pi"e„"8逢嬰e"pj英pi"x鵜"vt "eằpi"xke"vv"jp"vtqpi"eằpi" xke"pj"u"ev"pje."8"dv"v"pik"mje"x "rjp"8w"tp"nw{p"ec"dp"vjÔp0"Pjkw" pjƠp"xkp" owp"8e"vj<pi"vkp"8"e"8e"8ơk"pi"ecq"jp"x" xv"ejv"pjpi"swcp"
31
vt丑pi"j挨p"pi逢運k"vj<pi"vk院p"u胤"e„"8逢嬰e"u詠"vj瑛c"pj壱p."u詠"sw#"p吋"e栄c"pjk隠w"pi逢運k0"N¿e"8„." eqp"pi逢運k"8逢嬰e"j k"n”pi"pjw"e亥w"8逢嬰e"v»p"vt丑pi0"X·"x壱{."o丑k pi逢運k"ncq"8瓜pi."8隠w"p厩"n詠e" n o"xk羽e"8吋"v·o"mk院o"o瓜v"x鵜"vt "mjƒ"j挨p"vtqpi"u詠"pijk羽r"e栄c"o·pj"vj»pi"swc"e挨"j瓜k"8逢嬰e" vj<pi" vk院p0" Vjgq" Mj»k" (" Pij鵜" *4236+" e挨" j瓜k" 8逢嬰e" 8 q" v衣q" x " vj<pi" vk院p" n " o瓜v" vtqpi" pj英pi"{院w"v嘘"swcp"vt丑pi"pj医v"vƒe"8瓜pi"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"e栄c"nhân viên. Vtqpi"n pj"x詠e"{" v院."e挨"j瓜k"vj<pi"vk院p"e pi"8逢嬰e"ej泳pi"okpj"n "e„"違pj"j逢荏pi"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e" *Ci{grqpi"x "e瓜pi"u詠."4226+0"M院v"nw壱p"v逢挨pi"v詠"e pi"8逢嬰e"ej泳pi"okpj"d荏k<"Vt亥p"Mko"
Dung, 2005; Mj»k" (" Pij鵜." 4236= EjÔw" Vwp" Jw{." 422:= Piw{宇p" Vj鵜" Pi丑e" Fk宇o." 4238=È Piq k"tc."Dtqyp"*4227+"e pi"ejq"tpi"pjÔp"xkp"e"vj"v"d"eằpi"xke"ec"j." vÃo"mko"xke"n o"ok"jqe"vjc{"8k"pij"pijkr"pw"oe"8"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"vjr" piw{p"pjÔp"ej pj"n "fq"pjÔp"xkp"eo"vj{"vjkw"e"jk"vj<pi"vkp"pij"pijkr0"V"8." ve"ik"8"zwv"ik"vjw{v"J7<
H5: E￢"jじk"vj<pi"vkｘp"vƒe"8じpi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjÔp"xkp
2.4.1.6. M嘘i quan h羽 gi英a s詠 trao quy隠n và s詠 hài lịng c栄a nhân viên.
U"vtcq"sw{p"ejq"pjƠp"xkp"z{"tc"mjk"ov"pjƠp"xkp"e"zw"jpi"ejkc"u"vjằpi"vkp" ec"pj."pƠpi"ecq"sw{p"v"sw{v"ec"pj"mjk"tc"sw{v"8pj"(Karim & Rehman, 2012). Wellins (1991) mjpi"8pj"tpi"ov"v"eje"vr"vtwpi"x q"vtcq"sw{p"ejq"pjÔp"xkp"u"e" vj"fw{"vtÃ"u"vp"vk"ec"p"x"nÔw"f k0"Ov"mje."Piw{p"Vj"Pie"Fko"*4238+ cho
t茨pi"{院w"v嘘"e違p"vt荏"swƒ"vt·pj"jq p"vjk羽p"o瓜v"v鰻"ej泳e"x "iÔ{"tc"u"mjằpi"j k"npg cho
pjÔp"xkp"n "pik"swp"n#0"Dk"xÃ"j"e"sw{p"sw{v"8pj"pjpi"j"mjằpi"jkw"m"ok" xp"8"ec"eằpi"xke."pie"nk."pjÔp"xkp"jkw"t "vÃpj"jÃpj"eằpi"xke"pjpi"j"mjằpi" e"sw{p"sw{v"8pj"fq"8"vtqpi"vtpi"jr"p {."xke"vtcq"sw{p"ejq"pjÔp"xkp"e"vj"n " o瓜v"ik違k"rjƒr"v嘘v0"Piq k"tc."Piw{宇p"Vj鵜"Pi丑e"Fk宇o"*4238+ ej雨"tc"t茨pi"u詠"vtcq"sw{隠p"e„" pj"jpi"v ej"ee"8pi"m"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp0"Vpi"v."He, Murrmann, & Perdue (2010) 8«"ej泳pi"okpj"t茨pi"xk羽e"vtcq"sw{隠p ejq"pjƠp"xkp"e"pj"jpi"vv"8p" ejv"npi"fej"x"x "u"j k"n”pi"e»pi"xk羽e0"D‒p"e衣pj"8„."vjgq"Chang, Chiu, & Chen (2010) ov"u"npi"np"ee"mv"sw"pijkp"ew"ejq"vj{"tpi"u"vtcq"sw{p"ewpi"er" ov"vtk"pijko"eằpi"xke"v ej"ee"ejq"pjÔp"xkp"x "fq"8."p"fp"8p"oe"8"j k"npi" ecq"ec"pjÔp"xkp0"Jp"pc."Lwp"x "epi"u"*4228+e pi"8欝pi"#"x噂k"swcp"8k吋o"p {0"Zw医v" rjƒv"v瑛"vj詠e"v院"8„."vƒe"ik違"8隠"zw医v"ik違"vjw{院v"J8<
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IkＶ"vjw{ｘv"J6<"U"vtcq"sw{p"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjÔp"
viên
2.4.1.7. M嘘i quan h羽 gi英a làm vi羽c nhóm và s詠 hài lịng c栄a nhân viên.
O嘘k"swcp"j羽"ik英c"n o"xk羽e"pj„o"x "u詠"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp"v"nƠw"8ơ"8e"ee" je" ik" pijkp" ew" x " swcp" vÔo" vtp" vq p" vj" ikk" vtqpi" pjkw" n pj" x詠e" pijk‒p" e泳w0"
Kalisch & Lee (2009) ejq"t茨pi"n o"xk羽e"pj„o"n "o瓜v"pj„o"pi逢運k"j厩"vt嬰"n磯p"pjcw"8吋"8衣v" 8逢嬰e"o映e"vk‒w"e栄c"v鰻"ej泳e0"V逢挨pi"v詠."Rwtf{"x "e瓜pi"u詠"*4232+"ejq"t茨pi"n o"xk羽e"pj„o" n "ov"sw"vtÃpj"v"eje"ee"pjo"ikc"ee"pjÔp"xkp"8"jq p"vj pj"eằpi"xke"pjv"8pj0" Fq"8„."n o"xk羽e"pj„o"n "o瓜v"nq衣k"v鰻"ej泳e"x "j嬰r"vƒe"8逢嬰e"vjk院v"m院"8吋"8衣v"8逢嬰e"o瓜v"o映e" vk‒w"e映"vj吋"e栄c"v鰻"ej泳e"*Ock"Pi丑e"Mj逢挨pi"("D́k"Fk宇o"Vk院p."4236+0"A嘘k"x噂k"pj英pi"e»pi" xk羽e"rj泳e"v衣r"nw»p"8k"mflo"x噂k"pjk隠w"t栄k"tq."pj医v"n "vtqpi"n pj"x詠e"{"v院"e pi"e亥p"vjk院v."8隠" ecq"x "pj医p o衣pj"xck"vt”"e栄c"n o"xk羽e"pj„o"8員e"dk羽v"8嘘k"x噂k"pj英pi"ec"o鰻"rj泳e"v衣r0
Theo Lwp"x "e瓜pi"u詠"*4228+n o"xk羽e"vjgq"pj„o"n "o瓜v"vtqpi"pj英pi"{院w"v嘘"swcp"vt丑pi"f詠" dq"x"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp0"Vpi"v."Lwp"x "epi"u"*4228+ e pi"ejq"t茨pi"n o" xke"vjgq"pjo"e"pj"jpi"v ej"ee"8pi"m"8k"xk"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp0"Vtqng
n pj"x詠e"{"v院."eƒe"{"dƒe"u "rj違k"vj逢運pi"zw{‒p"j瓜k"ej育p"x "n o"xk羽e"pj„o"x噂k"pjcw"8隠"8逢c" tc"pjpi"rje"8"8kw"vt"rj"jr"ejq"dpj"pjÔp"jc{"xke"vjpi"zw{p"rjk"vjco"ikc" pjpi"8"p"pijkp"ew"ejw{p"uÔw."pjpi"ec"rjw"vjwv"rje"vr.ẩ"fq"8e"vj"ec" pi pj"pij隠"fq"8„"xck"vt”"e栄c"n o"xk羽e"pj„o"vj壱v"u詠"swcp"vt丑pi"x "mj違"p<pi"e pi"u胤"違pj" j逢荏pi"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"vtqpi"e»pi"xk羽e"e栄c"j丑0"V瑛"8„."vƒe"ik違"8隠"zw医v"ik違"vjw{院v"J7 sau:
IkＶ"vjw{ｘv"J7<"N o"xke"pjo"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjƠp
viên
2.4.1.8. M嘘i quan h羽 gi英a m泳e"8瓜 tơn tr丑ng và s詠 hài lòng c栄a nhân viên.
Vjgq"vjw{院v"pjw"e亥w"e栄c"Ocunqy."pjw"e亥w"8逢嬰e"v»p"vt丑pi"x "8逢嬰e"vj吋"jk羽p"n "荏"e医r" ecq"pj医v0"Clark (2002) ejq"tpi"oe"8"8e"vằp"vtpi"n "pjÔp"v"swcp"vtpi"pjv"ikk" vj ej"u"vjc"p"vtqpi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjƠp"xkp0"Mje"xk"{w"v"npi"vkp."u"vằp"vtpi" vj"jkp"xke"pjƠp"xkp"e"8e"u"vkp"vpi"jc{"8pj"ik"ecq"v"pik"mje"jc{"mjằpi." e"vj"n "u"vằp"vtpi"v"mjej"j pi."8pi"pijkr"jc{"nơpj"8q"vtqpi"mjk"npi"vkp"nk"zwv" rjv"v"dp"vjƠp"pjƠp"xkp"8p"xk"pik"mje0"Vtp"vje"v."mjằpi"ck"n "mjằpi"e"pjw" ew"8e"vằp"vtpi."f"n "ov"pjƠp"xkp"swv"fp"jc{"nơpj"8q"er"ecq."vw{"pjkp"e pi" 8違o"pjk羽o"pj英pi"ej泳e"x映"荏"pj英pi"x鵜"vt "e pi"ecq."pjw"e亥w"e亥p"8逢嬰e"v»p"vt丑pi"e pi"n噂p0"
33
O泳e"8瓜"v»p"vt丑pi"8逢嬰e"vj吋"jk羽p"荏"pjk隠w"mj c"e衣pj"mjƒe"pjcw."e„"vj吋"n "u詠"v»p"vt丑pi"x隠" eằpi"xke."8ơk"pi."u"vằp"vtpi"x"nk"pk."uw{"pij ."#"mkp"ec"e"pjƠp"jc{"u"vjc"pjp" v"e"swcp"jc{"v"eje0"U"vằp"vtpi"vje"ejv"n "u"vjc"pjp"ik"vt"ec"pik"mje" vjằpi"swc"pjpi"8pj"ik"ec"dp"vjƠp0"E"8e"u"vằp"vtpi"v"pik"mje"vje"ejv"n " e"8e"u"vjc"pjp"v"pik"mje"x"ik"vt"dp"vjƠp."fq"8."ov"mjk"8ơ"8e"vjc" pjp."8e"8pj"ik"8pi"xk"p<pi"ne."rjo"ejv."vtÃpj"8"ec"oÃpj"pjÔp"xkp"u"j k" npi"ov"eej"e"8kw"mkp"xk"eằpi"xke0"Pie"nk."pw"j"mjằpi"8e"vằp"vtpi"8pi" pij c"xk"xke"ik"vt"ec"dp"vjÔp"mjằpi"8e"vjc"pjp."j"u"p{"ukpj"vÔo"n#"mjằpi"
hài lòng, chán ghét."vj壱o"ej "d臼"xk羽e0"Pjk隠w"vƒe"ik違"ejq"t茨pi"o泳e"8瓜"v»p"vt丑pi"n "o瓜v" vtqpi"pj英pi"{院w"v嘘"8亥w"x q"swcp"vt丑pi"vtqpi"xk羽e"v衣q"n壱r"u詠"j k"npi"x "vkp"vpi"ec" mjej"j pi"*EjÔw"Vwp"Jw{."422:+0"V"8."ve"ik"8"zwv"ik"vjw{v"J:<
H8<"Oとe"8じ"v»p"vtがpi"e„"vƒe"8じpi"v ej"eばe"8ｘp"uば"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjÔp"xkp
2.4.1.9. M嘘i quan h羽 gi英a s詠 h泳ng thú cơng vi羽c và s詠 hài lịng c栄a nhân viên.
U"jpi"vj"vtqpi"eằpi"xke"8"er"8p"xke"pjÔp"xkp"e"pko"vj ej"vj"x "jpi" mjk"8k"xk"vj pj"sw"ec"eằpi"xke"jc{"mjằpi"jqe"n "pjÔp"xkp"e"eo"vj{"eằpi"xke" jkp"vk"ec"j"n "vj"x"jc{"mjằpi0"Vje"v"ejq"vj{"n "eqp"pik"e"zw"jpi"nc"ejp" pj英pi"e»pi"xk羽e"rj́"j嬰r"x噂k"p<pi"n詠e."ejw{‒p"o»p"x "u荏"vj ej"x "j丑"vj逢運pi"8衣v"8院p"u詠" vj pj"e»pi"pj医v"8鵜pj"p院w"n o"8¿pi"e»pi"xk羽e"o·pj"vj ej."u荏"vt逢運pi"x "8co"o‒0"Pi逢嬰e" nk."xk"pjpi"eằpi"xke"mjằpi"e"u"vj ej"vj."pjƠp"xkp"ej"n "xke"ov"eej"8k"rj."vtÃ" jqơp"x "p<pi"uwv"vjr0"Vtqpi"vje"v."u"jpi"vj"8ằk"mjk"ep"8e"8pj"ik"ecq"jp"e" pj英pi"8«k"pi瓜"x隠"x壱v"ej医v"8嘘k"x噂k"pj英pi"e»ng xk羽e"ocpi"v pj"ej医v"8員e"vj́0"Phân viên
p q"pij "e»pi"xk羽e"o·pj"n o"n "vj¿"x鵜"vj·pjk隠w"mj違"p<pi pjÔp"xkp"8"j k"npi"jp"vtqpi" eằpi"xke"x "8e"8pi"xkp"vv"jp"n "pjÔp"xkp"o "mjằpi"vj ej"vj"x"eằpi"xke"ec" j丑0"V瑛"8„."u詠"j泳pi"vj¿"vtqpi"e»pi"xk羽e 8逢嬰e"ejq"n "o瓜v"{院w"v嘘 ej pj"f詠"8qƒp"ejq"u詠"j k" npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp"(Luthans, 1995)0"D‒p"e衣pj"8„.""pjk隠w"pijk‒p"e泳w"8«"ej泳pi"okpj"u詠" j泳pi"vj¿"vtqpi"e»pi xk羽e"e„"u詠"vƒe"8瓜pi"v ej"e詠e"8ƒpi"m吋"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"vtqpi"e»pi"xk羽e" ec"pjÔp"xkp"(Plate & Stone, 1974; Vtp"Mko"Fwpi."4227."EjÔw"Vwp"Jw{."422:=ẩ+0" X噂k"d嘘k"e違pj"pi pj"{"v院."x噂k"v pj"ej医v"8員e"vj́"tk‒pi"dk羽v."e„"vj吋."u詠"j泳pi"vj¿"x "8co"o‒" xk"eằpi"xke"n "ov"{w"v"8{"vko"p<pi"8"ikk"vj ej"u"j k"npi"vpi"vj"ec"pjƠp" xk‒p0"V瑛"8„."vƒe"ik違"8隠"zw医v"ik違"vjw{院v"J;<
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2.4.1.10. M嘘i quan h羽 gi英a lịng tin và s詠 hài lịng c栄a nhân viên.
N”pi"vkp"n "o瓜v"mjƒk"pk羽o"vt瑛w"v逢嬰pi"8逢嬰e"f́pi"8吋"8q"n逢運pi"e違o"pj壱p"vkp"e壱{"e栄c" ov"e"pjƠp"8k"xk"e"pjƠp"jc{"v"eje"mje0"Npi"vkp"e"8e"swc"vjk"ikcp"vkr"ze" jc{"swc"u"vkr"pjp"ov"eej"xằ"vÃpj"jc{"e"#"pjpi"vjằpi"vkp"x"8k"vpi"8e"tin
vpi0"Npi"vkp"vtqpi"pijkp"ew"p {"8e"zgo"zv"ikc"jck"mj c"epj"dcq"io"npi"vkp" xk"8pi"pijkr"x "npi"vkp"xk"er"vtp0"Ak"xk"er"vtp."npi"vkp"ec"pjƠp"xkp"vj"jkp" 荏"u詠"vkp"v逢荏pi"x q"pj英pi"8逢運pi"n嘘k."ej pj"uƒej."8«k"pi瓜."ejk院p"n逢嬰e"rjƒv"vtk吋p"v鰻"ej泳e.È=" Ak"xk"8pi"pijkr."npi"vkp"vj"jkp""u"vằp"vtpi."ek"o"x "vkp"e{.ẩ"Pjkw"pijkp" ew"ejq"vj{"npi"vkp"ec"pjƠp"xkp"8k"xk"er"vtp"e"ve"8pi"opj"8p"u"j k"npi" pjƠp"xkp"pj"Driscoll (1978) ejq"tpi"npi"vkp"n "pjƠp"v"sw{v"8pj"ikr"n o"v<pi"u" j k" npi" ec" pjÔp" xkp." vtqpi" mjk" 8" Nciceg" x " e瓜pi" u詠" *3;;3+ e pi" ejq" t茨pi" u詠" vkp" v逢荏pi"n磯p"pjcw"ik英c"e医r"vt‒p"Ỵ pjƠp"xkp"er"fk"8ơ"n o"v<pi"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp" e医r" f逢噂k0" Pj英pi" m院v" nw壱p" v逢挨pi" v詠" e pi" v·o" vj医{" vtqpi" eƒe" pijk‒p" e泳w e栄c<"Dirks & Ferrin (2001), Flaherty & Pappas (2000)=È"D‒p"e衣pj"8„."Matzler & Renzl (2006) e pi" 8«"ej雨"tc t茨pi"n”pi"vkp"*mj»pi"ej雨"8嘘k"x噂k"n«pj"8衣q"o "e”p"8嘘k"x噂k"8欝pi"pijk羽r+"e„"vƒe" 8瓜pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp"vtqpi"eằpi"xke0"Vtqpi"ok"swcp"j"eằpi" xke"pk"eằpi"u."pw"ejwpi"swcpj"pjƠp"xkp"n "pjpi"pik"8pi"vkp"e{"*v"er"vtp" ejq"8p"8pi"pijkr+."pjƠp"xkp"u"e"8e"ov"oằk"vtpi"n o"xke"cp"vq p."jkw"sw" x "8o"dq0"Pj"x{."npi"vkp"*8k"xk"er"vtp"x "8pi"pijkr+"e"ve"8pi"opj"x " vte"vkr"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp0"V"8."ve"ik"8"zwv"ik"vjw{v"J32"x "J33<
H10: Lũng vkp"xk"8pi"pijkr"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjÔp"
viên
H11<"Npi"vkp"xk"er"vtp"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjƠp"
viờn
2.4.1.11. M嘘i quan h羽 gi英a s詠 hài lịng và lịng trung thành c栄a nhân viên.
Pjkw"pijkp"ew"8ơ"ejpi"okpj"8e"tpi"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp"e"vo"swcp" vtpi"8p"xk"v"eje"pj"vj"p q0"Piq k"xke"ikr"ejq"pjƠp"xkp"n o"xke"jkw"sw"jp." v<pi"p<pi"uwv"(Eskildsen & Dahlgaard, 2000)."u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp"ep"n "{w"v" sw{v"8pj"8p"u"eco"mv"x "npi"vtwpi"vj pj"ec"v"eje"*pj"Mak & Sockel, 2001; Grønholdt & Martensen, 2018)0"Xke"ewpi"er"u"j k"npi"ejq"pjƠp"viên cịn giúp làm
35
o·pj" v<pi" fqcpj" vjw"(Tutuncu & Ozturk, 2001). Piq k" tc." u詠" j k" n”pi" ec" pjÔp" xkp" vtqpi"eằpi"xke"ep"ve"8pi"8p"u"j k"npi"vtqpi"ewe"upi."pjpg ai hài lịng trong
e»pi"xk羽e"vj逢運pi"e違o"vj医{"j k"n”pi"vtqpi"ew瓜e"u嘘pi"e栄c"j丑"Spector (1997+0""8Ơ{"ep" rjƠp"dkv"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp"x "8pi"xkp"pjƠp"xkp."8pi"xkp"n "fp"fv"pjƠp" xkp"8v"8e"pjpi"oe"vkw"8ơ"8"tc"xk"p"ne"np"pjv0"Pj"x{."8pi"xkp"n "ee" j pj"8pi"8"mjkp"pjƠp"xkp"e"ipi."ep"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp"ej"oằ"v"u"jpj" rje"ec"j"vtqpi"eằpi"xke0"K院v"sw違"pijk‒p"e泳w"e栄c Kim Dung x "e瓜pi"u詠 (2005) cho
vj{"e"u"vpi"ve"fpi"ikc"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp"vtqpi"eằpi xk羽e"x "n”pi"vtwpi vj pj"e栄c"j丑"8嘘k"x噂k"v鰻"ej泳e0"V瑛"8„."vƒe"ik違"8隠"zw医v"ik違"vjw{院v"J34<
H12<"Uば"j k"n”pi"e„"vƒe"8じpi"v ej"ee"8p"npi"vtwpi"vj pj"eằpi"xke"ec"pjƠp"xkp
2.4.2. Mơ hình nghiên cとw"8ｚ xuＸt.
Vtqpi"pijkp"ew"p {"zgo"zv"u"j k"npi"eằpi"xke"ec"pjÔp"xkp"8e"zÔ{"fpi" *ve"8pi+"dk"ee"pjÔp"v"mje"pjcw"8e"8"zwv"x "pijkp"ew"dk"pjkw"ve"ik"vte" 8."dcq"io<"Npi"dpi="Akw"mkp"n o"xke="A q"vq="Oe"8"8e"vằp"vtpi="U"jpi" vj¿"e»pi"xk羽e="Rj¿e"n嬰k="N”pi"vkp="E挨"j瓜k"vj<pi"vk院p="U詠"vtcq"sw{隠p="N o"xk羽e"pj„o0"F詠c" vt‒p"o映e"vk‒w"pijk‒p"e泳w"e栄c"8隠"v k"x "swc"ne"mjq."m"vjc"e"u"n#"vjw{v"vtÃpj"d {"" vtp"e pi"pj"vjco"mjq"mv"sw"ec"ee"pijkp"ew"vte"8Ơ{"8"jÃpj"vj pj"pp"ee"ik" vjw{院v."vƒe"ik違"8隠"zw医v"o»"j·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"pj逢"ucw<
36
Hình 2.5<"O»"j·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"*vƒe"ik違"8隠"zw医v+ V„o"v逸v"eƒe"ik違"vjw{院v"pijk‒p"e泳w<
H1: Vk隠p"n逢挨pi"e„"vƒe"8瓜pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp
H2<"Rje"nk"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp0
H3<"Akw"mkp"n o"xke"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp0
H4<"A q"vq"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp0
H5<"E"jk"vj<pi"vkp"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp0
H6<"U詠"vtcq"sw{隠p"e„"vƒe"8瓜pi"v ej"e詠e"8院p"u詠"j k"n”pi"e栄a nhân viên.
H7<"N o"xke"pjo"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp0"
H8<"Oe"8"vằp"vtpi"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjÔp"xkp0"
H9<"U詠"j泳pi"vj¿"x噂k"e»pi"xk羽e"e„"vƒe"8瓜pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp0"
H10: Lịng tin xk"8pi"pijkr"e"ve"8pi"v ej"ee"8p"u"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp0"
H11<"N”pi"vkp"x噂k"e医r"vt‒p"e„"vƒe"8瓜pi"v ej"e詠e"u詠"j k"npi"ec"pjƠp"xkp0"
37
K蔭T LU一P"EJ姶愛PI"4
Ej逢挨pi"4"8«"vt·pj"d {"o瓜v"u嘘"pj英pi"e挨"u荏"n#"vjw{院v"e pi"pj逢"v鰻pi"swcp"eƒe"pijk‒p" e泳w"nk‒p"swcp"x "dk羽p"nw壱p"o嘘k"swcp"j羽"e栄c"eƒe"mjƒk"pk羽o"pijk‒p"e泳w"x噂k"pjcw."v瑛"8„"8隠" zw医v"o»"j·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"e pi"pj逢"eƒe"ik違"vjw{院v"e栄c"8隠"v k0"Ej逢挨pi"5"u胤"vk院r"v映e"vt·pj" d {"x隠"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vjk院v"m院"pijk‒p"e泳w"dcq"i欝o"sw{"vt·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w."rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vjw" vj壱r"x "z穎"n#"u嘘"nk羽w"rj映e"x映"ejq"pijk‒p"e泳w0
38
EJ姶愛PI"3. RJPI"RJốR"PIJKỗP"EW
Ej⇔￢pi"p {"vt·pj"d {"eƒe"sw{"vt·pj"pijk‒p"eとw."rj⇔￢pi"rjƒr"vjw"vjｆr"fの"nkうw"x " e"ow"e pi"pj"ee"rjpi"rjr."m"vjwv"rjƠp"v ej"8pj"npi"x "vjcpi"8q"8e"u" fつpi"vtqpi"pijk‒p"eとw
3.1. Quy trình nghiên c泳u.
Sw{"vt·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"e栄c"8隠"v k"u穎"f映pi"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"pijk‒p"e泳w"j厩p"j嬰r"*Okzgf" Ogvjqfu"crrtqcej+"x "8逢嬰e"vk院p"j pj"vjgq"jck"ikck"8q衣p"dcq i欝o<"ikck"8q衣p"pijk‒p"e泳w" u挨"d瓜"*pijk‒p"e泳w"8鵜pj"v pj+"x "ikck"8q衣p"pijk‒p"e泳w"ej pj"vj泳e"*pijk‒p"e泳w"8鵜pj"n逢嬰pi+"
(Hình 3.1).
Hình 3.1<"Sw{"vt·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w
- Pijk‒p" e泳w" u挨" d瓜" 8逢嬰e" vj詠e" jk羽p" vj»pi" swc" rj逢挨pi" rjr" rjpi" xp" vte" vkr" mjqpi"7"pjÔp"xkp"8cpi"eằpi"ve."n o"xke"vk"ee"e"u"{"v"eằpi"nr"vtp"8c"d p"vpj" NÔo"Api0"Pk"fwpi"vjq"nwp"u"8e"ijk"pjp"nk."vpi"jr"n o"e"u"ejq"jkw"ejpj"
39
ee"dkp"vtqpi"dpi"eÔw"jk0"Mv"sw"ec"pijkp"ew"u"d n "ov"dpi"eÔw"jk"rje"x" ejq"swƒ"vt·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"ej pj"vj泳e0"O映e"8 ej"e栄c"pijk‒p"e泳w"u挨"d瓜"p {"pj茨o"8ƒpj"ikƒ" 8"ik"vt"pk"fwpi."piằp"v"ec"ee"vjcpi"8q0"Ucw"8."ve"ik"vkp"j pj"mjq"uv"u"d"62" pjÔp"xkp"8"8pj"ik"u"d"8"vkp"e{"Etqpdcejểu Anrjc."v pj"rjÔp"rjk"ejwp"ec"ee" dkp"swcp"uv"x ""rjÔp""v ej""pjÔp""v""mjo""rj""GHC""pjo""nqk""ee""dkp""te""n o" pjk宇w"jq員e"uck"n羽ej"vjcpi"8q0"
- Pijk‒p" e泳w" ej pj" vj泳e" 8逢嬰e" vj詠e" jk羽p" d茨pi" rj逢挨pi" rjƒr" 8pj" npi0" F" nkw" 8e"vjw"vjr"dpi"dpi"eÔw"jk"8e"ik"vte"vkr"8p"ee"pjÔp"xkp"{"v0"M ej"vje" o磯w" e栄c" pijk‒p" e泳w" p {" n 256 pjÔp" xkp0" Pijkp" ew" ej pj" vje" 8逢嬰e" vj詠e" jk羽p" v瑛" vjƒpi"6"8院p"vjƒpi"8"p<o"423:0"O映e"8 ej"e栄c"pijk‒p"e泳w"p {"f́pi"8吋"mk吋o"8鵜pj"vjcpi" 8q."o»"j·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w0"Vjcpi"8q 8逢嬰e"mk吋o"8鵜pj"d茨pi"j羽"u嘘"vkp"e壱{"EtqpdcejÓu Alpha
x "rjÔp"v ej"pjÔp"v"mjo"rj"GHC."ucw"epi"n "mko"8pj"ee"ik"vjw{v"vjằpi"swc"jk" sw{"8c"dkp"x "rjÔp"v ej"u"mje"dkv0
3.2. Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vjw"vj壱p d英 li羽u và c叡 m磯u.
F"nkw"8e"vjw"vjr"dpi"eej"rjv"dpi"eÔw"jk"mjq"uv"vte"vkr"8p"vc{"ee" pjÔp"xkp"{"v"8cpi"n o"xke"vk"11 e"u"{"v"eằpi"vtp"8c"d p"vpj"NÔo"Api"dcq"io< Vtwpi"vÔo"["v"A "Nv="Vtwpi"vÔo"["v"Dq"Ne="Vtwpi"vÔo"["v"Ae"Vtpi="Vtwpi"vÔo" ["v"NÔo"J ="Vtwpi"vÔo"["v"Ap"Fpi="Vtwpi"vÔo"["v"Dq"NÔo="Vtwpi"vÔo"["v" Aco"Tằpi="Dpj"xkp"Ac"Mjqc"vpj"NÔo"Api="Dpj"xkp"4"vpj"NÔo"Api"*Dpj"xkp" Ac"Mjqc+="Vtwpi"vÔo"["v"A"Jwqck="Vtwpi"vÔo"["v"Ev"Vkp0 Swƒ"vt·pj"mj違q"uƒv"rj亥p" n噂p"8逢嬰e"vj詠e"jk羽p"x噂k"u詠"ik¿r"8叡 e栄c"vƒe"ik違"x "o瓜v"u嘘"8欝pi"pijk羽r0"O磯w"8逢嬰e"ej丑p" vjgq"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vjw壱p"vk羽p0"A嘘k"x噂k"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"ej丑p"o磯w"p {"pj ""pijk‒p""e泳w""vk院r"" e壱p""x噂k"rj亥p""v穎""o磯w""d茨pi""rj逢挨pi""rjƒr""vjw壱p""vk羽p"*Vj丑"("Vtcpi."422;."r099+.
Rjpi""rjr""rjÔp""v ej"8e""u""fpi"8""tv""vt ej""pjÔp""v""n ""rjpi""rjr" rjÔp""v ej""pjƠp""v""mjo""rj""GHC0"RjƠp""v ej""pjƠp""v""ep"" v""pjv""422""swcp""uv"
(Gorsuch, 1983)0"F詠c""vjgq"sw{""nw壱v"mkpj""pijk羽o"(Bollen, 1989) x噂k"p<o"o磯w"ejq"o瓜v" vjco"u嘘"e亥p"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi0"E映"vj吋<
- C叡o磯w"swcp"uƒv"e亥p"vj臼c"o«p"8k隠w"mk羽p<"P"œ"ocz"]7z."72"-":m]
- A嘘k" xk" rjÔp" v ej" pjÔp" v" GHC" vjÃ<" P" " 7z"(Hair, Black, Babin, Anderson, & Tatham, 2006)
40
- Ak"xk"rjÔp"v ej"jk"sw{"8c"dkp"vjÃ<"P""72"-":o"(Tabachnick & Fidell, 2007) Trong 8„<
- z<"n "v鰻pi"u嘘"dk院p"swcp"uƒv
- o<"n "dk院p"8瓜e"n壱r Fq"8„."e叡"o磯w"P"œ"235
Pijk‒p"e泳w"p {"e„"47 dk院p"swcp"uƒv"fq"8„"m ej"vj逢噂e"o磯w"v嘘k"vjk吋w"e亥p"ejq"pijk‒p" e泳w"p {"n "235 (5*47 vjco"u嘘"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi+0"Vƒe"ik違"逢噂e"8qƒp v益"n羽"j欝k"8ƒr"72'."pj逢"x壱{" 8吋" 8衣v" 8逢嬰e" m ej" vj逢噂e" o磯w" vt‒p, 400 dpi" eÔw" jk" u" 8e" ik" 8k" rj臼pi" x医p" vtqpi" pijk‒p"e泳w"p {0"
3.3. Rjpi"rjr"rjÔp"v ej"f li羽u.
Rjpi""rjr""rjÔp""v ej""f""nkw"8e""fpi""ejq""pijkp""ew""ej pj""vje""dcq" io"rjÔp""v ej""j""u""vkp""e{""Etqpdcejểu Alpha, rjÔp""v ej""pjÔp""v""mjo""rj""
EFA."rjÔp"v ej"v逢挨pi"swcp"x "j欝k"sw{"d瓜k, mk吋o"8鵜pj"CPQXC"8吋"mk吋o"vtc"u詠"mjƒe"dk羽v0
3.3.1. Phân tích hう sぐ tin cｆy CronbachĨu"Clpha.
U"fpi"Etqpdcejểu"Cnrjc"pjo"rjƠp"v ej"8"vkp"e{"ec"vjcpi"8q0"J"u"g"ec" Etqpdcej"n " o瓜v"rjfir mk吋o"8鵜pj"vj嘘pi"m‒" x隠"o泳e"8瓜"ej員v"ej胤" o "eƒe" o映e"j臼k"vtqpi" vjcpi"8q"v逢挨pi"swcp"x噂k"pjcw."n "rjfir"mk吋o"8鵜pj"x隠"ej医v"n逢嬰pi"e栄c"vjcpi"8q"u穎"f映pi"ejq" vpi"oe"jk."zv"vtp"ok"swcp"j"ec"oe"jk"xk"ov"mj c"epj"8pj"ik0"Rjpi" rjr"p {"ejq"rjr"pik"rjÔp"v ej"nqk"d"ee"dkp"mjằpi"rj"jr"x "jp"ej"ee"dkp" tƒe"vtqpi"swƒ"vt·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"x "8ƒpj"ikƒ"8瓜"vkp"e壱{"e栄c"vjcpi"8q"d茨pi"j羽"u嘘"vj»pi"swc" j羽"u嘘"EtqpdcejÓu Anrjc0"Pj英pi"o映e"j臼k"mj»pi"8„pi"i„r"pjk隠w"u胤"v逢挨pi"swcp"{院w"x噂k" v鰻pi"u嘘"8k吋o."pj逢"x壱{"ej¿pi"vc"ej雨"ik英"n衣k"pj英pi"o映e"j臼k"e„"v逢挨pi"swcp"o衣pj"x噂k"v鰻pi" u嘘"8k吋o0"Fq"8„."pj英pi"dk院p"e„"j羽"u嘘"x噂k"v逢挨pi"swcp"dk院p"v鰻pi"*Kvgo"Vqvcn"Eqtgncvkqp+" pj臼"j挨p"205"u胤"d鵜"nq衣k0"Vjcpi"8q"e„"j羽"u嘘"EtqpdcejÓu Anrjc"v瑛"208"vt荏"n‒p"n "e„"vj吋"u穎" f映pi" 8逢嬰e" vtqpi" vt逢運pi" j嬰r" mjƒk" pk羽o" 8cpi" pijk‒p" e泳w" o噂k"(Nunnally, 1978; Slater, 1995+0" Vj»pi" vj逢運pi." vjcpi" 8q" e„" EtqpdcejÓu" Cnrjc" v瑛" 209" 8院p" 20:" n " u穎" f映pi" 8逢嬰e"
(Nunnally & Bernstein, 1994)0"Pjk隠w"pj "pijk‒p"e泳w"ejq"t茨pi"mjk"vjcpi"8q"e„"8瓜"vkp"e壱{" v瑛"20:"vt荏"n‒p"8院p"i亥p"3"n "vjcpi"8q"npi"vv0"J"u"Etqpdcejểu"Cnrjc"e pi"np"vjÃ"ee" dkp"swcp"uv"vtqpi"vjcpi"8q"e pi"vpi"swcp"ejv"ej"xk"pjcw0"Vw{"pjkp"mv"sw"rjƠp" v ej"ejq"j羽"u嘘"EtqpdcejĨu"Cnrjc"mj»pi"ejq"dk院v"8逢嬰e"pj英pi"dk院p"swcp"uƒv"p q"rj́"j嬰r"
41
x "mj»pi"rj́"j嬰r."fq"8„"e亥p"rj違k"zgo"zfiv"vj‒o"Ðj羽"u嘘"EtqpdcejĨu"Cnrjc"p院w"d臼"dk院p" swcp"uƒv"8cpi"zfivĐ"8吋"mk吋o"vtc"x "nq衣k"d臼"pj英pi"dk院p"swcp"uƒv"mj»pi"rj́"j嬰r"x噂k"{院w"v嘘" e亥p"8q"*Vt丑pi"("Pi丑e."422:+.
3.3.2. Phân tích nhân tぐ khỏm phỏ EFA.
RjƠp"v ej"pjƠp"v"mjo"rj"GHC"*gzrnqtcvqt{"hcevqt"cpcn{uku+"8e u"fpi"8"tv" vt ej"ee"pjÔp"v"v"d"f"nkw"pijkp"ew"8pi"vjk"8pj"ik"8"ik"vt"ec"vjcpi"8q" vjằpi"swc"ik"vt"jk"v"x "rjÔp"dkv0"Rjpi"rjr"p {"tv"jw" ej"vtqpi"xke"ze"8pj"ee" v壱r"j嬰r"dk院p"e亥p"vjk院v"ejq"x医p"8隠"pijk‒p"e泳w"x "8逢嬰e"u穎"f映pi"8吋 v·o"o嘘k"swcp"j羽"ik英c" eƒe" dk院p" x噂k" pjcw0" Vjgq"Hair, Anderson, Tatham, & Black (1998)." rjÔp" v ej" pjÔp" v" mjo"rj"n "ov"pjo"ee"vj"ve."rjpi"rjr"rjÔp"v ej"vjpi"m"8e"u"fpi"8"vjw" pj"x "tv"ip"ov"vr"f"nkw"io"pjkw"dkp"swcp"uv"rj"vjwe"np"pjcw"vj pj"ov"vr" dkp"*pjÔp"v+" v"jp"8"ejpi"e"#"pij c"jp"pjpi"xp"ejr"pjp"8e"jw"jv"pk" fwpi" vj»pi" vkp" e栄c" v壱r" dk院p" dcp" 8亥w0" RjÔp" v ej" pjÔp" v" mjo" rj" GHC" *Gzrnqtcvqt{" Hcevqt"Cpcn{uku+"ikr"ejpi"vc"8pj"ik"jck"nqk"ik"vt"swcp"vtpi"ec"vjcpi"8q"n "ik"vt" jk"v"*ee"dkp"swcp"uv"jk"v"x"epi"3"pjÔp"v+"x "ik"vt"rjÔp"dkv"*vjwe"x"pjÔp"v" p {"x "rjk"rjÔp"dkv"xk"pjÔp"v"mje+0
Eƒe"vƒe"ik違"Meyers, Gamst, & Guarino (2006) 8"er"tpi<"Vtqpi"rjÔp"v ej"pjÔp"v." rjpi"rjr"vt ej"Rtkekrcn"Eqorqpgpvu"Cpcn{uku"8k"épi"x噂k"rjfir"zqc{"Xctkocz"n "eƒej" vj泳e" 8逢嬰e" u穎" f映pi" rj" dkp" pjv0" U" fpi" rjpi" rjr" vt ej" pjÔp" v嘘" Rtkpekrcn" Czku" Hcevqtkpi"x噂k"rjfir"swc{"Rtqocz"*8嘘k"x噂k"eƒe"vjcpi"8q"n逢運pi"8c"j逢噂pi"Ỵ eƒe"dk院p"vƒe" 8瓜pi+"x·"vjgq"(Anderson & Gerbing, 1988)."rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vt ej"Rtkpekrcn"Czku"Hcevqtkpi" x噂k"rjfir"zqc{"Rtqocz"u胤"rj違p"ƒpj"e医w"vt¿e"f英"nk羽w"ej pj"zƒe"j挨p"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vt ej" Rtkpekrcn"eqorqpgpvu"x噂k"rjfir"zqc{"Xctkocz0"Vw{"pjk‒p"x噂k"vjcpi"8q"n逢運pi"8挨p"j逢噂pi" Ỵ dk院p"vƒe"8瓜pi."p‒p"u穎"f映pi"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vt ej"Rtkpekrcn"eqorqpgpv"cpcn{uku"x·"rj逢挨pi" rjƒr"vt ej"p {"u胤"n o"ejq"v鰻pi"rj逢挨pi"uck"vt ej"v嘘v"j挨p0"
Vjcpi"8q"n逢運pi"8逢嬰e"ej医r"pj壱p"mjk"vj臼c"o«p"8k隠w"mk羽p"v鰻pi"rj逢挨pi"uck"vt ej"v瑛" 72'"vt荏"n‒p"(Anderson & Gerbing, 1988). Theo (Duy, 2009)."pw"ucw"rjÔp"v ej"GHC"n " rjÔp"v ej"jk"sw{"vjÃ"e"vj"u"fpi"rjpi"rjr"vt ej"Rtkpekrcn"eqorqpgpvu"xk"rjr" zqc{"Xctkocz."ep"pw"ucw"GHC"n "rjÔp"v ej"pjÔp"v"mjpi"8pj"EHC"x "rjÔp"v ej"oằ" j·pj"e医w"vt¿e"vw{院p"v pj"*UGO+"vj·"p‒p"u穎"f映pi"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vt ej"Cxku"Hcevqtkpi"x噂k"
42
rjfir"zqc{"Rtqocz0"Vtqpi"pijk‒p"e泳w"p {."vƒe"ik違"u穎"f映pi"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vt ej"Principal
eqorqpgpvu"x噂k"rjfir"zqc{"Xctkocz.
Vkw"ejwp"j"u"vk"pjÔp"v"*Hcevqt"nqcfkpi+"dkw"vj"vpi"swcp"8p"dkp"ikc"ee" dkp"xk"ee"pjÔp"v."fpi"8"8pj"ik"oe"#"pij c"ec"GHC0"J"u"vk"pjÔp"v"np"pjv" e栄c"o厩k"dk院p"rj違k"n噂p"j挨p"jq員e"d茨pi"2.7"vjgq"Hair & ctg (1998)0"J"u"vk"pjÔp"v"n "ej" vk‒w" 8吋" 8違o" d違q" o泳e" #" pij c" vjk院v" vje" ec" rjÔp" v ej" GHC" *Gpuwtkpi" Rtcevkecn"
Significance). Factor loadkpi"n噂p"j挨p"2.5"8逢嬰e"zgo"n "8衣v"o泳e"v嘘k"vjk吋w="Hcevqt"nqcfkpi" n噂p"j挨p"2.6"8逢嬰e"zgo"n "swcp"vt丑pi="Hcevqt"nqcfkpi"n噂p"j挨p"2.7"8逢嬰e"zgo"n "e„"#"pij c" vj詠e"vk宇p0"P院w"ej丑p"vk‒w"ejw育p"Hcevqt"nqcfkpi"n噂p"j挨p"2.5"vj·"e叡"o磯w" v"pj医v"rj違k"n "p"?"
350; N院w"e叡"o磯w"mjq違pi"322"vj·"p‒p"ej丑p"vk‒w"ejw育p"Hcevqt"nqcfkpi"n噂p"j挨p"2.77="N院w" e叡"o磯w"mjq違pi"72"vj·"Hcevqt"nqcfkpi"rj違k"n噂p"j挨p"2.97"*Jckt"(" evi."3;;:+0"Piq k"tc." vt逢運pi"j嬰r"eƒe"dk院p"e„"Hcevqt"nqcfkpi"8逢嬰e"vt ej"x q"ee"pjÔp"v"mje"pjcw"o "ejpj" nej"vtpi"u"tv"pj"*ee"pj "pijkp"ew"vjpi"ejr"pjp"pj"jp"2.5+."ve"n "mjằpi" vq"pp"u"mje"dkv"8"8k"fkp"ejq"ov"pjÔp"v."vjÃ"dkp"8"e pi"d"nqk"x "ee"dkp"ep" nk" u" 8e" pjo" x q" pjƠp" v" vpi" pi" 8«" 8逢嬰e" t¿v" vt ej" vt‒p" oc" vt壱p" o磯w" *Rcvvgtp" Ocvtkz+0"Vt‒p"vj詠e"v院"ƒr"f映pi."xk羽e"ƒr"f映pi"v瑛pi"o泳e"j羽"u嘘"v違k"x噂k"v瑛pi"mjq違pi"m ej" vj逢噂e"o磯w"n "mjƒ"mj„"mj<p."fq"x壱{"pi逢運k"vc"vj逢運pi"n医{"j羽"u嘘"v違k"2067"jq員e"207"n o"o泳e" vk‒w"ejw育p"x噂k"e叡"o磯w"v瑛"342"8院p"f逢噂k"572="n医{"vk‒w"ejw育p"j羽"u嘘"v違k"n "205"x噂k"e叡"o磯w"v瑛" 572"vt荏"n‒p0"Vtqpi"pijk‒p"e泳w"p {."e叡"o磯w"n "256."fq"8„"pj英pi"dk院p"swcp"uƒv"e„"j羽"u嘘"v違k" n噂p"j挨p"2.7"u胤"8逢嬰e"ik英"n衣k"x "8逢嬰e"zgo"n "e„"#"pij c"vj詠e"vk宇p0
3.3.2.1. Akｚu kiうp"8あ phân tích EFA.
RjƠp"v ej"GHC"fc"vtp"e"u"ok"swcp"j"ikc"ee"dkp"8q"npi."xÃ"x{."vte"mjk" sw{v"8pj"u"fpi"GHC"ep"rjk"zgo"zv"ok"swcp"j"ikc"ee"dkp"8q"npi"p {0"U" f映pi" oc" vt壱p" j羽" u嘘" v逢挨pi" swcp" e„" vj吋" pj壱p" dk院v" 8逢嬰e" o泳e" 8瓜" swcp" j羽" ik英c" eƒe" dk院p" *Piw{宇p"A·pj"Vj丑."4233+0"P院w"eƒe"j羽"u嘘"v逢挨pi"swcp"pj臼"*>2.5+"vj·"u穎"f映pi"GHC"mj»pi" rj́"j嬰r"(Hair & ctg, 2006)0"O瓜v"u嘘"vk‒w"ej "8ƒpj"ikƒ"o嘘k"swcp"j羽"ik英c"eƒe"dk院p"x "u詠" rj"jr"xk"f"nkw"vtqpi"rjÔp"v ej"GHC"pj"ucw<
- Mk吋o"8鵜pj"Dctvngvv<"f́pi"8吋"zgo"zfiv"oc"vt壱p"v逢挨pi"swcp"e„"rj違k"n "oc"vt壱p"8挨p"x鵜" K"*kfgpvkv{"ocvtkz+."n "oc"vt壱p"e„"eƒe"vj pj"rj亥p"*j羽"u嘘"v逢挨pi"swcp"ik英c"eƒe"dk院p+"d茨pi" mj»pi" x " 8逢運pi" ejfiq" *j羽" u嘘" v逢挨pi" swcp" x噂k" ej pj" p„+" d茨pi" 30" P院w" rjfir" mk吋o" 8鵜pj"
43
n "ee"dkp"e"swcp"j"xk"pjcw"vtqpi"vpi"vj."xke"rjÔp"v ej"pjÔp"v"n "rj"jr"8k"xk" v壱r"f英"nk羽w"8cpi"zfiv0
- Mk吋o"8鵜pj"MOQ"*Mckugt-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequce{+"n "ej雨"u嘘" f́pi"8吋"uq"uƒpj"8瓜"n噂p"e栄c"j羽"u嘘"v逢挨pi"swcp"ik英c"jck"dk院p"Zi và Xjx噂k"8瓜"n噂p"e栄c"j羽"u嘘" v逢挨pi"swcp"tk‒pi"rj亥p"e栄c"ej¿pi"(Norusis, 1994) f́pi"8吋"8ƒpj"ikƒ"u詠"vj ej"j嬰r"e栄c"f英" nkw"xk"rjÔp"v ej"pjÔp"v"mjo"rj0"Vt"u"MOQ"vj ej"jr"e"ik"vt"v"207"ẻ 3."e”p"p院w" pj逢"ej雨"u嘘"p {"pj臼"j挨p"207"vj· rjÔp"v ej"pjÔp"v"e"mj"p<pi"mjằpi"rj"jr"xk"ee"f" nk羽w"*Vt丑pi"("Pi丑e."422:+0"Fq"8„."MOQ"e pi"n噂p"e pi"v嘘v"x·"rj亥p"ejwpi"ik英c"eƒe"dk院p" e pi"n噂p0"A吋"u穎"f映pi"GHC."MOQ"rj違k"n噂p"j挨p"2.70"Mckugt"*3;96+"8隠"pij鵜"MOQ"œ"2.;<" t医v"v嘘v="MOQ"œ"2.:<"v嘘v="MOQ"œ"2.9<"8逢嬰e="MOQ"œ"2.8<"v衣o"8逢嬰e="MOQ"œ"2.7<"z医w"x " MOQ">"2.7<"mj»pi"vj吋"ej医r"pj壱p"8逢嬰e0
- J羽"u嘘"rj逢挨pi"uck"vt ej"*Xctkcpeg"gzrnckpgf"etkvgtkc+<"n "rj亥p"vt<o"rj逢挨pi"uck"vq p" d"8e"ikk"vj ej"dk"ee"pjÔp"v0"Rjpi"uck"vt ej"ep"8v"oe"vkw"ejwp"v"72'"vt np"8"rjp"vt<o"u"dkp"vjkp"ec"ee"pjÔp"v"e"vj"ikk"vj ej"8e"dpi"rjp"vt<o"u" dk院p"vjk‒p"e栄c"eƒe"dk院p"swcp"uƒv0
- M ej"vj逢噂e"o磯w<"A吋"u穎"f映pi"GHC"e亥p"m ej"vj逢噂e"o磯w"n噂p0"X医p"8隠"zƒe"8鵜pj"m ej" vj逢噂e"o磯w"rj́"j嬰r"n "x医p"8隠"rj泳e"v衣r."vj»pi"vj逢運pi"f詠c"vjgq"mkpj"pijk羽o0"(Hair & ctg, 2006) ejq"t茨pi"8吋"u穎"f映pi"GHC."m ej"vj逢噂e"o磯w"v嘘k"vjk吋w"rj違k"n "72."v嘘v"j挨p"n "322"x "v益" n羽"swcp"uƒv1dk院p"8q"n逢運pi"n "7<3."pij c"n "o瓜v"dk院p"8q"n逢運pi"e亥p"v嘘k"vjk吋w"7"swcp"uƒv."v嘘v" pj医v"n "32<3"vt荏"n‒p0"雲"pijk‒p"e泳w"p {"e叡"o磯w"8«"rj́"j嬰r"*zgo"n衣k"rj亥p"ej丑p"o磯w"x "m院v" sw違"pijk‒p"e泳w+0
3.3.2.2. Tiêu chuｂn chがn sぐn⇔ぢng nhân tぐ.
E"pjkw"rjpi"rjr"ejp"pjÔp"v."ep"ik"n "ejp"8ko"fpi."ep"ej"#"vjo"n " eƒe"pj "pijk‒p"e泳w"mj»pi"u穎"f映pi"o瓜v"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"tk‒pi"dk羽v"p q"vtqpi"zƒe"8鵜pj"u嘘" npi"ee"pjÔp"v"o "j"vjpi"mv"jr"pjkw"vkw"ej "mje"pjcw"*Jckt"("evi."4228+0"Dc" rjpi" rjr" vj逢運pi" 8逢嬰e" u穎" f映pi" n <" *3+" vk‒w" ej " gkigpxcnwg." *4+" vk‒w" ej " 8k吋o" i«{" *uetgg"vguv"etkvgtkqp="Ecvvgnn"3;;8+"x "*5+"ze"8pj"vte"u"npi"pjÔp"v0
- Vk‒w"ej " gkigpxcnwg<"n " o瓜v"vk‒w"ej "u穎" f映pi rj鰻"dk院p"vtqpi"zƒe"8鵜pj"u嘘" n逢嬰pi" pjÔp"v"vtqpi"rjÔp"v ej"GHC."8k"fkp"ejq"rjp"dkp"vjkp"8e"ikk"vj ej"dk"ok"pjÔp" v0" Xk" vkw" ej " p {." u" npi" pjÔp" v" 8e" ze" 8pj" " pjÔp" v" *fpi" " pjÔp" v+" e„" gkigpxcnwg"v嘘k"vjk吋w"d茨pi"3"*œ"3+"x "rj逢挨pi"uck"vt eh > 0,5 (Gerbing và Anderson, 1988).
44
*Vtqpi"pijk‒p"e泳w"p {."rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"p {"8逢嬰e"vƒe"ik違"u穎"f映pi+0
- Vkw"ej "8ko"iơ{<"e pi"vjpi"8e"u"fpi"8"ze"8pj"u"npi"pjƠp"v0"Vkw" ej "p {"fc"x q"8e"dkw"fkp"ikc"u"pjƠp"v"*vte"jq pj+"x "ik"vt"gkigpxcnwg"*vte" vwpi+0"Ako"iơ{"n "8ko"vk"8"8pi"dkw"fkp"gkigpxcnwg"?"h*u"pjƠp"v+"vjc{"8k"8v" pi瓜v"8瓜"f嘘e0
- Ejp"vte"u"npi"ee"pjƠp"v<"u"npi"pjƠp"v"8e"ze"8pj"vte"fc"x q"n#" vjw{v0
3.3.3. Phân tích v⇔￢pi"swcp"x "jげi quy bじi.
- RjÔp"v ej"vpi"swcp<"vje"jkp"rjÔp"v ej"vpi"swcp"Rgctuqp"ikc"ee"dkp"8e" n壱r"x噂k"dk院p"rj映"vjw瓜e"pj茨o"mj鰯pi"8鵜pj"e„"o嘘k"swcp"j羽"vw{院p"v pj"ik英c"dk院p"rj映"vjw瓜e" x "ee"dkp"8e"nr."8kw"p {"ejpi"v"xke"u"fpi"rjÔp"v ej"jk"sw{"8c"dkp"n "rj"jr" ikc"ee"dkp0"Ik"vt"vw{v"8k"ec"j"u"Rgctuqp"e pi"ip"8p"3" vjÃ"jck"dkp"e"ok" vpi"swcp"vw{p"v pj"e pi"ejv"ej0""8Ô{"vc"u"fpi"mko"8pj"oe"#"pij c"4"rj c"xk" o泳e"#"pij c"g">"2.23"8吋"zƒe"8鵜pj"o嘘k"swcp"j羽"vw{院p"v pj"ik英c"eƒe"dk院p"8瓜e"n壱r"x噂k"dk院p rj"vjwe"vte"mjk"vkp"j pj"rjÔp"v ej"jk"sw{"*Vtpi"("Pie."422:+.
- RjÔp"v ej"jk"sw{"8c"dkp<"vje"jkp"oằ"jÃpj"jc"ok"swcp"j"vw{p"v pj"ikc"ee" dk院p"d茨pi"o»"j·pj"j欝k"sw{"vw{院p"v pj0"O»"j·pj"p {"u胤"o»"v違"j·pj"vj泳e"e栄c"o嘘k"nk‒p"j羽"x " swc"8„"ik¿r"vc"f詠"8qƒp"8逢嬰e"o泳e"8瓜"e栄c"dk院p"rj映"vjw瓜e"*x噂k"8瓜"ej pj"zƒe"vtqpi"o瓜v" rj衣o"xk"ik噂k"j衣p+"mjk"dk院v"vt逢噂e"ikƒ"vt鵜"e栄c"dk院p"8瓜e"n壱r" *Vt丑pi"("Pi丑e."422:+.Trong
pijk‒p" e泳w" p {" u胤" vj詠e" jk羽p" j欝k" sw{" 8c" dk院p" vjgq" rjpi" rjr" Gpvgt" 8" zÔ{" fpi" rj逢挨pi" vt·pj" j欝k" sw{" x " mk吋o" 8鵜pj" eƒe" ik違" vjw{院v" dcp" 8亥w0" Sw{" vt·pj" 8逢嬰e" vj詠e" jk羽p" i欝o<
o Xây f詠pi"rj逢挨pi"vt·pj"j欝k"sw{<"["?" 0-" 1 X1-" 2 X2-"È"-" p"Zp"-"g
o Mk吋o"8鵜pj"ik違"vjw{院v"x隠"8瓜"rj́"j嬰r"e栄c"o»"j·pj"j欝k"sw{"8嘘k"x噂k"v壱r"f英"nk羽w"vj»pi" swc"j羽"u嘘"zƒe"8鵜pj"T"d·pj"rj逢挨pi"8«"jk羽w"ej雨pj."pj医v"n "e亥p"rj違k"vj詠e"jk羽p"mk吋o" 8鵜pj"ikƒ"vt鵜"H"8吋"zƒe"8鵜pj"8瓜 rj́"j嬰r"e栄c"o»"j·pj"j欝k"sw{"x噂k"v鰻pi"vj吋0
o Mk吋o"8鵜pj"ik違"vjw{院v"x隠"#"pij c"e栄c"j羽"u嘘"j欝k"sw{"v瑛pi"vj pj"rj亥p"8吋"mj鰯pi"8鵜pj" jc{"dƒe"d臼"pj英pi"ik違"vjw{院v"dcp"8亥w0
o Mko"8pj"pjpi"ik"vjw{v"x"rjƠp"rjk"ejwp"ec"rjp"f"fc"vjgq"dkw"8"vp" u嘘"e栄c"rj亥p"f逢"ejw育p"j„c."zgo"ikƒ"vt鵜"vtwpi"d·pj"d茨pi"2"x "8瓜"n羽ej"ejw育p"d茨pi"30
45
o Zƒe"8鵜pj"o泳e"8瓜"違pj"j逢荏pi"e栄c"eƒe"{院w"v嘘"vƒe"8瓜pi"8院p"dk院p"rj映"vjw瓜e<"j羽"u嘘" " e栄c"{院w"v嘘"p q"e pi"n噂p"vj·"e„"vj吋"pj壱p"zfiv"t茨pi"{院w"v嘘"8„"e„"違pj"j逢荏pi"e pi"n噂p" 8院p"dk院p"rj映"vjw瓜e0
o Ngoài ra, c亥p"rj違k"zgo"zfiv"o泳e"8瓜"違pj"j逢荏pi"e栄c"jk羽p"v逢嬰pi"8c"e瓜pi"vw{院p" Ỵ
Collinearity Statistic (VIF ỴXctkcpeg"Kphncvkqp"Hcevqt+<"n "jk羽p"v逢嬰pi"mjk"eƒe"dk院p" 8瓜e"n壱r"e„"v逢挨pi"swcp"ej員v"ej胤"x噂k"pjcw0"Vjgq"*Vt丑pi"("Pi丑e."422:+ vj·"mjk"j羽" u嘘"XKH"x逢嬰v"swƒ"32"*XKH"@32+."8„"n "f医w"jk羽w"e栄c"jk羽p"v逢嬰pi"8c"e瓜pi"vw{院p0
o A欝pi"vj運k."e pi"zgo"zfiv"eƒe"ik違"vjw{院v"j欝k"sw{"e„"jk羽p"v逢嬰pi"rj逢挨pi"uck"e栄c"eƒe" u嘘"j衣pi"mj»pi"ik嘘pi"pjcw."jc{"e”p"i丑k"n "rj逢挨pi"uck"e栄c"uck"u嘘"j欝k"sw{"vjc{"8鰻k0"
Khi có hk羽p"v逢嬰pi"rj逢挨pi"uck"vjc{"8鰻k"vj·"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"eƒe"j羽"u嘘"j欝k"sw{"* +"mj»pi" jk羽w" sw違0" F詠c" x q" 8瓜" n噂p" e栄c" rj亥p" f逢" ejw育p" j„c" *Tgitguukqp" Uvcpfctfk¦gf" Tgukfwcn+."p院w"ikƒ"vt鵜"p {"v<pi"jc{"ik違o"vjgq"ikƒ"vt鵜"f詠"8qƒp"vj·"e„"mj違"p<pi"xk"