Cb: Chi phi con m6i lin giao djch mua bin chimg khoin
Vb: Phucmg sai ciut thu chi ngfin guy i: Lai suit
Vi du cu the vii tong ty CO phin to yin wit ke cong nghe xay dung: Can car vii nhu cau thu — chi, trung birth mirc du tien tesi thieu tai C8ng ty la 3.000 trieu ding; phuong sai luting Wen hang ngiy trung binh 5.000 trieu ding, lai suit 0,25%/ngly, chi phi giao djch m8i lin bin chimg khoin la 0,4 trieu ang. Tfr do, to tinh duqc khoing cich gift cic duang giOi han 11:
D-3 x 0,4 x 5.000)X = 545,12 14 0,00025
GiOi han tren = 3.000 + 545,12 = 3.545,12 (trieu ding) Giei han duei = 3.000 + 545,12/3 = 3.181,71 (trieu ding)
Ap clung trim tiep vii mem tien dv frit tai C8ng ty &Ira 2013 lit 4.426 trieu ding. V6i s6 tien nay, C8ng ty dv tilt tien cao hen mirc giOi han tren la 880,88 trieu ding. V6i s6 tien du thai nay Ging ty c6 the dem mua chimg khoin a dua luting lien met vi mire dv kien ho#c sir clung s6 lien nay de mua sAm nguyen vOt lieu phyc At cho
host dung sin that kinh doanh a trinh cho so tiln du thira tren kh8ng duqc sir dung cho mire dich sinh
Nh6 vio ma hinh nay mi tong ty ce the xic djnh duqc mire du tra tien hqp vtlra giep c8ng ty dim bio khi Wing thank toin, ding then dam bio duqc khi Wing sinh kri cua lugng tiln nhin r6i. Day II m8 hinh mi dive to dirge nit Mien doanh nghiep ap
dung. Khi ap dung ma hinh nay, mire den m#t gieri han duei thtrimg dirge liy la mac lien mit tai thiau. Phuang sai Cult thu chi ngin qtry dirge xic djnh bang each dira vio so lieu thgc to cia mOt quy fru& de di tinh toin.
3.3.2. Xdy dm them tne kink Wish them tin dyng neck hang
Clic Icholm phiti thu ngin hen co sir gia tang nhanh qua cic &Am. Do d#c the cila
nginh xay dung li chi phi nguyen v#t lieu dau vio chum ty trong rat ion trong chi phi
sin xuAt nen Si sin ngAn han chi& ty trqng Ion trong tang tai sin, trong de, tai sin ngin han chi) yeti IA hing tin kho vi the khoin phii thu ngAn han. Trong then gian qua, mac du C8ng ty da c6 nhieu ecS ging trong viec quin IY vi sir dung tai sin ngAn han met each hieu qui ham, Ong ty c6 doanh thu tang. Tuy nhien, het qtui cho thiy viec sir dung tin sin ngAn han ce tang nhang chtra tircmg ximg. Muc tieu hieu qui dat duqc cea Gang ty la huerng ton dat Igi nhuen cao nhat, &mg truce firth hinh nhu hien nay, CC:mg ty pith tam cich khic phut tinh tang de, day nhanh cling tac host dung nhim ding cao hien qui sir dung tai sin nein hp cila cling ty tong then gian tel.
Theo nhang cung cap al phis cling ty thi khoin phii thu khich hang thong thubng la nhftng khoin thu de thu heti vi di Idem sot. Tuy nhien, hien tai Cong ty chi sir dung duy nhit mOt m6 hinh quin ly cic khoan phii thu la Z — score. Nhu v$y, de
kiem soft met cich ch#t the ham vi tinh chinh xic cao han, Gang ty nen sir clung them met phuang phip quin ly mei, tuy nhien phuang phap bit sung an phii dirge dim bio khang gay mat qui nhieu chi phi. Duel day, khea luon xin de xuat met ma hinh quip ly khich hang thong qua viec tinh diem tin dung ce the gitip Cong ty quin tri tat han the khoin phii thu, de doanh nghiep ce ca hOi xoay nhanh ding vim hien c6 vi giam ap lire van vay.
cic tieu chi thu th$p vi tong hgp lai trong he thong thong tin ve tin dung cea khich hang de CEng ty dua ra guy& djnh c6 cap tin clung hay chinh sich thuang mai cho khich Ming hay 'dieing. Di thgc hien dirge dieu nay, Cong ty nen sir dung phuang phip phan nhem khich hing theo mire dO run ro.
Theo phuang phip nay, khich hang cua CEng ty ce the duqc chia thanh the 'them nhu sau:
Bang 3.1. Danh sick Sc 'thorn rill ro
Nhom rill ro TY le doanh thu killing thu hai dully ate firth
T5' le khach hang thu(ic nhom rtli ro (%) 1 0 —1 35 2 1— 2,5 30 3 2,5 — 4 20 4 4 — 6 10 5 >6 5
(Nguon: Own tri tai chinh doanh nghiep hien dpi — Mk ea Nguyen Hai San )
Nhu v$y, cac khich hang thuetc nh6m 1 c6 the duqc me tin dung nil 'thong can pluii xem xet nhieu, gin nhu tu gong va vi the ctia cac khich hang nay co the duqc
xem xet 13i m8i din mOt lan. Cac khich hang thuOc nhom 2 co the duqc cung cap tin
dung trong mOt thin hart nhat dinh vi vi the ctia cac khich hang nay e6 the duqc xem xet Jai mil &lin hai lin. VA cis ttrcmg to nhu Aly, C8ng ty xem xet den Sc nh6m khach hang 3, 4, 5. DE giant tieu tun that c6 the )(ay ra, e6 the C8ng ty se phai yeu au khich hang nhOm 5 thanh toan tie ► ngay khi nhan hang h6a, djch vu. You au tin dung 'chic nhau dOi vOi Sc khich hang 6 nhting nham nil m khac nhau la hoin town hqp ly. Tuy nhien, phai him the nao d6 de vies phan nhom IA chinh xic, khong bj nham lin khi phan nh6m.
De phtin thorn nii ro, doanh nghiep co the sir dung me hinh cho diem tin dung nhu sau:
Diem tin dung= 4 * Kha ning thanh Man Iii + 11 * Kha fling thanh toin nhanh + 1 * S6 nAm hold dung
Trong cong tilt tren, v6i s6 nAm host dung ring lau thi kha nAng quan ly di chinh cang cao vi theo do, cling ty cling c6 khi niing trit nq nhanh han.
Sau khi firth duqc diem tin dung nhu tren, to ce the xep loui theo cac nhem nil
ro nhu sau:
Bing 3 2. M6 hinh tinh diem tin dyng
Bien s6 Trong s6 Diem tin dung NhOm rill ro
Khit Ming thanh town Ili 4 >47 1
KM nting thanh toan nhanh 11 40-47 2
SO nAm hoot dOng 1 32-39 3
24-31 4
C8ng ty C6 phin to yin thiet ke deg nghe xay dung ce mOt luc luqng khich fling trung thinh rat lan nhu C8ng ty CP Thuang mai vi sin xuit Hi Linh, Cong ty CP Xay dung vi Diu to Thucmg mai viet — Hitt, Cong ty CP Ca khi xau dung DO M6,...vi nhiiu doanh nghiep, t6 chile trong nuac vi cm& to 'chic. Nhtmg trek) tit ci, cling ty hien c6 m6i quan he lim an van mOt d6i tic chi& luqc de la C8ng ty CP Xay dt,mg vi Diu to Thuang mai Viet — Han, day li mOt tong ty chuyen cung cip be t8ng thuung phim, kinh doanh nguyen vet lieu xily dung, gifts hai tong ty thtamg xuyen e6 nhftng giao djch ye cung (mg nguyen vat lieu van gil tri vi so lucmg lan, vi the viec cho nhau chiem chmg v6n la chuyen het sirc binh thin:mg. Mac di vay, viec kiem soar luqng tier cho vay, cho tri chom cling cin phii dupe xem xet tren khia canh tai chinh. Diva tren bio cio tii chinh am 2013 do C8ng ty CP Xay dung vi Diu to Thuang mai
viet — Han cung cap, ip clang phuung phip tinh diem tin dung to c6 &mg s6 lieu sau day:
Bing 3.3. Dinh gib diem tin thing cia Cling ty CP My dvng vi Diu fir neon m0 Viet — Hin (din tic than itryc cis C8ng ty C6 phin tw vin
that ki cling nghe zfy dung)
Chi tien C8ng that DVT Trqng so Gil tri
Tii sin ngin hun Trieu citing 270.364
fling t6n kho Trieu clang 12.027
Nq ngin hp Trieu clang 296.169
EBT Trieu clang 761
Chi phi Ili vay Trieu dang 8.626
EBIT Trieu citing 9.197
Khi Wang tri Ili EBIT Len 4 1,07
Chi phi la7 vay
Khi clang thzuth toin nhanh
TSNH - Himg dm kho an
11 Q87
Nq Aga hgn
S6 niim hoot dOng Nom 1 9
Diem tin clang 22,85
(Ngudn: Sti lieu thin duqc tit Ma cho Till chink Cong ty CP Xay clung viz Dou to Thurmg mgi Viet — Han)
Vail s6 diem tin clang dot 22,85 till khich hing nay duqc xep via nham ri l ro sit ba. Tirc la mat dO run ro trung binh kern. Vai khich fling nay, Cong ty nen xem xtt cip tin clang 6 mOt mire dO Whit djnh vi trong mOt thin hen nhit dinh. D6i v6i Whom
Idiach hang thuOc nhom nil ro thir 4 nen duqc danh gia xem x6t lai khoang mOt nam ba den ban Ian de mire dO an town cua viec cung cep tin dung duqc dam bk.
- Ddnh gib hieu quci qucin 1f khodn phii thu: Dinh kt Ong ty nen xem x6t, danh
gia hieu qui quart trj cac khotin phii thu qua cac chi lieu sau:
Doanh thu than duqc lay tilt bio cao kat qui kinh doanh, Ichoin phii thu binh clam li so binh quin dau kir va cu6i ky duqc ley fir bang can dui ke town ctia deg ty. KM qua IA, so lin trong nftm doanh thu ten tai duel khoan phii thu. Vong quay khoin phii thu cao li mOt dieu tot, c6 nghia IA lchich hang thanh town tiEn dimg hok ngen han thin han cim chinh sich tin dung thuong mai. Tuy nhien, neu yang quay khoan phii thu qua cao, c6 nghia la c8ng ty c6 chinh sich tin dung throng mai that chkIt (th&i han ban chill ngin) vi ldiong m6 rung dii tin dung cho Ichich hang. Do d6, c8ng ty can dash gia mirc dO hqp 15, yang quay cac khoin phii thu cua mirth qua viec so mirth voi yang quay cac khoin phii thu cult cac ding ty cling nginh hoc trung birth cim nganh.
KS/ thu lien binh quan cho biet thing binh mat bao nhieu nay de mOt khan phii thu duqc thanh town. Di c6 the dinh gii hieu qua thu tier qua kt thu lien binh quart, Ong ty c6 the so sanh vOi ky thu lien birth quan cua cac niim trong qui kh6. Neu
ky thu tien nay cing tang, c6 nghia Ii cac khoin phii thu kheng duqc chuyen d6i thanh tier mat nhanh cheng; ngtrqc lai kt thu tier binh quan c6 xu Wong gitim, cho thay hieu qua mitt Ong tic quin tri khoan phii thu ma c8ng ty dung thoc hien la kha quan. Ngoii ra, c8ng ty Ming an so sanh ky thu tien birth quart yeti thin han ctia chinh sach tin dung thucmg mai. Neu Icy thu tiE ► binh quip, vi du la 125 ngiy, nhung chinh sich tin dung ctia ding ty cho phtp thin hart nq 120 nay (net 120). Dieu nay cho they, Gong ty can xem lai c8ng tic quart trj khoin phii thu cua mink.
Nham xic djnh xac ding tS, Ie cac khoan phii thu hut:mg chi& Ichau thanh town,
ty le cac khoin tra dung him mkt chinh sich tin dung vi ty lg khoin phii thu tra chem so v6i quy djnh cua chinh sich, cling ty nen lien hanh danh gia tuOi nq cim khan phii thu, tir d6 nem bit nhftng th8ng tin tin dung tong quit ve khich hang vi dieu chinh cac yeu to cia chink sach tin dung cho phu hqp.
3.3.3. Qudn if ch#1 chl hong tin kho
De dam bio cho host dung kinh doanh mia CEng ty duqc din ra lien Am, viec du tra nguyen vet lieu la het stew can thiet. Luqng hang ton kho nay lien quan den cac chi phi nhu: chi phi b6c x6p, bito Mem, chi phi do gam gia hi hang hoa trong qui trInh dli trft, chi phi hao hut, met mat, chi phi bito quitn, chi phi trit lai lien vay,... Tuy Mien thoc te, viec quin ly vi sir dung nguyen vet lieu phu cim Cong ty van con nhung ton tai gay nen nhitng ling phi kh8ng ding co vi viec theo del djnh mirc cac vet lieu phu chin duqc sat sao, gii vet lieu deu vao cao vi silt clung v#t to con fang phi.
Nguyen nhan le do CEng ty chua ip dung met m8 hinh hay phuong phip quin ly viec cung cep hay dor tilt nguyen v$t lieu cu the nio mi chi quin 19 theo kinh nghiem, viec d#t hing vei khei luqng nhu the nio, luqng dor try trong kho bao nhieu chua duqc quin 19 met cich khoa hue vi bai bin. Vi voy, COng ty can nghien cfru, ltra chqn phuong phip quin 19 ton kho mOt cich thich hqp.
DE quin 19 ch(it the nguyen vat lieu, C8ng ty can quan 19 thong qua djnh mire tieu hao nguyen v$t lieu, djnh mire tan kho nguyen v$t lieu vi ding tic mua slim nguyen v$t