a. Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại hoặc tương lai Ex: She says to me: "I like classical music".
→ She tells me she likes classical music.
b. Nếu câu trực tiếp là câu điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3 Ex: "If the weather were fine, we could go camping", Peter said. → Peter said if the weather were fine, they could go camping.
c. Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có các trợ động từ: should, would, could, ought to, might, used to, had better
Ex: "You should practice speaking English every day" the teacher said to Mai. → The teacher said that Mai should practice speaking English every day.
d. Thì quá khứ giả định (past subjunctive) vẫn giữ nguyên sau: (I) wish ..., would rather ..., It’s time...
Ex: She said “I wish I had a lot of books.”
→ She told me she wished she had a lot of books.
e. Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả 1 sự thật hiển nhiên, 1 chân lí Ex: She said " Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."
→ She said that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
S + told + O said (to + O ) + S + V wanted to know wondered asked + O
question word + S + V ( WH-questions)
Tĩm tắt Câu gián tiếp (reported speech)
A/ Statements
(Câu phát biểu) 1 * 2 * S + V1( said) + (that) + S2+ V2+( ADV of time/ place)S + V1( told )+ O + (that) + S2+ V2+( ADV of time/ place)
B/ Commands (Câu mệnh lệnh)
1* S+ V+ (not) + to infinitive
(promise, (dis)agree, refuse, threaten, hope, expect, want, ask, wish, need, dare, offer, plan, fail, swear, try, pretend, manage, intend, choose, fear, demand, seem, tend…)
2* S + V + O + (not) + to infinitive
(ask, tell, order, beg, allow, remind, encourage, advise, invite, warn, wish, want, command, force, suspect, forbid, need, permit,urge, recommend…)
3* S + V +(prep) + Ving
(suggest, deny, detest, delay, postpone, fancy, imagine, keep, risk, avoid, appreciate, admit, miss, practise, dislike, enjoy, save, hate, love, mind, mention, prefer, object to, look forward to, apologize for, feel like, insist on, think of, dream of, worry about, confess to, approve of…) 4* S + V + O + prep + Ving
(warn…against, blame…for, thank…for, accuse…of, congratulate … on, discourage…from, forgive…for, prevent…from, stop… from, suspect…of…)
C1/
Wh-questions
1 * S + asked + (O) + wh-… + clause (S+V) 2 * S + wondered + wh-… + clause (S+V) 3 * S + wanted to know + wh-… + clause (S+V) C2/
Yes-no questions
1 * S + asked + (O) + if / whether + clause (S+V) 2 * S + wondered + if /whether + clause (S+V) 3 * S + wanted to know + if / whether + clause (S+V) EXERCISES:
I. (REPORTED SPEECH: STATEMENTS)
Change these sentences into Reported Speech:
1. Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock”.
……….
2. Thu said “All the students will have a meeting next week”.
……….
3. Phong said “My parents are very proud of my good marks”.
……….
4. The teacher said “All the homework must be done carefully”.
……….
5. Her father said to her “You can go to the movie with your friend”.
……….
6. Hoa said “I may visit my parents in the summer”.
……….
7. The teacher said “We can collect old books for the poor students”.
……….
8. She said “He doesn’t buy this book”.
……….
9. The boys said “We have to try our best to win the match”.
……….
10. Her classmate said “Lan is the most intelligent girl in our class”.
II. (REPORTED SPEECH: YES/NO QUESTIONS)Change these questions into Reported Speech: Change these questions into Reported Speech:
1. “Do you enjoy reading?” Phong asked Peter
……….
2. “Does she like sports?” Hoa asked Lan
……….
3. “Do your sister and brother go to the same school?” She asked Nam
……….
4. “Are there any oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom
……….
5. “Will it rain tomorrow morning?” He asked his friend
……….
6. “Did you go to Hue three years ago?” Tam asked Peter
……….
7. “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?” Tuan asked Lan
……….
8. She said to me “Can you speak Chinese?”
……….
9. “Will she be here for five days?” Tam asked Thu
……….
10. “Are you reading now?” She asked Ba
……….
III.(REPORTED SPEECH: WH-QUESTIONS) Change these questions into Reported Speech: Change these questions into Reported Speech:
1. “Where does your father work?” The teacher asked me
……….
2. “How many people are there in your family?” She asked Lan
……….
3. Tam’s friend asked him “How long will you stay in England?”
……….
4. "Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter.
……….
5. Lien said to her teacher “What can we do to help him?”
……….
6. “How did you go to the airport?” His friend asked him
……….
7. “How much does this dress cost?” Lan asked Lien
……….
8. Ba asked Tam “How often do you wash your clothes?”
……….
9. “When will your father leave Vietnam for the USA?” Phong asked Thu
……….
10. “What are our children doing in the room ?”Mr. Nguyen asked his wife.
……….
IV.(REPORTED SPEECH: IMPERATIVES)
Change these sentences into Reported Speech:
1/ The manager said : “ Come into my office, please.”
……….
2/ The teacher said to us : “Don’t make so much noise.”
……….
3/ Mr.Green said : “Please come to our dinner tonight, Bill.”
4/ Susan said to Tom : “Don’t call me again at this late hour.”
……….
5/ She said to the boy : “Show me what you have in your hand.”
……….
6/ The policeman ordered : “Stay where you are and don’t touch anything.”
……….
7/ The old lady said : “Will you please water these flowers for me.”
……….
8/ She said : “Don’t leave your coat on this chair.”
……….
9/ She said to him : “Don’t speak to me like that and behave yourself.”
……….
10/ Peter said : “Would you mind lending me your dictionary till next Monday.”
……….
V.Choose the best option that best completes each sentence:
1/. Ba told me that he was leaving for the capital _____________.
A. tomorrow B. the following week C. tonight D. next Sunday 2/. They asked me how many children_______________ .
A. I had B. had I C. I have D. have I
3/. Thu said she had been_____________ the day before.
A. here B. there C. in this place D. where
4/. They told their parents that they______________ their best to do the test.
A. try B. will try C. are trying D. would try
5/. She______________ me whether I liked classical music or not.
A. ask B. asks C. asked D. asking
6/. He asked me who the editor of that book____________ .
A. was B. were C. is D. has been
7/. He wants to know whether I_____________ back tomorrow.
A. come B. came C. will come D. would come
8/. I wonder why he______________ love his family.
A. doesn’t B. don’t C. didn’t D. hasn’t
9/ “I didn’t witness that accident.”
A. He denied not having witnessed that accident. B. He denied having witnessed that accident. C. He denied not having witnessing that accident. D. He denied not had witnessed that accident. 10/ “Would you like to join our team?”, he said.
A. He said to me would you like to join our team. B. He told me if I would like to join their team.