z l abelian by central galois theory of prime divisors

... the Galois groups of linear differential equations, all of whose solutions are liouvillian It will be useful to discuss the case when only some of the solutions are liouvillian Proposition 1.45 Let ... characterization of this property In classical Galois theory, one formalizes the notion of solving a polynomial equation in terms of radicals by using towers of fields A similar approach will be taken ... := Gal (L/ LH ) = βα(H) is obvious One applies Corollary 1.30 with G replaced by H1 and k replaced by LH = LH1 We conclude that H = H1 Assume that M = LH is left invariant by all elements of G...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 15:56

... is also played by the enumerative formula (42) for labelled Husimi trees according to their block-size distribution, which extends Cayley’s formula nn−2 for the number of labelled trees of size ... journal of combinatorics 11 (2004), #R32 able help, and also Abdelmalek Abdesselam, Andr´ Joyal, Gilbert Labelle, Bob Robinson, e and Alan Sokal, for useful discussions Some statistical mechanics ... established, following Uhlenbeck and Ford [30] From (17), we have, for the density ρ (z) = N , V ∂ log Zgr (V, T, z) z V ∂ = z Cw (z) z • = Cw (z) ρ (z) = z (31) Hence ρ (z) satisfies the functional equation...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 08:20

... 31 of the same year will be based not directly on the value of ten sacks of coal, but on the value of ten sacks of coal to be delivered in a year's time This sort of calculation is a matter of ... as in the examples already dealt with Nevertheless, all such policy has ultimately the same intent The universal legal peculiarity of token coinage is the limitation of its power of payment to ... involve the actual transfer of the amounts of money concerned, but merely the assignment of claims, which ultimately refer to the stock of precious metal of the central bank The role played by...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 07:20

... purely intellectual I that mean, the source of pleasure exactly the same as in most of my problems in morphology that you have the theme in one of the old master's works followed out in all its ... composition several parts, all polyphonic means having many sounds ; and its appli cation to a composition with a number of real parts will be perfectly intelligible The following (Ex hymn-tune ... difficult, for along with the perception of the particular often goes nonrecognition of the general THE THEORY OF MUSIC The form remote hill ; is easily seen from a studies the details of a fagade,...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 13:44

... of radiolabelled L- carnitine across microsomal membranes We also report on studies of the uptake of [14C]palmitoylcarnitine into the lumen of ÔsealedÕ microsomal vesicles Direct measurement of ... small molecules, some similar to carnitine (e.g choline [39]) The microsomal isotope space for choline of 1.05 lLÆmg)1 reported by Meissner & Allen [39] is remarkably similar to the space of ... Wiggins, D (1994) Intracellular triacylglycerol lipase: its role in the assembly of hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) Adv Enzyme Regul 35, 179–198 11 Yang, L. Y., Kuksis, A., Myher,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20

... painted by a scientist’, Raman answered ‘No, an artist painted by an artist’ A detail of Waterlilies by Claude Monet white lead and lapis-lazuli blue (a) lapis-lazuli blue vermilion (b) Plate ... 65–68 Placzek type invariants 490 Placzek vibrational transition polarizability 87–88, 325 Placzek-Teller b factors 183 Placzek-Teller factors 160–161 for symmetric top rotor 162t planar molecules, ... classical electromagnetic waves classical polarizability tensors 28 classical and quantum mechanics, comparison of 28–29 classical scattering tensors 35 classical theory, limitations of 45 Clebsch-Gordan...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 14:46

... Km (mM) L- Gln Asp133Val Asp133Leu Asp133Ile Asp133Thr a N a-Acetyl -L- Asn L- Asn L- Gln N a-Acetyl -L- Asn L- Asn L- Gln N a-Acetyl -L- Asn L- Asn L- Gln N a-Acetyl -L- Asn L- Asn L- Gln N a-Acetyl -L- Asn ± ± ... its covalent coupling to poly(ethylene glycol) [19–21] Unfortunately, naturally available enzymes are usually not optimally suited for therapeutic purposes This incompatibility often relates to ... competent BL21(DE3)pLysS E coli cells E coli cells, harbouring plasmids pT7MutASNase, were grown at 37 °C in 30 mL of Luria–Bertani medium containing 100 lgÆmL)1 ampicillin and 34 lgÆmL)1 chloramphenicol...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 17:23

Ngày tải lên: 12/06/2014, 16:17

... them separately In a bundling equilibrium, all individuals purchase unit of the bundle, ˆ1 ˆb x1 = Hence, the type α individual’s marginal utility of X1 is ub = α ˆ1 This individual will purchase ... all individuals This is called a (second-best) pooling equilibrium Representation of these characteristics by a single parameter is, of course, a simplification The only constraint on the allocation ... the longevities of individuals Consequently, annuities are offered at the same price to all potential buyers, leading to a pooling equilibrium In contrast, the setting for the standard theory of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... dynamics are given by ˙ a (z) = r (z) a (z) + w (z) − c, ˙ a i (z) = r (z) ai (z) + wi (z) − ci , ≤ z ≤ M, M ≤ z ≤ T, i = 1, 2, (10.6) (10.7) and r (z) = f (z) /F (z) for all z, ≤ z ≤ T Adding (10.6) ... and by ci (z) at later ages z, M ≤ z ≤ T, i = 1, Let Ri be the age of retirement in state i, i = 1, Expected utility is M V= F (z) u(c (z) ) dz + q T T M R2 F (z) u(c2 (z) ) dz − M = F (z) e (z) dz M ... of annuity is sold at a common price available to all potential buyers In this kind of pooling equilibrium, the price of each type of annuity is equal to the average longevity of the buyers of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... (z) w (z) dz − F1 (z) c1 (z) dz M F2 (z) w (z) dz − T F2 (z) c2 (z) dz = (8.1) M M Expected lifetime utility is M V= T F (z) u(c (z) ) dz + p M T +(1 − p) R1 F1 (z) u(c1 (z) ) dz − F1 (z) e (z) dz R2 F2 (z) u(c2 ... F1 (z) stochastically dominates F2 (z) , W1 (R∗ ) W2 (R∗ ) − ≥ w(zc ) z2 z1 × > M F (z) dz M F (z) dz + z2 R∗ M F2 (z) dz + z2 T M F2 (z) dz − − M F (z) + R∗ M F1 (z) dzz1 F M F (z) T + M F1 (z) ... p)F2 (z) a (z) ) r p (z) M ˆ ˆ − ( pF1 (z) a (z) r1 (z) + (1 − p)F2 (z) a2 (z) r2 (z) )] dz T =p M + a(M) M ˆ F1 (z) (w (z) − c1 (z) ) dz + (1 − p) ˆ F2 (z) (w (z) − c2 (z) ) dz T T ( pF1 (z) + (1 − p)F2 (z) )...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... obtain T T e− z F (z) (w (z) − c (z) ) dz − e− z f (z) b (z) dz = 0, (5.14) having used the no-arbitrage condition r (z) = f (z) /F (z) Since b (z) ≥ 0, clearly the individual sets b (z) = for all z This is ... than the market rate of return Thus, dG (z) rs (z) = − G (z) dz is assumed to be larger than r (z) for all z Maximization of expected utility, T V= R G (z) u(c (z) ) dz − G (z) e (z) dz, (6.1) subject to ... integral from to T of F (z, α)w (z) − T F (z, α)w (z) dz F (z, α) T F (z, α) dz is equal to Hence, this term changes sign at least once over [0, T], say at w(˜ ) z ˜ z: T F (z, α)w (z) dz − T F (z, ...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... yields T T e−ρ z F (z) (w (z) −c (z) ) dz− 0 [r (z) −(ρ −ρ )]e−ρ z F (z) b (z) dz (5.18) Recall that b (z) ≥ 0, ≤ z ≤ T If the hazard rate, r (z) , increases with age so that r (z) − (ρ − ρ ) as z zc , ... will expire Suppose that in a small interval around some z0 , f (z) /F (z) > r (z) Firms can make a profit by selling annuities to individuals who are around the age of z0 , offering a slightly ... nuitization, V and V, respectively Optimum expected lifetime utility in T R the absence of annuitization, V, is V = F (z) u(ˆ (z) ) dz− F (z) e (z) dz c Multiplying (5.27) by F (z) and integrating by...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... closely related to realization of the level of income and longevity and provide more flexibility to individuals’ decisions about their optimum consumption paths Formally, within the context of ... were health (those in good health were more likely to annuitize), education, household size (less likely to annuitize as household size increases), and income (higher earnings support annuitization) ... compared to the purchase by rational individuals By deliberately delaying implementation of the purchase of annuities, this plan may accommodate hyperbolic discounters (Laibson, August 18, 2007...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... them separately In a bundling equilibrium, all individuals purchase unit of the bundle, ˆ1 ˆb x1 = Hence, the type α individual’s marginal utility of X1 is ub = α ˆ1 This individual will purchase ... all individuals This is called a (second-best) pooling equilibrium Representation of these characteristics by a single parameter is, of course, a simplification The only constraint on the allocation ... the longevities of individuals Consequently, annuities are offered at the same price to all potential buyers, leading to a pooling equilibrium In contrast, the setting for the standard theory of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... (z) w (z) dz − F1 (z) c1 (z) dz M F2 (z) w (z) dz − T F2 (z) c2 (z) dz = (8.1) M M Expected lifetime utility is M V= T F (z) u(c (z) ) dz + p M T +(1 − p) R1 F1 (z) u(c1 (z) ) dz − F1 (z) e (z) dz R2 F2 (z) u(c2 ... F1 (z) stochastically dominates F2 (z) , W1 (R∗ ) W2 (R∗ ) − ≥ w(zc ) z2 z1 × > M F (z) dz M F (z) dz + z2 R∗ M F2 (z) dz + z2 T M F2 (z) dz − − M F (z) + R∗ M F1 (z) dzz1 F M F (z) T + M F1 (z) ... p)F2 (z) a (z) ) r p (z) M ˆ ˆ − ( pF1 (z) a (z) r1 (z) + (1 − p)F2 (z) a2 (z) r2 (z) )] dz T =p M + a(M) M ˆ F1 (z) (w (z) − c1 (z) ) dz + (1 − p) ˆ F2 (z) (w (z) − c2 (z) ) dz T T ( pF1 (z) + (1 − p)F2 (z) )...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... obtain T T e− z F (z) (w (z) − c (z) ) dz − e− z f (z) b (z) dz = 0, (5.14) having used the no-arbitrage condition r (z) = f (z) /F (z) Since b (z) ≥ 0, clearly the individual sets b (z) = for all z This is ... than the market rate of return Thus, dG (z) rs (z) = − G (z) dz is assumed to be larger than r (z) for all z Maximization of expected utility, T V= R G (z) u(c (z) ) dz − G (z) e (z) dz, (6.1) subject to ... integral from to T of F (z, α)w (z) − T F (z, α)w (z) dz F (z, α) T F (z, α) dz is equal to Hence, this term changes sign at least once over [0, T], say at w(˜ ) z ˜ z: T F (z, α)w (z) dz − T F (z, ...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... (z) is said to (strictly) stochastically dominate F2 (z) if the hazard rates satisfy f2 (z) f1 (z) > , F2 (z) F1 (z) ≤ z ≤ T In words, the rate of decrease of survival probabilities, f (z) d ln ... phase of life to finance consumption during retirement, it will be illuminating to calculate some simple numerical examples These examples assume complete certainty with respect to all relevant ... F2 (z) , T F2 (z) dz condition (3.3) implies that d dz F1 (z) T F1 (z) dz > d dz F2 (z) T F2 (z) dz Hence, there can only be a single crossing That is, there exists an age zc , < zc < T, such...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No 11767 Kotlikoff, L. , and L Summers 1981 The role of intergenerational transfers in aggregate capital accumulation, Journal of Political Economy, ... Israel, 38 James, E., 10 Kinugasa, T., 97 Köszegi, B., 48 Kotlikoff, L. , 40 labor utility, 22, 44, 56, 71n23, 73 Laffont, J.-J., 121n47 Lagrange multiplier, 123 Laibson, D., 6, 45, 48, 136, 148 law ... 77–80; life cycle model and, 21–26; longevity and, 4–6, 21–26 (see also longevity); low returns and, 35; pooling by couples and, 40–41; pricing and, 59; self-selection and, 82–83, 90–93; survival...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20