Nhu da. trlnh bay, trong qua trlnh can, khe hc'1 gtua 2 tr\lc lam vi(!c cua may can can pha.i dieu chinh dUQc. Cci h¢p can, chi chlnh m¢t Hin khe hb gina' 2 tn}-c can cho m('lt lo~i san ph6m (nhl1 trong may can LT). Cci hQp can Cll sau mdi tan can l;;ti phai chlnh khe hc'1 (nhu trong may can QTN).
De dj(~u chinh khe bO, co the djch chuyen trl,lc trAn ho~c duoi rna thuang lil trl,lc tren. Vi~c dieu chlnh co the la bAng tay hollic tJ! dt"lng.
Truyen d9ng ChD thiet hi ep tr\lc cdn" dam baD dai dieu chl.nh t6c d9 r9ng va thai gian rna may va ham may ngan nhat. Tuy 1DI;I-i may can, truyen d9ng thi($t bi ep tr\lc cling can dam baD :
- rna may va daD chieu m9t hay d6ng thai ca 2 trl,lc ep khi co phoi can (thllang d6i vai may can ia),
- d~ch chuy€n 2 trl,lc ep ve 2 phia khac nhau (rat can khi chinh li cac df;lng kh:uyet t~t cua phDi can nhll nhap nha be m$.t, cDng venh .. ),
'. - dich dong b<) ca 2 tr\lc ep khi cling lam vi~c va co giai hf;ln dich chuygn tai vi tri cao nhM va thap nh5t,
- co the' kie'm tra dUQc khaang djch,
d~c dnh Cd cua truyen dOng co df;lng d:;ic tinh may xuc.
Toc d9 djch chuygn truc ep cling tuy laf;li may. De- rut ng.1n thai gian djch chuyen, a cac may can phoi vuong, phai d~t ho:;ic cac may can tam day va trung blnh, thuang toc dQ djch truc lil Ian. Nhllng d6i vai cac may can HIm mong, can khe ho giUa 2 trl,lc lam vi$c chinh xac thi t6c dQ dich If;li nho Sau day ia mQt 96 toc dQ dich tr\lc (mm/s) :
- may can phoi vuong Ian v. trung binh 100 250
- may can phoi vuong nh6 50 ~ 100
- may can pMi d,?t 100 ~ 150
- may can I. day v. trung blnh 5 .,. 25
- may can phan lo~i 2 trl,lc v. 3 tr\lc 2 - 5
- may can Ia mang 4 tr\lc 0,05 .,. 1,0
- may can nhieu tr1,lc 0,005 0,01
Hinh 8-59 cha Sd do thie"t bi ep tr\lc co toc de) djch chuyen Ian (tai 250mm/s) cua may can phai vuong 1150.
Trong do :
1 - Than thep due 3 - D6ng Cd
5 Banh rang d$m (banh rang trung gian)
7 - Vanh banh rang 9 - Ecu co djnh 11 - Pittong tr1,l 13 - Then 15 Chot 2- Vanh dinh vi 4 - Banh r~ng nha
6- Banh r~ng lien ket quay
tv do tren truc 11
8- MO~d co 16 vuong
10- Vit ep trl,lc 12- Xilanh thuy Ivc
14- Dall tr\lc hinh cau 16- BO truyen hl.nh con, chi thi dQ ep.
Hlnh 8-60 cho sd d6 thi€t bi ep trl,lc co toc d9
mm/s) cua may can 4 tr1,lc 500 x 1500/2500.
dich chuye'n nha (0,11 + 0,22
170
Trang do :
1- Li hqp di$n tit (M = 3 kNm) 3- Khap n61 banh rang
2- DQng cd truyen d9ng thie"t bi ep tr\lc -1.,5- B(> gi3.m t6c trl,lc vit i6m (gI6boit)
6- Vit ep tr\lc 7- BO truyen banh r~ng con
8- HQP t6c 9- Xen xin cam bien
(07,)8 (II~ -Iii i\ {(;;;2 Trvc' df;~1jI CrT m _L_-<'-r,/Il"/O _ _ _ 1092 __ -....-1- _878 - - - - ~ 1170 1-45 I -!--- , I / '" L __ /~ , Z~35_,;f7-10 ~ LJ j5Y,dY --L ____ 17M "-) __ J
Khi khong co phOi, do tn;mg lUQng trl,lc can tren ma co khe ha gifra cac khe rllng cua trl,lc ep va tr1.Jc vit (hlnh 8-61). Ecu trl,lc ep 1 g:in voi tr\lc can se tt len cac khe rang tr\lc vit 2 va t~o khe hO phla tren. Luc ngo!;lm phoi, tr\lc can trlin bi nAy Illn s~ sinh Itlc va d~p Ian snh hl1O'ng tai tu6i thQ cua may. Do vl),y, cac h9p can cAn co thie"t bi cAn bllng de nAng tr\lc can :tren len. Thiet bi cAn bA.ng, co lo~i dung 16 xo, ~ung d6i trQng ho/).c thuy h,tc. Hinh 8-62 Ia thi/~l b'i cAn bang dung d6i trQng a may can phOi d~t l150. Hinh 8-63 la thie"t bi can bAng dung 16
xu 0' may can Iilln t\lc 700/500. ffinh 8-61 KII,' 1i,'1 gUJa khc r:'lng ella
true c"f"v,', tru( vii
fflnh 8-62. Thi"l hi can tilng dung dt'li m.mg ella may can ph{\i d!;:! l150.
So dfj h¢ truyen d¢ng thi€t bi ep tr/!-c (F-D) :
Hlnh 8-64 Iii. so d6 m~ch h,tc M truy~n d9ng trl,lc v1t cua thiet bi ep trl,lc dung h(i F-D. HaP. dt!ng co mqt chi~u ID va 2D quay 2 trl,lc vit dUQc ciip di~n tu mt!t may phat co di~n ap phat dinh muc thubng la 460 v, bllng 2 Ifin di~n tip dinh muc clla m6i dl)ng Cel. CuOn klch tit cua may phat F dUQc ca:p diti'in va di~u khi~n qua bO di~u khien DKKTE.
Khi 2 d()ng cel tr1,lc v(t lam vili\c d6ng thbi thi chung dUQc mac n6i W!p nha
c6ngtactel K va di~n tip ca:p cho d()ng cel 13. djnh muc. Trl,lc 2 dt!ng Cel dl1Qc niSi cung nha Ii hQp di~n tu de dAm bllo djch tr\lc ep d6ng bl).
Khi 1 dt!ng Cel tI¥c vit lam vi~c rieng (chAng hliln phAi djch tI¥c ep trai, ung v{ji dOng Cel keo ID) thl Ii h<;Jp di~n tu nhA, cOngtl1.cta K nhA, dt!ng cel 2D dUQC cat
di~n, con d¢ng cO' ID dUQc dong di$n qua c6ngtlktO' lK vA di~n ap cap lA 1/2 di$n ap djnh milc cua may phat.
"
+--+lHII-l'- -+lit----t- -~ --jjt--t ~--t---ilt-itl=!-
"-
_lL _...lE"----'~==-
SO' do ep truy~n dqng thi~t bi ep trl,lc vtla mb ta. lit dO'n gian vA kinh M nhat. Nhung nhuQc di€m cua SO' d6 lit : khong the cho 2 tr\lc vit citng lAm vi$c thC'o 2 hudng khac nhau, rat cAn khi dieu chinh
I
CP
F
RD
2<
m"h 8-fi4. Sd dd m(lch h,le truy~n dQng h¢ thOng cp tn,lc, clip di~n III 1 mi'ly philt.
\74
prophin ph6i can.
NhllQC di~m tr~n dUQc khac phl,lC d"
SO' d6 hlnh 8-65 v{Ji vi$c dung may phat ri@,ng cho m6i d(mg cO' truy~n d9ng tr\lc vlt vA m~ch philn dng cac dl)ng CO' kh6ng co cac ti€p diem c6ngtactO'. Cac may phat ri~ng Be cho phep 2 dl)ng cO' tr\lc vft Him vi~c d6ng thoi theo 2 huang khac nha.u va d6ng bl) du'IC vi~c dich 2 trl,lc ep rna khOng dn Ii hQP di~n ttl.
Trong SO' d6, kfch tu cho may phat dlJQc cap di4;m ttl may di(!n khu€ch d~i M.IlKD. MDKD co nhi~m V\l nhli m9t bq khu€ch d~i cOng BuAt, con khuech
d~i to: dao chieu KDT d co chL1c na.ng
di~u khi€n. Cac khu~ch d~i ttl khOng dAo chi~u KDT di~u chlnh d¢ IOn di$n
ap ngilt theo dong di~n, tuy thea di(m lip cua may phat (qua cu(m CA). Di~n lip may phat du:qc so sanh voi tin hi~u d~t cho phep h~ kfch ttl tac dQng nhanh voi
h~ so khu@'ch d!;li Ion. Cu¢n dieu khien CDK dil!u khien mt1c dQ cU:Bng buc kich tu
va dam bao gii1 khOng d6i bOi s6 cu:ong buc di4;m ap cua khuech d~i tu KDT d khi thay d6i tin hi~u d~t trong gi6i h~n Ion. Dung ngat thea dong de dong co co d~c tinh. may xuc. So d6 dam bao d~p tu thong kich tu may phat, lo~i tru toc dQ bo cua trl,lc ep va gill cAn bang t8.i gilla 2 trl,lc vit khi chung lam vi~c dong tliai.