word order in german pdf

... German words C = { V, AV, EV, Vfin, Vinf, Vbse, Vpp, …, C, N, X, Y } (V = verb, AV = auxiliary verb, EV = verb with Ersatzinfinitiv, Vfin = finite verb, Vinf = infinitive with zu, Vbse = base infinitive, Vpp ... can. Positioning of a non-verbal element in a ma- jor field: 8 (r, V, X, f, ed) Box creation rules Creation of the main domain in the initial field: (Vfin, i, md, [) Creation of an embedded domain in ... right bracket (keeping in mind that we do not describe the order of the Mittelfeld). 2.9 Relatives and pied-piping Relative clauses open an embedded domain with the main verb going into the right bracket....

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 01:20

... among possible word orders. We show that com- bining discriminative training with features to detect these two different kinds of move- ment phenomena leads to substantial im- provements in word ordering ... strong baselines. Integrating this word order model in a baseline MT system results in a 2.4 points improvement in BLEU for English to Japanese translation. 1 Introduction The machine translation ... thus this order violates the con- straint. 2 In an onto mapping, every word on the target side is asso- ciated with some word on the source side. 10 We train the parameters λ by minimizing the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... continue to discuss the solution of these first two types, since it will be contained in that of the main problem, the distinction of nominative from accusative in the feminine and neuter singular ... types of ambiguity be- ing three in number. 1. The masculine singular nominative of der and welcher is identical to the feminine singu- lar dative. 2. The masculine singular accusative of ... certain verbs, for instance folgen, when used intransitively or in the passive voice, and providing the syntactical unit preceding the verb is directly dependent on it, the inverted German word...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20

... corresponding to (d, k) in V to the node corresponding to s in U. The original problem of finding a solution parse in the constraint graph now reduces to finding a complete matching in the bipartite ... languages including Indian and other languages have relatively free word or- der. tn free word order languages, order of words contains only secondary information such as em- phasis etc. Primary information ... later in Sec. 3.) 2 Constraint Based Parsing The Paninian theory outlined above can be used for building a parser. First stage of the parser takes care of morphology. For each word in the input...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

... the New Order in Politics 5 enlisted in their support. But those interests are in the main the interests of getting or keeping the patronage of the government. Tenets and policies, points of ... followed the ordinary lines of partisan contention in Congress, which public opinion was accustomed to regard with contemptuous indifference as mere sparring for points in the electioneering game. ... a pictorial weekly in New York in 1875. It was originally printed in German, but in less than a year it was issued also in English. It was not until 1879 that it sprang into general notice...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 09:20

... being concentrated at relatively low values of length, and of having no elements exceeding a certain length (Fig. 1). Words, defined in this fashion, can readily be identified by a machine ... that their listing in a dictionary is practicable. From the practical point of view, the distri- bution is useful in planning input and storage facilities in experimental translating equip- ment. ... here as Fig. 1. The theoretical interest of this distribution arises from the possibility of using it as a basis for an operational definition of words in printed texts. If texts are considered...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 19:20

... (2i). By inverting the se- quential numbering of the i-singlets obtained from i-quantification (but not the strings corresponding to the i-singlets), we obtain the order of generation. In essence, ... Hochhaus in einem Eckzimmer." Thus, it is always possible to insert another definite locative element in a string before coming finally to the indefinite locative element. The final solution ... will be in- terpreted here as a string, the structure of which can be expressed in terms of a string of ordered i-singlets. The internal grouping of the locative elements within the string results...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 19:20

... application required for this task can also include codes indicating places in the string where other material may intervene, because this information is available in the relevant PIClass of the database. ... separable verbs in WM. specification of the individual string. The class is defined by the linguist in the specification of inflection processes. The specification of the string is part of ... verbs in German and Dutch differs from the corresponding one in English, because English verbs such as look up are multi- word units in all contexts. A treatment of these cases which is in line...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 07:20

... parsing, according to Small's approach, is disambiguation. Words may have large numbers of different meanings. Discrimination nets inserted in words indicate the paths to be followed in ... not originally conceived for flexible word order languages. (In the extreme free word order case, an ATN would have one single node and a large number of looping arcs, losing its meaningfulness). ... right, interpreting the various words comprising the sentence one at a time. The basic ideas of the approach are the following: a) to introduce into the lexicon linguistic knowledge that in...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... using the current items in the “pro- cessing buffer” and those in the “input queue,” and if not, shifting a word from the input queue onto the processing buffer. The distinction is marked, in ... in general is that in order to maintain incrementality, we do not at- tempt to return items displaced during generation to their original positions. We still perform only rais- ing, just as in ... to handle discontinuous constituency phenomena for NPs in Latin. We take a look at the application of this parser to a specific kind of apparent island violation in Latin involving the extraction...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

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