I. Các lỗi thờng gặp trong tiếng Anh viết.
55. Ngữ động từ.
Đó là những động từ kết hợp với 1,2 hoặc đôi khi 3 giới từ. Khi kết hợp ở dạng nh vậy, ngữ nghĩa của chúng thay đổi hẳn so với nghĩa ban đầu.
• To break off: chấm dứt, cắt đứt, đoạn tuyệt.
Ví dụ: As a result of the recent, unprovoked attack, the two countries broke off their diplomatic relations.
• To bring up: nêu ra, đa ra.
Ví dụ: The country commissioner brought up the heated issue of restricting on-street parking. • Call on : 1- yêu cầu.
Ví dụ: The teacher called on James to write the equation on the blackboard. 2- ghé thăm, đến thăm.
Ví dụ: The new minister called on each of the families of his church in order to become better acquainted with them.
• Care for: 1- thích (take care of).
Ví dụ: Because Marita doesn’t care for dark colors, she buys only brightly colored clothes. 2- trông nom, săn sóc (take care for).
Ví dụ: My neighbors asked me to care for their children after school. • Check out : 1- Mợn sách (th viện).
Ví dụ: I went to the library and checked out thirty books last night for my research paper. 2- xem xét, điều tra.
Ví dụ: This photocopy machine is not working properly. Could you check out the problem? • Check out of : làm thủ tục (để ra khỏi khách sạn, sân bay, nhà ga) >< check into : làm thủ tục
để vào sân bay, khách sạn... • Check (up) on : điều tra.
Ví dụ: The insurance company decided to check up on his driving record before insuring him.
• Close in on : tiến lại gần, chạy lại gần.
Ví dụ: In his hallucinatory state, the addict felt that the walls were closing in on him. • Come along with: đi cùng với.
Ví dụ: June came along with her supervisor to the budget meeting. • Come down with : Mắc phải 1 căn bệnh.
• Count on = depent on = rely on : trông cậy vào, dựa vào, nhờ vào.
Ví dụ: Maria was counting on the grant money to pay her way through graduate school. • Do away with = eliminate = get rid of : tống khứ, loại bỏ, trừ khử.
Ví dụ: Because of the increasing number of broblems created after the football games, the director has decided to do away with all sports activities.
• Draw up : soạn thảo (1 hợp đồng, 1 kế hoạch).
A new advertising contract was drawn up after the terms had been decided. • Drop out of : bỏ (đặc biệt bỏ học giữa chừng).
Ví dụ: This organization has done a great deal to prevent young people from dropping out of school.