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HENRI PAUỊ GIRIIN
MIA TOAIU HOC I VA MIA SU PHA}I ỊÓT
Nlui tcttirr lroc tlu
rtgtirrlr, rtltd stt pltutrr
rrittg ttlti{t, trlri tlitt,q
,ttirtg, lt.?1t rrlrtirrtllt,trt'lt<rkị ,l,i li l[,'trt i llt,trt'lt<rkị ,l,i li l[,'trt i l>rtttl ('tútttn r Att!-t'i P0rt ('uc-ttitrg) .yitrlr Itqr).t',.7.1q()J ttri tlrittlr pl16' ll tttrt't' trttric Pltip.
CLrOịthring 6-2(X)4 gin nhu rrir, c6 bi\ r,o di
kdm diy,' rc liiu, Ilcnri thrLc srr xric dOng khi ong
viro pht)ng rli0n kich cirt 'fnLt)ng Cao diing Su pliarn I)itris (llcolc Norrrale SLrpiricurc rlc Palis:
IINS), noi xLra kiu [{. Cartan theo hoc, dC dtL tii
chirc l6 mirng tho 100 tuCii cta mOt trong nhr)ng
grrong miit trong d;ri cira toirn hoc Phhp. HcnLi Cartan cdn xfrc clOng hon khi nhan cluir tiing cuir nhlnrg ban đng nglriOp 'I\'ung QLrOc r,I Nhit
Iliin neii tiing nhit. Diy lir rnot birng chfrng vd str toa rang quoc tc cira rthr'r sring lAp nh6m llourbaki crroi cirng cdn song, nhir circh trlu sa), stla \/6i grang tlay tohn cr- Phl.rp, nhii s/rng tao nhlnrg coug crr toiin hoc, nhir khoa hoc cl[n than
brio r,0 nhAn c}r1,dn...
IL Cartan lI mOt cou ngLrdi cd niirn tin vI ldng
clirng crirr. N'lot biOu hi0ir ro ring L\ niirri 193-5',
Clartau cirng r,6i biiu minh ll ;\nclrd Weil, quyct dinh xAy drnrg lai nhlnrg cd so cira toilrn hoc, btit đu til girii tich. Nh6m huydn thoai lklrrbaki ra rld'ị Nlun 19,16. ngal,situ chi€ir tritnh, I{. Cartan
d0ir nttcic Dfrc dC gip ciic ban d0ng nghi0p ulurn phLrc hdíl'r'LLirng toiin hoc cprOc gia cira họ'IrLtdc
cltl it lau IỊ Clartan dn biit anh rninh bi hr\nh
cptyei vi cti hoat d0ng khiing chicn. Niun 1973,
ILCartan clii cirng r'6i L.aurent Schúartz vI
Michcl Ilrou6 1,eLr ciLr thir nhir toiur hoc Nga Leonici PlioLrchtch bi gianr gilt o Li0n X0. Vir de
thirnh cong I IỊ Cartan cting li sírng lap vi0n cua
Hoi dOng circ nhi toiin hoc. Hoi dOng nr\y sau d6
dil cprtru tarn derir nhlmg ban cldng nghi€p khi:rc bi
biic'dhi, nhit lI ri Narr l)hr.
NhrLng Hcnri Clartan ncii tiing nhat l)r iv llnh
vuc toiin hoc. Giong nhu bo Cartan lI Illie
.Toseph Cartan (Irli CiiO-dep Cac-tlng), cirng lir nhir toliu hoc utli tiéirg. IIcnri Cartan cluau tAm
tcii nhfrng hirtn nhit)rr liioh phrit: r,I cllrt n^dn m6ng
cLra 1i thut,it ctic lti (Th6orie des faisceaux),
nhffng doi tuo-ng n]ry li nhlnrg cong cu manh rat therng dung, nhft lI ii giai tfch. I{. Cartan li\ nhi
tohn hoc di đu siiug tit() r'u nt()[ llnh rụ inrli lir
Dui s6'đtrg rliirt. Naiur 19.56. cirng r(;r Santue I
Ir,ilenberg, Il. Cartan dit xtrit bun ntor rric phiint
vi de titi 116 r,i tiii bíut nhriLr lin. \lor \o n!rr(ir
drit biCt clanh cho crrtin siich cl(r la Clrr kltrit,: tong cl€ nh[n manh srI trud'l]g tiin cLra ntị Nitr1rtg
k-i thuAt niry clirng rl0 giiri nhlLng bii torin c.L r u
hinh hoc r,i vd tOpO hoc holrc vi girii tich.
Ngoiri nhlmg cong trinh cl6, iinh hLrtrrg cLra
Ilenri Cartan cr)n l0 rd clrra khoiing 20 cuoc iroi
thtio mit IỊ Clurtan tCi chric giitti nhlnrg narr
1948 vir 1963 r-v [rNS. Da1, la noi lirn viec nhiciu
nllnt citu circ gil'ro srr r,) sinlt vien rnuiin tiip cun
vtii trhfrrlu, bi\i toiin hiOn daị "Moi t tii plttii dtnr
cltríttg trtittlt. Doi khi lLitt., ttlttrttg, kltitrg tir
lr)r,q", Jcau I)icrrc Scrre, giiii thrrtrng lrielcls nitri 195,1. girii thurrng Wolf niirn 2000 vI girii thrtirns ,\bcl niun 2003. nh6 lai khi Ciirtan diir
gịiLr rriot "16 hcing" uhr) tlonS L'r.l()c hoi thiio thLi
bạ Ngttr)i ta dlt bict rlrinit cho ]1. Cartan lir "con
rriir6i" r"i ong thich 'ci nhrtng ngurlr kh/rc khi
tranlt lutin". nhtr lcr-i cLra Picrrc C'articr. Cliirrl dclc
CNITS (Trung tim Qur'ic girr ngltien cfru Khoa
hoc l)hrip). ,\ntlrieu I)oLr.rclr d (rrlarng l)ai hoc
Orsay xirc uhan stt chrrt chi culr giho sLt cira
rninh : "Curtutt kltittr,.< lt,) tIttt rtlritrt,< .stt kltirti4.chitrlt.rit', t'i 6ttg lit ttl4rttii lttr. b,it /tc". chitrlt.rit', t'i 6ttg lit ttl4rttii lttr. b,it /tc".
"l Icttt'i Curttttt li ttic ltrti t Litt iti tlt(t.\ (li:i":
Picrrc Carticr ndi t6nr trit. I)Lrrrr r.rr. drruc cllio
tao thco chch cir nhLLnq IỊ C'art.rn tli tit bo krcrr
cu cl5 cle ciich tln toiir hoc. rhc'hicn clua viOc xa1, dLrng co sd torin hoc cLra nir6rl llor"rrhaki Itouc nli[lng bii grang cLrt lnhh o ENS.
"\'t toitt ltot-, cltirtlt Hettri Cut ttttr vi Luttrctrt Scln'url: tlu tloli rrtii t'tir'(-lul(iltg tr-itií, Pierre Cartrc-r n6i 16 thc'rn. 'l'rong nhirrrg niim sau chien tranh. moi chi phrii giy dung laị Lirc đLr,
Cartan soan thio nhlrng giiio trinh cho nhung
ruarn clliu, nhlmg giiro trinh thirc sJ, c6c kl thi nh.rp hoc. Ong cirrrg r,rii Schrvartz cluyet dinh trit cạ Ho narn so phun cita tAt cii ciic lhanh tticu I)hdp say, sua vdi to{n hoc thdi d5, nhung kh0ng bao gid'larn clLrng cprydn hi\nh.
"'l'tíl r-ti clrfirtg tu tle u ld ltQc lrit cL)u llet't'i Curturí, Pierre Cartier kel luAn. Dci l)r Jcan-
Pierre Serre, Rend 'l'hom, Roger Goclement hoac Alcxander Grothenclieck..., titc li\ nhting nhir
toiin hoc ncii tietrg trong rnay thAp niOn quạ
DAVID LAI{OUSSERITl
(N gu,vrirr \/citt'l'ltiim luoc dich
tlreo 1.rr Rct'lterc'hc thdng 9.2004)
.a"Jjlt:.,::: l) i