3.2. TH衛C HI烏N
3.2.3. L詠a ch丑n gi 違k"rjƒr"vj吋 hi 羽n n瓜i dung:
Vi羽c th吋 hi羽n nhi隠u ch雨 vk‒w"vt‒p"épi"o瓜t b違p"8欝 nw»p"n "o瓜v"d k"vqƒp"e亥n gi違i quy院t c栄a nh英pi"pi逢運k"n o"d違p"8欝 x·"mjk"n逢嬰pi"vj»pi"vkp"e pi"pjk隠w"vj·"vj·"v pj"vt詠c quan s胤e pi"ik違m. Eƒe"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vj吋 hi羽n b違p"8欝 e挨"d違p"vj逢運ng ch雨f́pi"8吋 ph違n
ƒpj"o瓜t ch雨 vk‒w (8挨p"dk院p+0"Eƒe"d違p"8欝 8c"dk院p"vj逢運pi"8”k"j臼k"pi逢運k"n o"d違p"8欝 ph違i v壱n d映ng nhi隠w"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr."j·pj"vj泳c, k悦p<pi"8吋 x穎 n#"f英 li羽w"x "vj吋 hi羽n sao cho
8違m b違q"{‒w"e亥w"8員v"tc"dcp"8亥u v隠v pj"vt詠c quan l磯n v隠 kh違p<pi"mjck"vjƒe"u穎 d映ng.
a) A嘘i v噂i Ch雨vk‒w"v鰻ng h嬰p HDI
C„"vj吋 f́pi"8欝 gi違k"8吋 cho th医{"pjcpj"Ðx鵜 vt - v鵜 th院Ñ"e栄a t瑛ng t雨nh. 雲 8¤{."x医n
8隠 c亥p"8員v"tc"n "xk羽e"rj¤p"pj„o"f英 li羽u.Vi羽e"rj¤p"pj„o"f英 li羽w"vtqpi"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"8欝
gi違k"8„pi"xck"vt”"sw{院v"8鵜pj"8院n ch医v"n逢嬰ng k院t qu違.
JFK"fcq"8瓜ng t瑛 0,222"8院n 1,000.
Vjgq"WPFR""vtqpi"ÐDƒq"eƒq"rjƒv"vtk吋p"eqp"pi逢運i 2007/2008Ñ"]22], eƒe"p逢噂c
8逢嬰e"ejkc"vj pj"5"pj„o"f詠c"x q"o泳e"8瓜rjƒv"vtk吋p"eqp"pi逢運k"swc"JFK"pj逢"ucw<
- Pj„o"rjƒv"vtk吋p"eqp"pi逢運i cao: HDI >0,8.
- Pj„o"rjƒv"vtk吋p"eqp"pi逢運k"vtwpi"d·pj<"HDI t瑛2.722"8院n 0,799. - Pj„o"rjƒv"vtk吋p"eqp"pi逢運i th医p: HDI <0,5.
Do s詠rjƒv"vtk吋n c栄c"eƒe"sw嘘c gia, t瑛 p<o"422;."vtqpi"ÐDƒq"eƒq"rjƒv"vtk吋n con
pi逢運k"422;Ñ"[21], WPFR"8逢c"x q"vj‒o"pj„o"o噂k"Ðrjƒv"vtk吋n r医v"ecqÑ"ejq"eƒe"p逢噂e"e„"
HDI @20;"*eƒe"pj„o"e”p"n衣k"e„"o泳e"ejkc"pj逢"e +"x pj逢"x壱y, theo ch雨 s嘘 JFK."eƒe" p逢噂e"8逢嬰e"ejkc"vj pj"b嘘n pj„o"x噂k"eƒe"pi逢叡pi"2.;="2.:"x "2.7.
Fq"8員e"vj́"e栄a Vi羽v"Pco"n "o瓜v"p逢噂e"e„"o泳e"rjƒv"vtk吋p"vtwpi"d·pj."m院t qu違 HDI c栄c"eƒe"v雨nh t壱p trung nhi隠u 荏 m泳e"vtwpi"d·pj"vjgq"sw{"8鵜nh c栄a th院 gi噂i (t瑛 2.7"8院n
2.:+."fq"8„."ta c亥p"e„"eƒej"rj¤p"pj„o"ejk"vk院v"j挨p0"
Vtqpi"v k"nk羽w"ÐRjƒv"vtk吋p"eqp"pi逢運i Vi羽t Nam 1999-2004: Nh英pi"vjc{"8鰻k"x " zw"j逢噂ng ch栄 y院uÑ"[23], pj„o"vƒe"ik違ejkc"eƒe"v雨nh Vi羽v"Pco"vj pj"5"pj„o<""
- Pj„o"rjƒv"vtk吋n cao: HDI >0,7.
- Pj„o"rjƒv"vtk吋n truni"d·pj<"HDI t瑛 0,6 8院n 0,7. - Pj„o"rjƒv"vtk吋p"eqp"pi逢運i th医p: HDI <0,6.
A吋 th吋 hi羽n b違p"8欝, v噂i s嘘 n逢嬰ng 63 t雨pj"vj pj."e„"vj吋 chia nhi隠w"pj„o"j挨p"
nh茨o"n o"t "u詠rj¤p"j„c"ik英c"eƒe"v雨nh.
A吋e„"m院t qu違rj¤p"pj„o"v嘘t, c亥n ph違i kh違q"uƒv"d瓜 d英 li羽u c映 th吋.
Bi吋w"8欝 rj¤p"d嘘jkuvqitco"*j·pj"3.1) cho th医{"ikƒ"vt鵜 JFK"rj¤p"d嘘 chu育n trong kho違pi"2.7"8院p"2.:"pj逢pi"v壱p trung nhi隠u nh医t trong kho違pi"2.8"8院n 0,75.V· v壱y c亥n
e„"u詠swcp"v¤o"ejk"vk院v"ejq"x́pi"f英 li羽w"p {0
a) HDI n<o 1999
d+"JFK"p<o"2004
c) HDI n<m 2008
A嘘i v噂k"pj„o"d違p"8欝 ph映c v映 kinh t院 qu嘘e"f¤p."e亥p"rj¤p"pj„o"f英 li羽u chi ti院t
eƒe"f英 li羽u trong kho違ng t瑛2.8"8院p"2.97"8吋 ph違p"ƒpj"8逢嬰c s詠rj¤p"j„c."piq k"tc."e pi"
c亥n gi英 l衣i nh英pi"ikƒ"vt鵜 pi逢叡ng quan tr丑ng (0,5; 0,:+"8吋 8違m b違o th吋 hi羽n x院p h衣ng
vjgq"sw{"8鵜nh th院 gi噂k0"A吋 e„"vj吋 uq"uƒpj"swc"eƒe"vj運i k vj·"rj違i s穎 d映pi"épi"o瓜t
eƒej"rj¤p"pj„o."fq"8„."ta ch医p nh壱n s胤 e„"pj英ng kho違ng chia (r医t th医p hay r医t cao)
mj»pi"e„"8嘘k"v逢嬰ng trong m瓜t s嘘 b違p"8欝. Theo nh英pi"piw{‒p"v逸e"p {."vc"u胤 ƒr"f映ng
vjcpi"rj¤p"pj„o"ucw<
- HDI>=0.8 t雨pj"e„"o泳e"8瓜rjƒv"vtk吋n r医t cao (ch雨e„"荏p<o"422:). - 0.75<HDI<= 0.799: t雨pj"e„"o泳e"8瓜rjƒv"vtk吋n cao.
- 0.70<HDI<=0.7499<"eƒe"t雨pj"e„"o泳e"8瓜rjƒv"vtk吋n cao v瑛a. - 0.65<HDI<=0.699<"eƒe"t雨pj"e„"o泳e"8瓜rjƒv"vtk吋n vtwpi"d·pj"mjƒ0
- 0.60<HDI<=2086;<"eƒe"t雨pj"e„"o泳e"8瓜rjƒv"vtk吋n vtwpi"d·pj"th医p. - 0.50<HDI<=207;;<"eƒe"t雨pj"e„"o泳e"8瓜rjƒv"vtk吋n th医p.
- HDI<=0.50: eƒe"t雨pj"e„"o泳e"8瓜rjƒv"vtk吋n r医t th医p *p<o"422:"8«"mj»pi"e”p+.
A嘘i v噂i b違p"8欝 ph映c v映 qu違pi"dƒ"vj»pi"vkp"rj鰻 vj»pi."ej雨 c亥n cjkc"vj pj"b嘘n
pj„o"8吋rj¤p"dk羽t m泳e"rjƒv"vtk吋p"ej pj<"
- Pj„o"rjƒv"vtk吋n cao: HDI>0,75.
- Pj„o"rjƒv"vtk吋n mjƒ<"HDI t瑛 0,7 8院n 0,75.
- Pj„o"rjƒv"vtk吋n vtwpi"d·pj<"JFK"v瑛2.87"8院n 0,7. - Pj„o"rjƒv"vtk吋n th医p: HDI <0,65.
b) A嘘i v噂k"eƒe"ej雨vk‒w"vj pj"rj亥n (thu nh壱p, s泳c kh臼e x "ikƒq"f映c)
Pj逢挨pi"rjƒr"dk吋w"8欝 b違p"8欝 s胤vj ej"j嬰r"8吋 th吋 hi羽p"eƒe"ikƒ"vt鵜8鵜pj"n逢嬰ng. V医n
8隠8員v"tc"n "n詠a ch丑p"j·pj"vj泳c bi吋w"8欝 sao cho tr詠c quan nh医t.
Trong eƒe"dＶp"8げ phつc vつ kinh tｘ quぐe"f¤p
Y‒w"e亥w"mjck"vjƒe"vj»pi"vkp."8q"8衣e"eƒe"ikƒ"vt鵜 chi ti院v"x "e映 th吋n "{‒w"e亥w"ej pj0" Fq"8„."e亥n s穎 d映pi"eƒe"dk吋w"8欝e„"mj違 p<pi"vj吋 hi羽p"ikƒ"vt鵜 c映 th吋0"Eƒe"dk吋w"8欝 truy隠n th嘘pi"pj逢"j·pj"e瓜v."e„"vj吋 8逢嬰c s穎 d映pi"pj逢"vtqpi"j·pj"3.2. Eƒe"dk吋w"8欝p {"u胤 8逢嬰c
H·nh 3.2: Eƒe"ej雨 s嘘vj pj"rj亥nc栄c"J N瓜k"p<o"422: th吋 hi羽n b茨ng bi吋w"8欝 c瓜t (Sぐ liうw"IFK"p<o"422:-[19])
Eƒe"dk吋w"8欝 c瓜v"ejq"rjfir"8丑e"ikƒ"vt鵜 c映 th吋 x "uq"uƒpj gi英c"eƒe"ej雨 vk‒w"pj逢pi" mj»pi"ejq"eƒk"pj·p"vt詠c quan v隠ikƒ"vt鵜 t鰻ng. Fq"8„."vc e„"vj吋 s穎 d映ng cƒe"dk吋w"8欝j·pj" dƒpj"e pi"8員t t衣i m厩i t雨nh, th吋 hi羽n s嘘 li羽u chi ti院t c栄a t瑛ng t雨nh.
H·nh 3.3: Eƒe"ej雨 s嘘 vj pj"rj亥n 荏J "Ikcpi"p<o"3;;;"vj吋 hi羽n b茨ng bi吋w"8欝 j·pj" dƒpj<"p穎c"d‒p"vtƒk"n "ikƒ"vt鵜 c栄a nam, n穎c"d‒p"rj違k"n "ikƒ"vt鵜 c栄a n英0"A瓜 l噂n chung c栄a eƒe"n穎c"x”pi"vt”p"ejq"vj医y m泳e"d·pj"8鰯ng gi噂i (Sぐ liうu GDI 2008 [19])
Bi吋w"8欝 j·pj"dƒpj"ik違i quy院t 8逢嬰c h衣n ch院 c栄a bi吋w"8欝 j·pj"e瓜v"vtqpi"j·pj"504: v瑛a cho ta th医{"t "o泳e"8瓜 8„pi"i„r"e栄a t瑛ng ch雨 vk‒w"vj pj"rj亥n v瑛a ph違p"ƒpj"ikƒ"vt鵜
t鰻pi"ejwpi"8吋 uq"uƒpj"ik英c"eƒe"v雨pj0"A員c bi羽v."mjk"f́pi"jck"p穎c"j·pj"dƒpj"ejq"pj„o"
nam n英."vc"e”p"e„"vj吋 th医{"t "o泳e"8瓜d·pj"8鰯ng gi噂i (h·pj"3.3): n院w"m ej"vj逢噂c hai n穎a
Vw{"pjk‒p."mjk"e亥n th吋 hi羽n qua nhi隠w"p<o"vj·"dk吋w"8欝dƒpj"u胤mj„"fk宇p"8衣v"t <"u詠
ch欝ng ch医v"eƒe"dk吋w"8欝 v噂k"m ej"vj逢噂e"mjƒe"pjcw"u胤 khi院n bi吋w"8欝, b違p"8欝 r医t r嘘i m逸t. S穎 d映ng Ðdk吋w"8欝ucqÑ*tcfct"itcrj+"mjk"p {"n "o瓜t l詠a ch丑n h嬰r"n#0 Trong bi吋w"8欝 sao
p {."vc"u胤 f́pi"rj c"vtƒk"8吋 th吋 hi羽p"pj„o"ej雨 vk‒w"e栄c"pco"x "rj c"rj違k"8吋 th吋 hi羽n
pj„o"ej雨vk‒w"e栄a n英. Mjk"8„<
- M ej"vj逢噂c sao (chi隠w"f k"e栄c"eƒpj+ cho bi院v"ikƒ"vt鵜 c映 th吋 c栄a t瑛ng ch雨 s嘘. - J·pj"f衣ng sao cho bi院t m泳e"8瓜rjƒv"vtk吋p"eqp"pi逢運i m衣nh/ y院u 荏 m員v"p q. - V pj"8嘘i x泳ng c栄a sao cho th医y m泳e"8瓜d·pj"8鰯ng gi噂i.
Rj⇔￢pi"rjƒr"z¤{"fばng biあw"8げ sao vずi phＺn mｚm MicrosoftExcel
D逢噂c 1: V胤x”pi"vt”p dcq"piq k."x噂k"eƒe"vkc"e詠e"eƒej"pjcw"44070."ejkc"x”pi"vt”p" vj pj"38"rj亥n b茨ng nhau.
D逢噂c 2: Ch丑n n穎c"x”pi"vt”p"d‒p"rj違i th吋 hi羽p"eƒe"ej雨 s嘘 c栄a N英, g欝o"e„<"Ej雨 s嘘
tu鰻i th丑 (tia h嬰p v噂k"rj逢挨pi"8泳pi"i„e"670
), Ch雨 s嘘ikƒq"f映c (tia h嬰p v噂k"rj逢挨pi"8泳ng
D逢噂c 3: Ch丑n n穎c"x”pi"vt”p"d‒p"rj違i th吋 hi羽p"eƒe"ej雨 s嘘 c栄a Nam, g欝o"e„<"Ej雨
s嘘 tu鰻i th丑 (tia h嬰p v噂k"rj逢挨pi"8泳pi"i„e"5370
), Ch雨 s嘘 ikƒq"f映c (tia h嬰p v噂k"rj逢挨pi" 8泳pi"i„e"4920), Ch雨 s嘘 thu nh壱p (tia h嬰p v噂k"rj逢挨pi"8泳pi"i„e"4470). Eƒe"vj»pi"u嘘
D逢噂c 4: V胤 8逢運ng th鰯ng t瑛 v¤o"x”pi"vt”p."vjgq"eƒe"vkc"8«"zƒe"8鵜pj"vt逢噂c nh茨m th吋 hi羽n Ch雨 s嘘 tu鰻i th丑, Ch雨 s嘘ikƒq"f映c, Ch雨 s嘘 thu nh壱r0"A瓜 f i c栄c"eƒe"vkc"v雨 l羽 v噂i
8瓜 l噂n c栄a ch雨 s嘘 c亥n th吋 hi羽n. L亥p"n逢嬰t v胤ejq"5"p<o"422:."4226"x "3;;;0
X "f映: vtqpi"j·pj"3.4, bi吋w"8欝 th吋 hi羽p"eƒe"ej雨 s嘘 c栄a t雨nh cho ta th医y t雨pj"p {"e„"
v医p"8隠 v隠 m泳c s嘘pi"x·"eƒe"ej雨 s嘘 thu nh壱r"8隠u r医t th医r"*f逢噂k"vtwpi"d·pj - eƒpj"rj c" f逢噂i c栄c"j·pj"ucq"t医t ng逸n so v噂k"rj c"vt‒p"); s詠mj»pi"e¤p"z泳ng c栄c"j·pj"ucq"x "n羽ch v隠rj c"vtƒk"ejq"vj医y m泳e"8瓜d·pj"8鰯ng gi噂i c栄a n英mfio.
V噂i bi吋w"8欝 sao, vc"e”p"e„"vj吋f́pi"eƒe"8逢運ng v噂k"o w"mjƒe"pjcw"8吋 th吋 hi羽p"ikƒ"
tr鵜 ch雨 s嘘 c栄a t瑛pi"p<o"mjƒe"pjcw. cho th医y m泳e"8瓜 rjƒv"vtk吋n qua th運i gian. Trong
j·pj"3.5, bi吋w"8欝 cho th医{"vtqpi"ikck"8q衣n 1999-422:."J "P瓜k"8«"8衣v"8逢嬰c ti院n b瓜 v隠
HDI nh運x q"u詠v<pi"vt逢荏ng kinh t院8隠w"8員n qua ba th運k"8k吋m, pj逢pi"ej雨 s嘘 tu鰻i th丑x "
giƒo d映c c栄c"pco"mj»pi"vk院n tri吋n.
J·pj"3.5: Bi吋w"8欝 sao th吋 hi羽p"eƒe"ej雨 s嘘vj pj"rj亥n c栄a GDI (1999-2008) c栄a tj pj"rj嘘J N瓜i (s嘘 li羽u:[19])
Aぐi vずk"pj„o"dＶp"8げ phつc vつ quＶpi"dƒ
Dq"mj»pi"8員v"{‒w"e亥w"Ð8q"v pj"u嘘 li羽wÑ"o "ej雨 c亥p"v pj"vt詠e"swcp."ukpj"8瓜pi."e„"
th吋8隠 xu医t s穎 d映pi"j·pj"o員v"pi逢運k"pj逢"i嬰k"#"e栄c"vƒe"ik違 Chernoff [18]. Eƒej"di宇p"8衣t
p {"ejq"rjfir"vc"vj吋 hi羽n nhi隠u ch雨 vk‒w"épi"n¿e."i¤{"医p"v逢嬰ng, h医p d磯p"pi逢運i xem
pj逢pi kh違p<pi"8鵜pj"n逢嬰pi"mfio."ej雨rj́"j嬰p cho vi羽p"Ðpj壱n bi院vÑ"j挨p"n "8q"8衣c.
A吋 th吋 hi羽n ch雨 s嘘rjƒv"vtk吋p"eqp"pi逢運i 荏 Vi羽v"Pco."vc"e„"vj吋 th詠c hi羽p"pj逢"ucw< ¬ Ch雨 s嘘 HDI: th吋 hi羽n b茨pi"o w"u逸e"8k"v瑛 ch雨 s嘘 th医r"8院n cao s胤 e„"o w"v瑛 8臼
(th医p) chuy吋p"swc"zcpj"*ecq+"*j·pj"3.6) 0.83 0.84 0.62 0.64 0.86 0.83 0.82 0.85 0.55 0.58 0.86 0.81 0.78 0.81 0.51 0.52 0.86 0.81 0 1 Ej雨"u嘘"vw鰻k"vj丑"- P英 Ej雨"u嘘"ikƒq"f映e" -P英 Ej雨"u嘘"vjw"pj壱r" -P英 Ej雨"u嘘"vjw"pj壱r" - Nam Ej雨"u嘘"ikƒq"f映e" - Nam Ej雨"u嘘"vw鰻k"vj丑"- Nam P<o"422: P<o"4226 P<o"3;;; Nam N英 Nam P英
Vi羽e"rj¤p"pj„o"f英 li羽w"8逢嬰c th詠c hi羽p"vt‒p"e挨"u荏 s穎 d映ng kh違q"uƒv"f英 li羽w"x "u穎 d映pi"8瓜 l羽ch chu育n. V噂i o?ÂHDI n/ ; * +2 1 i x n o u ? / / Â (3.1)
HDI P<o"3;;; P<o"4226 P<o"422:
Trung b·nh gi違n 8挨n 0.627246 0.665469 0.702266 Trung v鵜 0.633 0.671 0.708 A瓜 l羽ch chu育n 0.058381 0.051648 0.045066 Giƒ tr鵜 max 0.759 0.795 0.805 Giƒ tr鵜 min 0.468 0.495 0.538 S嘘 quan sƒt 60 63 63 Ta s穎 d映ng s嘘 li羽w"p<o"422:"8吋 th詠c hi羽n rj¤p"pj„o"eƒe"ej雨 vk‒w"8«"n詠a ch丑n, l医{"ikƒ"vt鵜 vtwpi"d·pj"vj詠c hi羽n c瓜ng tr瑛 v噂k"8瓜 l羽ch chu育n r欝k"n o"vt”p"vc"u胤 e„"eƒe"
kho違ng chia c亥n thi院v"8吋rj¤p"pj„o."x噂i trung v鵜n "209<"20924488"ł"202672880 Pj逢"x壱y ta s胤e„"eƒej"vj吋 hi羽p"pj逢"ucw:
H·nh 3.6: Bi吋u di宇n HDI b茨pi"o w"e栄a m員v"pi逢運i
M泳e"8瓜d·pj"8鰯ng gi噂i:
Theo k院t qu違 v pj"vqƒp"8«"8逢嬰e"e»pi"d嘘 v隠 GDI [23],:Vi羽t Nam 8逢嬰c x院p h衣ng
ecq" j挨p" uq" x噂k" Kp8»p‒zkc." Okcpoc." Ecorwejkc." N q." x " 遺n A瓜 pj逢pi" x磯n c”p" e„"
kho違pi"eƒej"8ƒpi"m吋 v噂k"eƒe"p逢噂c ej¤w"è"mjƒe"pj逢"Pj壱t B違p."J p"Sw嘘e"x "Vtwpi"
Qu嘘c. Vw{"pjk‒p."pj·p"ejwpi."x医p"8隠rjƒv"vtk吋n gi噂i 荏 VN n "v逢挨pi"8嘘i 鰻n.
Fq"8„."荏 b違p"8欝 p {"vc"ej雨 nh医n m衣pj"eƒe"v雨pj"e”p"e„"u詠 ej‒pj"n羽ch gi英a m泳c
rjƒv"vtk吋n c栄a hai gi噂i. 雲eƒe"v雨pj"p {."vc"f́pi"épi"o瓜t s逸c o w th吋 hi羽n ch雨 s嘘 HDI,
pj逢pi"f́pi"o泳e"8瓜 8壱m nh衣v"8吋 ph違p"ƒpj"e„"u詠 ej‒pj"n羽ch nam/ n英 *o w"8壱o"j挨p" ejq"rj c"e„"o泳c 8瓜 rjƒv"vtk吋p"ecq"j挨p+. B違ng 3.2 n "fcpj"uƒej"eƒe"v雨pj"e„"o泳e"ej‒pj"
l羽ej"rjƒv"vtk吋n gi噂i >=0.3
V雨pj HDI GDI Ej‒pj"n羽ej"*'+
1 J "Ikcpi 0.57 0.566 0.4 2 Nck"Ej¤w 0.538 0.531 0.7 3 Ak羽p"Dk‒p 0.6 0.594 0.6 4 U挨p"Nc 0.641 0.637 0.4 5 Vt "Xkpj 0.668 0.665 0.3 6 U„e"Vt<pi 0.684 0.68 0.4 7 D衣e"Nk‒w 0.717 0.714 0.3 8 E "Ocw 0.725 0.72 0.5 B違ng 3.2: Cƒc t雨nh c„ s詠 ch‒nh l羽ch v隠 gi噂i cao
Eƒe"v雨pj"e„"o泳e"8瓜 rjƒv"vtk吋p"e¤p"d茨ng gi英a hai gi噂i s胤 ch雨 e„"épi"o瓜v"o w
chung. *j·pj"509+
H·nh 3.7: M員v"pi逢運i bi吋u di宇n c栄a t雨pj"e„"o泳e"rjƒv"vtk吋n HDI th医r"x ch雨 s嘘rjƒv"
tri吋n c栄c"pco"ecq"j挨p"p英 nhi隠u *e„"u詠 b医v"d·pj"8鰯ng gi噂i) ¬ Ch雨 s嘘 s泳c kh臼e (tu鰻i th丑) : th吋 hi羽p"swc"j·pj"f衣pi"8»k"o逸v"*j·pj"3.8)
S穎 d映ng s嘘 li羽w"p<o"422:."vc"e„"vtwpi"d·pj."8瓜 l羽ch chu育n l亥p"n逢嬰v"n "930;2893:." 4092:6:8"fq"8„"vc"e„"mjq違ng c亥p"rj¤p"pj„o"n "*92="96+
Pj逢"x壱y, ch雨 s嘘 s泳c kh臼e s胤 th吋 hi羽p"pj逢"ucw:
H·nh 3.8: J·pj"f衣ng m逸t th吋 hi羽n ch雨 s嘘 s泳c kh臼e (tu鰻i th丑vtwpi"d·pj+ ¬ Ch雨 s嘘ikƒq"f映c (T益 l羽 nh壱p h丑c chung):
S穎 d映ng s嘘 li羽w" p<o" 422:" vc" e„ vtwpi" d·pj." 8瓜 l羽ch chu育n l亥p" n逢嬰v" n " 840699:34."90247695"fq"8„"vc"e„"mjq違ng c亥p"rj¤p"pj„o"n "*82="89+
Pj逢"x壱y, ta th吋 hi羽n ch雨 s嘘ikƒq"f映e"swc"eƒej"v»"o k"pj逢"ucw:
H·nh 3.9: M ej"vj逢噂e"o k"vj吋 hi羽n ch雨 s嘘ikƒq"f映c
¬ Ch雨 s嘘 thu nh壱p *IFR"d·pj"sw¤p"8亥w"pi逢運i): th吋 hi羽n swc"j·pj"f衣ng mi羽ng
*j·pj"3.10).
S穎 d映ng s嘘 li羽w"p<o"422:""vc"e„"ikƒ"vt鵜 vtwpi"d·pj"x "8瓜 l羽ch chu育n l亥p"n逢嬰v"n
2260.323438, 1134.336374 p‒p"eƒe"kho違ng c亥p"rj¤ppj„o"n "*4222="5222+
Ch雨 s嘘 m泳c s嘘pi"8逢嬰c th吋 hi羽n qua j·pj"ok羽pi"pi逢運k"pj逢"ucw:
H·nh 3.10: J·pj"f衣ng mi羽ng th吋 hi羽n m泳c s嘘ng *IFR"d·pj"sw¤p+
Pj逢"x壱y, m厩i t雨nh s胤e„"o瓜v"mjw»p"o員t, th吋 hi羽n m泳c HDI v噂k"eƒe"ej雨 s嘘 chi ti院t, v d映 j·pj"3.11 th吋 hi羽n cho t雨pj"e„"ikƒ"vt鵜 rjƒv"vtk吋p"eqp"pi逢運i chung 荏 m泳c trung
d·pj"*v瑛2.87"8院n 0,7) e„"vw鰻i th丑vtwpi"d·pj"p茨m trong kho違ng t瑛92"8院n 74 tu鰻i, t雨 l羽
nh壱p h丑c chung th医r"f逢噂i 60% x "IFR"d·pj"sw¤p"8亥w"pi逢運i th医r"f逢噂i 2000 USD;
H·nh 3.11: M員v"pi逢運i bi吋u di宇n cƒc ch雨 ti‒u c栄a ch雨 s嘘 HDI c栄a t雨nh Ph¿ Th丑
n<m 2008
M員v"pi逢運i c栄a t瑛ng t雨pj"8逢嬰c th詠c hi羽n b茨ng th栄e»pi."ucw"rj¤p"pj„o"eƒe"ej雨 s嘘 ikƒq"f映c, tu鰻i th丑, thu nh壱p s胤 ti院p"j pj"n o"ejq"v瑛ng t雨nh m瓜t r欝i th吋 hi羽p"n‒p"d違p"8欝
chung.