x ray sources and high throughput data collection methods

... Simulated time course and experimental data of thrombin-mediated MLC activation (left) and calcium release (right) 93   Figure 3-8: Simulated time course and experimental data of thrombin-mediated ... the disease biomarker selection using high throughput data, includes microarray and copy number variation datasets (Section 1.3) The motivation of this work and outline of the structure of this ... statistical methods in microarray data analysis can be classified into two groups: unsupervised learning methods and supervised learning methods Unsupervised analysis of microarray data aims to group relative...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:14

... Soft and Hard X- ray Telescopes (SXR and HXR) on-board Yohkoh HXR contours are overlaid onto the SXR loop The positions of X- ray sources are discussed in Section 1.5.3 This image is taken and adapted ... section, the main X- ray observables during a solar flare: the X- ray temporal evolution, the X- ray spectrum, the X- ray source location and spatial properties, and finally the X- ray polarization will ... decays over a much quicker period 1.5.2 The X- ray and gamma -ray solar flare energy spectrum A general example of an expected solar flare X- ray and gamma -ray spectrum is shown in Figure 1.8 The continuum...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2014, 20:30

... in the dimer interface and those in the vicinity exhibit high flexibility Preliminary analysis of 15N relaxation data shows that residues 118–122 have a higher degree of flexibility than other ordered ... form of nPS using X- ray crystallography, as described below A Solution and refinement of the structure using X- ray crystallography B The crystal structure of the pantoate–nPS complex was solved by ... density maps and facilitate further rebuilding and improvement of the molecular model, until no unexplained electron density remained, and the Rcryst and Rfree values converged at 18.9% and 24.4%,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... when the complex is formed The ligands cellobiose, cellotetraose and cellohexaose were studied Results and Discussion The crystal structure of CtCBM11, the binding cleft and its ligand specificity ... in the X- ray structures of CBM4 and CBM17 complexed with cellopentaose and cellohexaose, respectively [13,23] The involvement of the tyrosine residues in the stabilization of the complex cannot ... two six-stranded anti-parallel b-sheets that form a convex side (b-strands 1, 3, 4, 6, and 12) and a concave side (b-strands 2, 5, 7, 8, 10 and 11) The concave side is decorated by the side chains...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... electronic absorption band at 623 nm at pH 4.5 (B) The peroxidase activity, pH 4.5 and (C) peroxidase activity at pH 7.0 Data for the ferric wt protein is included for comparison, and all data are fitted ... PAGE and from absorbance ratios in the UV-vis spectrum; A525 ⁄ A280 ‡ 0.4 for ferric wt protein and A526 ⁄ A280 ‡ 0.4 for the ferric M100K variant Crystallization trials and X- ray data collection ... C-terminal helix (helix 5, residues 108–117) starting at A122 was present This part has been reported to be highly dynamic in solution [10] The statistics for data collection and refinement are...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... superfamily of metzincin which exhibits some typical structural features, such as the Met-turn and active-site consensus HExxHxxGxxH sequence [15–17] Some organisms and mammalian tissues recently ... for TM-3 MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials 4-(2¢,4¢-Dimethoxyphenyl-Fmoc-amino methyl)phenoxylresins and Fmoc-amino acid derivatives were purchased from Bachem (Bubendorf, Switzerland) The substrate ... Huber, R & Bode, W (1995) X- ray structures of human neutrophil collagenase complexed with peptide hydroxamate and peptide thiol inhibitors Implications for substrate binding and rational drug design...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 23:20

... the Protein Data Bank at RCSB (http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/) under entry G6 Docking experiment with androstenol and androstenone The previously identified natural ligands androstenol and androstenone ... Stereoview of SAL X- ray structure in ribbon representation The helix is in red, strands are blue and turns or coil are yellow The GlcNAc residue bound to Asn53 is in white ball -and- stick, and the serendipitous ... the model of the complex of androstenol bound in SAL, with in (A) and (C) the ligand in position ÔinÕ, with the OH pointing inside the cavity and, in (B) and (D) the ligand in position ÔoutÕ,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... obtained recombinant bovine stomach lysozyme (BSL2), the most highly expressed lysozyme in the cow stomach X- ray crystallography and some other experiments were performed to determine how this lysozyme ... convergent amino acid replacements Results X- ray crystallography of BSL2 The crystal structure of BSL2 is shown in Fig 1A, and the data collection, processing and refinement statistics are summarized ... structure was refined at ˚ 1.5 A to an R-factor of 17.8% and an R-free of Table Data collection, processing and refinement statistics Data collection Space group ˚ Cell constants (A) a b c ˚ Resolution...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:21

... 20 mm of ligand (PEP, PAH or FPAH) for and flash-cooled X- ray diffraction data were collected from two native crystals (referred to as sulfate_2 and sulfate_3 in Table 1) and four ligand-cocrystallised ... LiOH provided the expected products PAH and FPAH as lithium salts in 28% and 15% overall yield, respectively X- ray crystallography Recombinant T brucei enolase was expressed and purified as previously ... sulfate_2, PEP and PAH_1 structures is shown in Fig Unexpected variability in inhibitor complex structures Comparison of the substrate and inhibitor complexes shows that the His156-out and His156-in...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... central six-strand mixed b sheet (b2, b1, b3, b5, b6 and b4; b5 is antiparallel to the others) flanked by three a-helices (a1, a9 and a8) on the inner side and by two a-helices (a2 and a3) and two ... in X- ray diffraction data collection Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 55, 1718–1725 22 Otwinowski Z & Minor W (1997) Processing of X- ray diffraction data collected in oscillation mode Methods ... 1P74, 1WXD, 2EGG, 2HK7, 2HK8 and 2NLO), (b) binary complex bound with either cofactor (1NPD, 1NVT, 1NYT, 1O9B, 1P77, 1VI2 and 2CY0) or substrate (2D5C, 2GPT and 2O7Q) and (c) inactive (2HK9_A and...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 02:20

... conventional and high- throughput methods EDITED BY Mark Sanderson and Jane Skelly Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford It furthers ... conventional and high- throughput crystallography of proteins, RNA, protein–DNA complexes, protein expression and purification, crystallization, data collection, and techniques of structure solution and ... Preface v Contributors ix Classical cloning, expression, and purification Jane Skelly, Maninder K Sohi, and Thil Batuwangala High- throughput cloning, expression, and purification Raymond J Owens, Joanne...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:45

... cell and lumen models Let X = · x = width of the double cell wall: s = R · T – [(R – X) · (T – X) ], s = X · (T + R) – X2 , s / S = cell wall proportion If drx = the wood density measured by x ray: ... apparent density of the cell wall = drx / cell wall proportion = drx · S/s = drx · R · T / [X · (T + R) – X2 ] = drx · R · T / [X · (T + R – X) ] 2.3.2 Hexagonal model ST = area of measurement ... H2 And again, if drx = the wood density measured by x ray: apparent density of the cell wall = drx / cell wall proportion = drx · S/s = drx · H2 / (H2 – H’2) The use of rectangular and hexagonal...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:22

... microfocus X- ray source incident X- ray beam thin sample residual X- ray beam scintillator visible light prism cooled CCD detector lead shield Figure Schematic diagram and overview of an X- ray device ... residual X- ray beam is converted into visible light The detection is performed by a cooled CCD camera X- ray imaging and representation by finite elements 771 intensity of the incident X- ray beam ... 1% of the incident Xray beam intensity The quality of the image (contrast between lumen and cell wall) involves a great number of X- photons to be detected The experimental X- ray conditions are:...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... On the other hand, other differences between X- ray- induced, EMS-induced and natural lethal mutations evidently exist As can be seen from table III, a very high proportion of X- ray- induced lethal ... I) were randomly distributed among the types of lethals The x2 values were highly significant between natural and both types of induced lethals, but not significant between X- ray- induced and EMS-induced ... survey was performed for the X- ray- and EMS-induced lethals It is wells known that an acute irradiation with a high X- ray dose over a rather short time induces a high proportion of chromosomal...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:20

... Materials and Methods 34 chemical dataset.157 This data preparation process includes high quality data collection, chemical structure (and when possible, associated biological data) curation, and adequate ... information, data storage, organization and management and design of database structure is the next step, which will be described in the next section 2.1.3 Data organization and database structure ... screening XIII LIST OF PUBLICATIONS In silico prediction of adverse drug reactions and toxicities based on structural, biological and clinical data X Liu, Z She, Y Xue, Z.R Li, S.Y Yang and Y.Z...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:09

... London was an industrial Xray machine It was water-cooled and could produce X- radiation continuously The tube assembly type was a Comet ceramic X- ray tube assembly MXR160/0.4–3.0 The tube generator ... Studies on Dry and Hydrated Cross-Linked Hydrophilic Copolymer 26 The industrial X- ray tube was used to irradiate copper, molybdenum, silver and tin targets producing Kα fluorescent X- rays with effective ... obtained from the XCOM5 computer calculation as well as experimental results from Millar and Greening7 and AlHaj.8 The data fitted well with the calculated values with a maximum deviation of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

... found in databases like ELM [37] and MiniMotif (MnM) [38, 39] Some existing experimental methods to find SLiMs are site-directed mutagenesis and phage display These are tedious and expensive methods ... transient complexes) An example of an RNA-protein obligate complex is the ribosomal complex which contain both folded RNA and proteins On the other hand, a transient RNA-protein complex can be seen ... both the protein and RNA These proteins and RNA interact with each other and form functional complexes They either stay complexed to remain functional (we call them obligate complexes) or they dissociate...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:52

... carbide XRD : x- ray diffraction HR-XRD : High- resolution synchrotron x- ray diffraction RSM : Reciprocal space mapping PLM : Polarized light microscope xx FWHM : Full-width-at-half-maximum ε’ ... et al.) S: x = ([001]-poled) S: x = ([001]- and [111]-poled) S: x = 5, (unpoled) S: x =4.5, ([001]-poled) S: x = 4.5, ([001]-poled) S: x =8, 10 ([100]-,[011]-, and [111]-poled) P: 10 x 15 prepared ... PZN-PT PZN -x% PT: single crystal (S) or powder (P) P: 5

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40

... surface X- ray 44.65o ~43.0-44.0o 42 43 44 45 46 47 2θ [010]W [100] L PZN-4.5%PT b) b) Fractured surface Intensity (arb units) X- ray X- ray 44.62 42 43 44 45 o 46 47 2θ Figure 5.1 (002) XRD profiles ... polishing, and (b) deformation of R relaxor single crystals with their c axes lying normal to the plane of the surface and are placed in high in-plane compression Their microscopic sizes and the highly ... Synchrotron x- ray diffraction of higher energy, being 18 keV, revealed similar penetration depth in PZN-8%PT sample [32] Meanwhile, using synchrotron x- ray diffraction at 10.7 keV, 32 keV, and 67...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40

... (c), and (e) To expose the bulk material, the same samples were later fractured into two halves and were again x- rayed The results are shown in Figures 5.11(b), (d), and (f) The polished -and- annealed ... in the x- ray diffraction patterns (Figures 5.11a, c, and e) As a result, the polished surface can hardly reveal any useful structural information of the crystals hence unsuitable for x- ray diffraction ... surface (a), (c) and (e) (002) RSMs taken from the as-polished surface of PZN-7%PT, PZN-8%PT and PZN-9%PT after annealing at 257 °C for h, respectively (b), (d) and (f) same as (a), (c) and (e) but...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40