Dieu 501 : CMt luong cua mau binh quan ciia Hit ca cac
di~m lay mau hoi bao hoa cua 10 hoi tuan noan tll nhien cling
nhu chat luong hoi qua nhiet lay sau lat eft cac thict bi dieu
chinhnhiet dO hoi qua nhiet can phai thoa man nhiJngtieu chuan san;
1. Ham luong cac hop chat natri (tinh d6i ra Na) khong
duoc Ion hon (micg/kg)
La hoi tuan hoan 11) NDKVvaTIND TIND c6 trich nhien c6 ap suat dung cho suoi hoi cho san xuat
De ' n , I 2 60 100
4 n 4u A&cm
- Til 40 den 100 kg/cm2 15 25
- Tren 100 kg/cm2 10 15
2. Ham luong axit silic (tinh d6i ra 8i02) d6i voi 10 hoi ap
suat til 70 kg/cm2 Iril len khong duoc Ion non (micg/kg) :
+ Nhiet dien khu vue 15
+TIND 25
Dien 502 : CMt luong nuoc clip cua 10 hoi tuan hoan tll
nhien can phai thea man cac lieu chuan sau :
a) TOngdO Clingkhong duoc vuot qua (micg dllkg).
154
La IWilip su'I D6t nhien D6t Clie~i Jlhien
lieu long lien We
- Den 40 kg/c:m2 5 10 -,
- Til 40 den 100 kg/c:m2 3 S
- 100 kg/c:m2 trb len 1 1
3. HWn IllQng axit silic (tinh d6i ra5i01:)khOngdllQc: vuQt
q~ (micg dl/kg). . .
LO hili lip snat NDKV Trung tam nhi~dien
- 70 - 100 kg/cm2 80 Theakilt qua thit nghiem
_ Tren 100 kg/em2 40 120
4. Ham lu"ng Oxy Intoc binh khilkhi. sau gia nhiet ~ ap
eu6i Cling (tnroc diem dua hoa eMt khil Oxy hoac khi tam ngimg dinh luong cac h6a cMt d6, neu hoa eMt dllOC dua vao truce gia nhiet 1>:) apcu6i cung) phai khong duoc Ion hon 30 micg/kg. 5. Ham luong Oxy sau binh khit khi (truoc diem dua h6a chat khil Oxyho~e khi tam thoi ngilng dinh luong cac h6a cMI d6 neu hoaeMt duoc duavan IruOC binh khil khi) khong duoc
IOn non (micg/kg),
+ LOhoi ap suat d~n 100 kg/cm2 20
+ LO hoi ap suat 100 kgfcm2va Ion hon '" 10
6. Ham.luong sulfit tll do (khi xil Iy bang sulfit) truoc b¢
nam nuoc knong duoc Ion hon 2 mg/kg ;
. 7. Ham IUQng hydrazin ttl do (khi xu Iy bang hydrazinjtnroc
bo ham nuoc til 20 den 60 micg/kg (tinh qui <l6i ra hydrazin) trong giai doan khoi dong va ngung 10 hoi cho phep ham IUQng hydrazin cao hon, xac dinh boi cac dieu kien tao mang bao ve
cac be mat ben trong cua 10Mi, nhung khong Ion hon 3000
.rnicg/kg; .
I . .,'
, 8. Nuoc cap sau binh khU khi phai khong c6 axit cacbonic . ttl do va tri s6 PH cua nuoc cap (0 25°C) phai duy tri 0 gioi
.9,1-0,1;
9. Ham IUQng amoniacva cac hop chat cua no (tinh quy d6i ra NH3) khOng Ion hon 1000 micg/kg lrong mot s6 truong hop duocCOngtyDien luc dbng y cho phep tang ham.hrong amoniac
den gia tri chua gay lin 1110n cac clii ti~t bang v~t lieu co chua dbng cua thi~t bi tuyen nuoc ngung, nuoc cap'va khong dan d~n
vuot qua nhnng tieu chuan ve ham IUQng cac hop cMt dbng trong nuoc dip;
10. Ham Iuong nitrat d6i voi 10 hoi ap suat d~n 60 kg/cm2 khOng quy dinh, con ham IUQng nitrat (tinh quy d6i ra N02-) khong duoc vuot qua 20 micg/kg.
T6ng ham IUQng nitrat va nitrit d6i vOi 10 hoi ap suat Ion hen 60 kg/cm2 khOng vuot qua 20 (micg/kg).
11. Ham IUQng hop chat sat (tinh d6i ra Fe) khong duoc vuot qua (micg/kg).
La hoi ap suat D6t nhien D6t.cac loai lieu long nhien lieu khac
• D~n 40 kg/cm2 100 200 .'
• Til 40 d€n 100 kg/~2 50 100 - Til 100d~n 140 kg/cm2 20 30 · 140 kg/cm2 tro len 20 20
156
12. Ham luong hQP chat dbng' '(tinh quy d6i ra, Cu) trong nuoc cap truoc binhkhU khi khOng dliQc VllQt qua (micg/kg).
La hoi apsu~t D6t nhien D6tcac loai
lieu 16ng nhien Ii¢u khac
• Til 30 d~n l00kg/cm2 10 20
.
-100 kg/cm2va Ion hon 5 5
. .
13. Ham luong dau mil va cac ~n dllu khong VllQt qua (mg/kg)
+La hoi ap suat d~n 40 kg/CIll2, 1.
+ La hoi ap suat 40 kg/cru2 va IOn hon 0,3
Dien 503 iChat.hrongnuoc d6 phundi~uchinhnhiet dO hoi qua nhiet phai .thoa man cac tieuchudn sau :
1.T6ng dO cung cuanuoc 10 hoi tuan hOlm t4 nhien khOng duoc Ion hon 1 mgdl/kg;
2. Ha~ luong hQpcMt natri va axil Silic phai 0 mire sao cho chat IUQng hoi qua nhiet dat cac lieu chuan ;
3. Ham IUQng sat va dbng khongduoc vilQtqua tieu chuan d6i vdi nuoc cap.
£lieu 504: Cac tieu chudn ch~t IUQng IlUOC 10 va eM'dOxli .
day can duQC quy <!jnh tren cO SO thi nghi¢m nhi¢t bOa ciing voi vi¢c xac dinh Mm IUQng gioih~n cho pMpcuacac t~pcMt dinh
milc (t6ng Mril IUQng mu6i, Mm IUQng axit Silic...) 0 cac cM do Van Mnh kMc nhau cUa 10 hoi. Trongd6 elln pMi dam ba" cMt IUQng hoi wong ilng voi cac tieu chuan,dam bao de) s~ch
ciia cac b~ m~t d6t n6ng cua 10 hoi, ciing nhl1 phOng ngila d6 kim lo~i khOng bi lin mon pM bUy.
K tllong d6i
t>RoSOS : Lw bl'Qng xi lien t\leeUa III hOi pMi dll\lCdo
. bAng luu 11lQng t~ wduy tri trong khoing gioi han sau day : 1. D6i vOieh~ dO \1n banh lin djnh thi M sung tlln tMt bAng nllOcdAthll mu6i hay bAng nllOc~t caa cacbinhMehOi thOng qua 1% va thOng nha hon 0,5% nang sulit caa III hOi, ron khiM sung tlln tMt bAng nllOc xil'ly h6a hOC - kheng Ion hOn 3% w thong nha hOn 0,5%; khi ichOi dOng 10 hOisaukhi
lAp rap, s& ehilahaydllphongeho phep tangluu IIIQngxi lien tuc !lIong ilng ~n 2% w 5%; th<li gian v~n hanh 10 hoi voi 111Qng xi tang Cao do phan xlIong (phong, 16) h6a nghiem quy dinh;
2. Ti'qng mOt s6 tr1l<lng hQPkhidO thoang cda nllOc ngubn cao, 11lQng ndOc ngllng quay tro v~ it va trong cac truong hQP We eOO pheptang .hlQngxi ~n 5%.
Xi dinh kY 10 hoi til cacdil!m day chn thlle hi~n trong mlli Illn thOi dOng va ngilng 10 hOi, ciing llhll trong tMi gian v~n
hAnh 10 hOi theo Ijeh quy dinh cUa nba may.
Di~ 506 : 0 cac 10 hoi tulln hOM til nhien chn pMi ti¢n hAnhxil'Iy ph6t pMt nllOc III vOivi~ dlla dung dieh pMt pMt vilo bao hoi.
Xilly pMt pMt nlloe 10. c6 tM ti¢n hAnh thoo eh¢.dO ti~m
muOi (ph6t pMt-ki~m) hay thoo eM dO ki~m thulln pMt pM\. Ch¢ dO ki~m thulln pMt pMt (thOng c6 xflt NaOH III
do) e6 tM sll d\lng 0 cae nha may di~n kil!u ngllng 1\1 thi M sung bAng ndoe dA thll mu6i hay bAng ".lIoe ~t ella cae binh Me hoi va thi duy tri ddQe cae tieu ehulin eMt IdQng nlloe ~p.
D;.u S07 : Nbng dO P04 dd trong nlloe III 0 ca hai eM dO . xilty pMt pMt clIn pMi :
158
1. D6i vOi 10 hoi khong Me hOi theo phan d0<ln - thOng ddQe tMp hon5 mg/kg va thOng Ion hOn 15 mg/kg;
2. D6i voi 10 hoi c6 Me hoi theo phan do<ID : +Trong ngan sach : KhOng tMp hon 2mg/kg
KhOng lon' hon IimiVkg
+ Trong ngan man : KhOng Ion hon 30 mg/kg d6i vOi 10 hoi d6t nhien Iieu long,
va thOng Ion hOn 50 mg/kg d6i voi cac 10 hoi d6t cac loai nhien lieu thae..
Chi 56PH (0 25°(:) ella n1lOc.xi10ca hai eM dO x1l1y pMt pMt trong cac 10 hOi khong Me hoi theo phand~npMi 0 trong
gidi han9,5-10,4; ttong cac10 hoi Co Me hOitheo phAndo~n:
o'tllng Me hoi 'hil nMt thOng nha hon 9,3 w trong ndOcxi
ella cac khoang man thOng Ion hOn 10,7.
6eh¢ dOti~mmu6i (ki~mpMt phat) ham IIIQng NaOH tll do (dO kiem ella ndoe 10 theo eMt phenol-phtalein Ion hOn 50% tllng dO kiemnlloe 10) thOng dllQC VlIQt qua 20% tllng ham IdQng
muoi ella ndOc 10, tl! ell pMt pMt (dOki~m tdOng d6i): Kch,40- 0,84 P043-
MDI
Ti'ongd6 :
Kell - Tllng dO ti~m ehung cUandoe 10 (thoo metiloranggio c6 hi~uebinh eMt ehi thi). tinh .bAng mg-d!/kg
P04 - PMt pMt dll trong nll6c 10 (tinh dlli ra P043) mg/kg Mol - Ham IIIQng mullia\anllOcl11 Ing/kg
DOi voi 10 hoi dllQe ~p blngnlloexil'ly hOa hQC, MntddQe
xac djnh bilng~n thO dOi voi 10 hOi dllQe~p bAng nllOc khll
mu6i hay Mng Dlroc ca"t cua cac binh b6c hoi, Mnl duoc xac dinh theo ham hrong natri tinh quy doi ra natri sunfat (NazS04).
D6i voi 10 hoi ap suat 13-100 kglcmZ,khi siJ dung cac eMt tao mang ben trong 6ng sinh hoi cho phep dO kiem urong d6i Ion MIl 20%.
oeh€ dO kiern thulln pMt phat phai duy tri ty Ie : Kch .40 = 0,84.P043-
Dieu 508 : Khi e6 sugia tang tam thoi tong dO cung nllOc dip cua 10 hoi tuan hoan til nhien (vi du : Khi vo 6ng binh ngllng... ) can phai ap dung cac bienphap d<'! kMe phuc nguyen
nhan gAy tang dOcung, va can ti€~ hanh ~iJ Ij phct phat tang cllong (trong gi6ih~ncUatieu chu~n) cil~g nhu tang ellong~
lien tuc vaxa dinh leY cung voi\liec ki<'!m traeMtlllong hOI
t1ll1on~ xuyen hon eho d<'!n khi kMe phuc xo~gcac nguyen nhan ay.
Chuong23 :
DUONG 6NGVAVAN
Dieu 509 : Dllong 6ng va-vanclln dlloe xem xetkY~~1I0"khi dlla vao van hilnh. Sau khi sita chifa hay kho~g h~~tdong dai ngay (tren-W ngay). cllil pMi ki<'!~tra sll hoanMo~ua16pb~O
on eua kim ehi thidan no nhiet, cUa cae gia C6 d,nh, cUa gla tr:O 10 xo va gia ~o trllot; ki<'!m tra. kba nang gian nO t~ do eu~
dllong 6ng khi bi ~y n6ng, tinh tr~ng""evan "f1. nllOc va xa !<hi cac van an tOan va dllng hllki<'!mnhiet. .
, '. ,,' ",', " , .':.- ' .';: . > . ' , -.'
Dieu 510: Khi v~n hanh cae dllilng 6ngtheo ""CqllYtrinh liien !l~1l1i thi phAi ihlle hien :
160
1. Ki<'!m tra sll dan nc'l nhiet dUng theo cac ehi56 ella kim
ehi dan nc'l, khong d<'! dlltlng 6ng ket va khOngco d(Irung tang cao;
2. Dinh leY theo diii gioi han eMy, trang tliai kim 1000i eilng
nhu kiem tra khuy<'!t ~t de m6i han; .
3. Theo diii dO kin caa van va cac m~t bieh n6i;
4. Ki(!m tra eM dOnhiet dO lamviecella kim 1000i trongcac
Ian khoi dong va ngiJng.
Dieil 511 : So dl\cac dllong 6ng va viee v~n hanh. cac dllilng 6ng d6 phai Ioai trll kM nang lam hll hOng dlltlng 6ng h" ap
khi c6 m6i lien hevOi cac dlltlng 6;'1g cao ap.
Dieu 512 : D<'! Xli Mt DlIOc qua van XlicUa cac dlltlng 6ng dan hoi c'I Mt leY thOng 56 nilo, clln pMi lap tap de:! cac doan 6ng nam ngang c6dO d6c it nMt 0,4% theo hllong di ehuy<'!n cua moi chat. Trj s6 dO d6e d6 phai dllQC dam bao c'I nhiet dO kim Ioai til OoC d<'!n nhiet dO bao bOa tuong ilngc'I ap 5ua:t tong tac ella mOi eMt.
He tMng Xli clln pMi dam bao dlla hoiln toan nllOc dQng ra ngoili khi ~y n6ng, khi nguOi vii khi Xli Mt dong 6ng.
KID dAu lien .k<'!t cae dlltlng Xli ella mot s6 dllilng 6ng, Iren moi dllong xa clln pMi ~tvan e~n.
NII6e ngtlng va nhiet ella cae dlltlng Xli lien ·tt,le clln dllQCsil" dung IIIi trong SO dl\ nhiet.
lli1!u 513 : Viec b6 tri cae dllbng 6ng vii van thuQC lo"i pMi ki<'!m tra djnh J:Y trong qua trinh v~n hAnh clln pMi dam bao de:! dang eho viee khao sat va sil"a ehUa chung. ~i cae eM kic:!m Ira clln c6 mar bang clln thic:!t.
DIeu 514 : Cac van can viet ehil ghi ten va s6 theo SO dll duong 6ng, cang nhu mui ten ehi chieu quay cua vO lang. Cac van dieu ehinh e6 kim ehi dO mo cua b~ phan dieu ehinh; cac van chan can e6 kim chi vi tri ella bo phan chan (mo dong). Van van hanh thuong xuyen hay van hanh thoi gian dai trong moi tr~ilng chan khong can c6 chen thuy luc hay loai chen kin khac,
DIeu 515 : Viec sita ehila duong 6ng va van can duoc ti(!n hanh dllng thoi voi cac t6 may nrong ung, Cac cong tac sita chua
k~ c:i viec lap va thao cac mat bit M phan doan cac doan 6ng dang sita ehila phai thlle hien thee phieu c6ng tac,
l)ieu 516 : Sau khi sita ehila cac van dit<)e thit d~ kin 0 ,ap suat bang 1,25 lip suat lam viec d6i voi cac vanda tMo ~oi vi
tri lap di1-t va thi! voi ap suat lam viec d6i voi cac van chi s~
ehila tai vi tri tai ehil. Cac van an toan ki(!u xung 11Ie sau khi 8ita ehUa pMi du<)e dieu ehinh tren gia thit nghi¢m tTllOc khi Jap len vi trL
DIeu517 : 6 cae eM n6i ki~u mi1-t bieh ella cae duilng 6ng hoi va 0 cae van lam vi¢e voi ap suat hoi 90 kg/cm2trO len thi do xi(!t eMt cae gu giOng bat giil pMi du<)Cki~mIra bang cae phuong ti¢n ehuyen dung, khOng eho phep d(! caegu giOng mang t,U qua cae tri s6 dinh mile.'
meu 518 : LOp bao On eua duilng 6ng va ella thi~t bi cln du<)C duy tn 0 tinh tqng t6t, khi nhi¢t dO khOng khi ben ngoai
Ja 25°C thi nhi¢t d~ mAt ngoai ella lOp caeh nhi¢t khOng vI1<)1 du<)C qua 50°e.
Bao On clia cae eM n6i ki(!u mi1-t bieb n6i ella van va clia cae dOl).n duilng 6ng thuoe d6i tu<)ng pMi !ci(!m tradinh ky (m6i , han, nilm do dO gioi hl).u cnay...) phili Iii IOl).i tMo nhanh du<)e.
T
LOp bao On cac duilng 6ng ehinh, cac dO(ln 6ng ~t il ngoai troi, cang nhu cac be mat c6 nhi¢t d~ mOi eMt Ion hOn 2rxf'C,
di1-t il gan cac b~ dau, duilng 6ng dA:n dllu nhiln va dllu ma d6t, efing nhu di1-1 gan cac tuy(!n cap cln c6 vo bQC bang 1000i kim loai hoac vo bQC bao v¢ We.
Cac d6i tu<)ng c6 nhiet d~ mOi eMt tMp hon nhi¢td~ khOng khi ben ngoai can c6 bao v¢ chong am va bQC each nhi¢t.
Nguyen lieu du<)C sit d~ng lam lop bao On khOng du<)C c6 tac dung An 'mon duilng 6ng.
Dieu519 : Bao On duilng 6ng khOng c6 lop boc bao v¢ pMi duoc son, Khi c6 vo bile bao v¢ hay SOn nhi tren be mi1-t can pMi ve them cac vong tron kY hi¢lr.
Mau SOn vakY hieu ghi tren cac duilng 6ng pMi tuong i1ng voi quy dinh cua thanh tra nlli hoi va cac TCVN khae.
l)ieu 520 : Khi pMt hi¢n c6 xi xoet tren duilng 6ng nuoe eap, Iren duilng 6ng hoi moi va hoi qua nhi¢t trJlng gian, efing nhu tren cae van ella eae duilng 6ng cln pMi ap d~ng nhilng bien pMp kMn cap d~ ngat dOl).n 6ng bi sll c6 bang cae b() truyen d~ng til xa.
N(!u khOng c6 duilng 6ng dll phOng thay tM dO(ln 6ng bi 811 e6 tbi cln pMi ngilng thi(!t bi c6 lien quan d(!n dO(ln 6ng 811 00.
Chuong 24