- Ky na.ng thaa tac ve tot Thai gian haEm thanh bim ve d~t yeu cau.
1. LAM QUEN V6I AUTOCAD2004 Gi8i lhi~uAuloCAD
AutoCAD la. phAn mem cua hang AutaDESK dung d~ thvc hi¢n cac ban ve ky thu~t trang cac nganh: xay dVng, co khf, ki€n truc, di¢n, ban do... Hang AutoDESK la m¢t trong nam hang san suat phAo mem CAD hang dau tren the giOi. AutoCAD la m¢t trong cac phan mem thiet k€Slrdl;mg cho may dnh d. nhan (PC).
Ban ve nao thvc hi¢n duqc bang tay thl deu c6 th~ ve duqc bang phan mem AutoCAD. Sir dung AutoCAD co th€ vo va thiel kecae bin vo 2 chieu (2D). cae mo hlnh 3 chieu (3D), va t~o nen cac hlnh aoh rat thVc.
PhAo mem AutoCAD con giup nguai dung trao d6i cac ky nang lam vi¢c cong oghi¢p. Ngoai ra AutoCAD 1a phan mem co sb, t~o dieu ki¢n cho nguai dung tiep thu d.c phan mem CAD khae nO'a, vl phuong phap ve va d.c l¢nh trang AutaCAD r5t di~n hlnh. Cac d~c di~m trlnh bay trong AutoCAD dang trb thanh tieu chu:1n cong nghi¢p cho d.ct~ptin trao d6i dO' li¢u giii'a cac phao mem CAD.
Nguai dung con c6 th~ Slr dl:mg AutoCAD d~ trao d6i dO' li¢u ban ve voi cae dong nghi¢p, khach hang ... vl rang phAn mem AutoCAD Wong thfch voi cac phan cling va phAn mem ph6 bien tren th~ truang.
SI.! phattri~n phan mem AutaCAD gAn lien voi sl.! phat tri~nnhanh ch6ng cua nganh cong ngh¢ thong tin va ky thu~t do ho~. Ttl nam 1995 den nay, nguOi. dung co nhieu co h¢i chqn dung cac phien ban AutoCAD phu hqp voi cong vi¢c, may PC, th6i quen khi ve va thiet k€ cua mlnh. D6la cac phien ban
Can chu yrang ca.c phien ban AutoCAD deu chung m¢t co sa, nen moi phien ban chi khac nhau chung (5 -;- 10)%. Cho nen, dieu quan trQng nhat d6i v6i nguoi dung AutoCAD la sit dl}-ng ffiqt cach nhuan nhuy~n va khai thac hi¢u qua m¢t phien ban AutoCAD nao do phil hqp v6i minh, tren co sado co the sit dl).ng d~ dang cac phien ban c~p nh~t hem. Nhil~u bl;l.n tre sai lam khi mat rat nhieu thor gian cho vi¢c tim hieu de sitdl}-ng cac phien ban mai xuat hi¢n, trang khi kh6ng khai thac hi¢u qua mqt phlen ban nao trang s6 do.
2. Khdi d9n9 AutoCAD
Sau khi dl.i d~t chuong tdnh AutoCAD vao may bl;l.n phai tien hanh dinh cau hinh. De khbi dOng AutoCAD, b~n chQn bieu tuqng clla phien ban AutoCAD va nhap hai Hin phim trai clla chuqt vao do. Moi phien ban AutoCAD co mOt bieu wqng rieng. Neu chua co bieu tuqng nay tren Desktop, b';ln vao Program va khbi d¢ng AutoCAD .
3. Cau true mim hinh do ho~AutoCAD2004
Man hinh do hqa AutoCAD2004 (hinh 2.\) bao gom:
• Graphics Area: Vung do hO';lla vung rna ta the hi¢n ban ve len do. Mau man hinh do ho~ dUQ"c d!nh bOi hqp tho<;l.i Preferences (l¢nh Preferences), trang Display.
• Cross - hair:Hai sqi toc thea phuong tn,Ic X va trl}-c Y giao nhau t';li mOt diem. TQa d¢ diem giao nhau hi¢n len t';li hang cu6i phfa dudi ben trai man hlnh. Chieu dai hai sqi toe duqe d!nh boi trang Pointer eua hqp tho~i
Preferences, 6 Cursor Size.
o Cursor: Can tro, d¢ Ian can tro duqc d[nh biri bien PICKBOXha~c h¢p
tho~iObject Selection Settings, m~cPickbox Size (I~nh Ddselect) .
. 0 WCSicon: Bi~u tllqng h~ tOa d¢ goc (World Coordinate System leon) narn agoe trai phia duai vung do ho~.
• Status line: Dong tr~ng thai, nam phia du6i viing 00 ho~. T<;li day hien thi cac tr~ngthai: GRID, SNAP, ORTHO, OSNAP... D~ di6u khi~n cae tr~ng thai nay, b<;ln nhap phim trai chuQt hai Ian vao ten tr~ng thai.
• Tog d(J con tro: Nam goc trai phia dum vung do ho~. T';li do hi¢n len to<;l dO wang d6i hay to~ dQ tuy¢t d6i cila tfun can tro (giao diem eila 2 sqi toc).
tilm can tro" S6 dau tien Hl ho~mh d¢ (tfl,1C X), s6 thu hai Iatung d¢ (trl,1c Y) cua tilm can tro, hai con s6 dugc cach nhau bOi dau phay.
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Hinh 2.1: Man hinh d6 h9a
• Command line: Dongl~nh, c6 it nhat 1 dong phia dum man hlnh do ho'.l. Dily la neri b'.ln nh~p l¢nh vao ho~e hien th! eae dong nhae ella may (nen eon gQi la dong nhae Prompt line). B'.ln trve tiep d6i thQ'.li v6i may t'.li vung nay.
Chinh d¢ IOn eua dong l¢nh: Dung eon tro keo den vi tri giao giua man hlnh do ho'.l va Command line den khi xuat hi¢n hai duemg thAng song song, sau d6 b'.ln keo len tren hay xu6ng dum.
• Menu bar: Thanh Menu (thanh ngang danh mve), nam. phia tren vimg
d6 h0'.l. Moi tieu de tren Menu bar ehua m¢t nh6m l¢nh eua AutoCAD. Cac tieu d6 dieu hiuh cua AutoCAD la: File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Thols, Draw, Dimension, Modify, va Help (ngoai ra eon eo Bonus ... ).
M. T~i danh m~c nay, b~n co the! gQi I~i cae I?nh c~n th~c hi?n (hlnh 2.2).
• Screen menu: Danh m~c man hloh, Dam phia phiii vung dO ho~. Screen
menu khOng duqc m~cdjnh kbi V3.0AutoCAD. mt~l ho~crnadanh m~c man
hlOh, dung Tools\Oplions, Display tab, chc;m Display screen menu.
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Hi"h 2.2: Dan" mlJc keo xU6'ng. da,," 11llf.C man hi"". cae thal/h cu6n
Cae chi] tren danh ml,lc man hloh duqc quy d!nh nhusau:
- Chi! in hoa (UPPERCASE): Ten menu.
- Chi! dau lien la in hoa voi da'u 2 chaIn ":"- Ten I?nh.
- Chi! dau tien la in hoa kh6ng co da'u 2 chaIn ":" - Ten I~a chQn.
Khi ta th~c hi?n m~t I?nh cua AutoCAD thi cae I~achQn I?nh so xu~t hi?n
• Too/bar: Thanh cong ct;!, trang AutoCAD co nhi6u toolbars, moil~nhco m¢t n6t ch9n vOi bi~u tU<;mg l~nh trang toolbars (hlnh 2.1).
• Scroll bar:Thanh cuon, gom co: thanh ben phiLi keo man hlnh (van ban va do ho~) len xu6ng, thanh ngang phia duOi vung do ho~ dung d~ keo mim hlnh tit tnii sang phai ho~c ngugc l~i (hlnh 2.2). Muon him xuat hi~n cae Scroll barb~nsu dl;mgl~nh Preferences (h¢ptho~iPreferences), trang Display va ch9n nut Display Scroll bars in drawing window.
AutoCAD thuang c6 4 phuong phip nhftp l~nh nhu sau: 1. Type in Dua l¢nh vaotit ban phfm.
2. Pull - down Gqi l~nhtitdanh mvc keo xuong. 3. Sreen menu Gqi l~nhtitdanh ml).C man hlnh.
4. Toolbar Gqi l~nhtit ca.c n6t l~nh cua thanh cong Cl)..
4. Thanh cong cII (I~nh Toolbar)
Pull - down Menu Screen Menu Type in
View! Too/bars VIEW 2/Toolbar Too/bar
M¢t so toolbar duqc hi~n lenm~c dinh: Standard, Object Properties, Draw va Modify. Toolbar Modify va Draw nam thAng dung va aben tnii man hlnh do ho~. D~ Hun xuat hi~n cac Toolbar khac ta thl!c hi¢n l~nh - Toolbar ho~c Toolbar.
• Command: Toolbar
Toolbar name (or all): (Nh~pten Tootbar, vi dV Draw).
Show/ Hide! Right/ Top/ Bottom/ Float<Show>:
• Cae ll!a chqn:
Show Hien thi toolbar (thanh cong Cl).) t~i m¢t vi tri tren man hlnh.
Hide Tat toolbar
Left Vi trf tool bar nam ben trai man hlnh. Khi chqo Left xuat hi¢n dong nhac "Position <0,0". T~i dong nhac nay ta dinh vi tri toolbar.
Right Vj tri toolbar ben phiii mao hlnh.
Top Vi tri taalbar ben tren man hloh.
Bottom Vi tri toolbar nam phfa duai man hlnh.
Float Dinh vi tri toolbar vai so hang tuy chQo. Khi oh~p F xuAt hi¢n cac dong nh~c sau:
Position<O,O>: (Vi tri toolbar).
Rows<1>: (56 hang).
Cling co th~ gQi l¢nh tu danh ml,lc keo xuong View ho~c dua con tro cua chuC;n den toolbar bAt ky va nhAp phim phai cua chu¢t, khi do xuAt hi¢n h¢p
tho~i Taolbar. ChQn ten til danh sach kea xuong Toolbars, rei ohAn nut Close.
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5. Dieu khien cac danh m~c (I~nh Menu).
Pull - down Menu Screen Menu Type in
Menu
Trong AutoCAD co t~p tin thu mvc Aead.mnu. Mu6n lam xuAt hi¢n danh ml,lc keo xu6ng Bonus tren thang ngang danh m\le ta gQi file Ac_bonus.mnu trong thu m\le AutoCAD \Bonus\ Cadtools\AC_Bonus.mnu