1. Giáo viên:
Sáng kiến kinh nghiệm năm học 2014_2015 Trường THPT A Hải Hậu
- Phương tiện:
+ Máy tính, máy chiếu, loa.
+ Phiếu học tập, phần mềm powerpoint.
+ Nội dung bài giảng phát cho học sinh làm tài liệu:
Transcription
The synthesis of the messenger RNA from the DNA is called transcription. Transcription begins when RNA polymerase recognizes and binds to the promoter region on the double-stranded DNA molecule.
A particular subunit of RNA polymerase, called the sigma factor, participates in recognition of the promoter region. Soon after transcription is initiated, the sigma factor dissociates from the RNA polymerase.
RNA polymerase moves along the template strand of the DNA, synthesizing the complementary single-stranded messenger RNA molecule. Synthesis is in the 5’ to 3’ direction, with new nucleotides being added to the 3’ end of the growing messenger RNA molecule.
As the ARN polymerase advances along the DNA, it melts a new stretch of DNA and allows the previous stretch to close.
When RNA polymerase reaches a specific sequence of nucleotides on the DNA called the transcription terminator, a hairpin loop structure forms in the mRNA, causing the RNA polymerase and the mRNA to dissociate from the DNA.
In prokaryotic cells, when transcription is still happening, translation begins.
In eukaryotic cells, after transcription, mRNA partcipates in the process of RNA splicing. The introns are cut out from the mRNA molecule and the exons joined together, forming a mature mRNA. Then, mRNA reaches the cytoplasm and takes part in translation
Phiếu học tập: Nối thông tin cột A với cột B.
A B
a. RNA polymerase 1. The synthesis of mRNA from the DNA.
b. Promoter region . 2.The segment of the DNA molecule where mRNA synthesis begins .
c. A hairpin loop structure.
3. The name of the structure that causes the synthesis of RNA to cease.
d. Template strand 4. Where RNA polymerase moves along and syntheses the complementary mRNA.
e. Transcription 5. An enzyme of the transcription. f.Transcription
terminator.
6. The structure forms in the mRNA, causing the RNA polymerase & the mRNA to dissociate from the DNA.
- Phương pháp dạy học:
Sáng kiến kinh nghiệm năm học 2014_2015 Trường THPT A Hải Hậu
+ Vấn đáp tìm hiểu bộ phận. + Phương pháp làm việc nhóm.
2. Học sinh:
- Tài liệu học tập, vở ghi. - Đồ dùng học tập.