... changes inthe majority ofthe assumptions, including the costs of treatment, suggesting that the impact on chronic diseases on the countries’ economy is not equivalent to what they cost the countries ... growth by the addition ofthe human capital component in addition to the labour input (9). Education capital was initially commonly added to explain the human capital impactof disease inthe growth ... to the assumptions, and the uncertainty inthe assumptions. The sensitivity ofthe forecasts from model to a total of 79 assumptions (variables) was examined to finally focus on the 10 most influential...
... resulting in $1 billion over the life ofthe mine. At the local level, SI estimates that total indirect taxes paid by employees will total $41 million over the life ofthe mine (taxes at the ... and incomes are a multiple ofthe initial direct effects. Economic impacts were estimated using the Pima County module of IMPLAN, an input-output model developed and maintained by the Minnesota ... are of interest. To incorporate this information into IMPLAN, it is necessary to assign a detailed industry code to each transaction indicating the nature ofthe good or service being purchased...
... repayable within 12 months irrespective ofthe amount ofthe loan. However, the larger the loan, the larger the amount ofthe repayment installment, and a large installment may strain the repayment ... entities inthe financial system. Incidentally even the Act does not make any mention of interest rates except that the total interest cannot exceed the principal amount ofthe loan. On the other ... size ofthe loan per borrower has increased by 43.28%. This suggests that there is either an increase inthe size ofthe average individual loan given to the borrower or is an indication of...
... activator ofthe reaction [8]. CTP synthase hasa central role in pyrimidine metabolism, as the enzymecatalyses the only reaction resulting inthe amination of the pyrimidine ring into a cytosine ... of synthetic promoters. Expression from pyrG inthe wildtype is regulated by the concentration of CTP inthe cellby an attenuation mechanism inthe 5Â-end ofthe pyrGmRNA [6]. The primer was ... are included in the figure. The central part ofthe figure shows the conversion of UTP toCTP catalyzed by CTP synthase encoded by pyrG. Involvement of pyrimidine nucleotides in synthesis of DNA,...
... heathenism.These inventions were the spinning jenny, the steam engine, the power loom, the wool-combing machine, and the cotton gin. They augmented the output of spinning mills, and in cheapening ... result ofthe introduction ofthe Lancastrian and monitorial systems of instruction the enrollment was further increased and the general tone ofthe school was improved. Another impetus was given the ... as their peculiar needs demanded. In the agricultural sections the first duty ofthe teacher ofthe blacks was to show them how to get their living from the soil. This wasthe final test of their...
... and 42 (8%) of unknown gender.It wasthe mother who answered the questionnaire in 89.5% ofthe sample, it wasthe father in 4.57% of the sample, and it was someone else in 6.28% ofthe sample.Distribution ... written information about the methods, aims, and the voluntary nature of partici-pation inthe study. Subjects ofthe patient group filled in the questionnaires in a room inside the outpatientclinic, ... the mother who answered the questionnaire in 92.52% ofthe sample, and it was the father in 7.48% ofthe sample. No parent inthe patientgroup refused to participate inthe study, 3 patients ages5-7...
... approaches, the range of MIDs were 3–5 points for the satisfaction domain, 4–5 points for the impact domain, 6–8 points for the worry domain, and 3–4 pointsfor the overall HRQOL.DiscussionAlthough the ... and discriminant validity of the DQOL against the D-39S and the RAND-12. In general,domain scores ofthe DQOL were moderately correlatedwith the D-39S (except sexual functioning) and the RAND-12 ... cognitive debriefing tests to assess the level of comprehension and cognitive equivalence ofthe items. The finding from cognitive debriefing tests suggests aminor revision inthe wordings for some...
... adequate sta-bility ofthe instrument. The 7-day interval between inter-views was important in diminishing the probability of systemic alterations inthe clinical condition of the patient. It is ... self-administered mode of administration needs further investigation. Finally,there was no report by the patients or guardians of anylack of comprehension regarding the questions. The lack of validation ... percent of malignant tumors inthe world. In Brazil, the estimatedincidence of children with tumors in 2006 was 2.5 percent of all cases of malignant neoplasms (11,800 individuals in the 0 to...
... a ratingscale inthe manner the test constructor intended [35].Because it is always uncertain how a rating scale was usedby a sample, an investigation ofthe functioning ofthe rat-ing scale ... the way it was intended by the developer ofthe scale [15]. Thus, the assumptions about both the quality ofthe measures andutility ofthe rating scale in facilitating interpretable meas-ures ... Comparisons to the mean scores of the other subscales within the present study to those of the previous PedsQL™ school study [3], the mean scoreson the social functioning scale of both healthy...
... by the clinical condition weobtained a 600% increased odds of reporting impairment in the mobility domain (OR = 7.0, 95% C.I. 4.7–10.4), a690% increased odds of reporting impairment inthe ... < 0.001).Discussion In this study we investigated the construct validity of the Italian version ofthe EQ-5D administering the instru-ment to a sample of citizens living in Bologna (NorthItaly). ... utilized in non-Italian set-tings, it lacks of empirical evaluations in Italy. The lack of information on the construct validity and reliability of the instrument as well as the absence of utilities...
... covered by public insurance in Japan, half of the guardians rated their economic level as ‘lo w’ becausemost mothers had to quit their job to take care of theirchildren.There was no statistically ... reports. Accord-ing to the pilot testing, the time required to complete the questionnaires was estimated to be 5 to 10 minutesTable 2 Multivariable analysis ofthe total score of the PedsQL Cancer ... the original E nglish version, the interviewer wasthe child’sparent. After the parent completed the parent proxyreport separately from their child, they read out the questions for the child’...
... Hence, the loading ofthe first four items including, walking more than one block, running, doing sports activities or exercise and lifting something heavy, either in children or in their parents, ... The unavailability of information on nonrespondents and investigation of only a sample from Tehran, the capital city of Iran, may limit the generalizability of the findings to other parts of ... Conclusions: The findings support the initial reliability and validity ofthe Iranian version ofthe PedsQLTM 4.0 as a generic instrument to measure health-related quality of life of children in Iran....
... currently undergoing chemotherapy.Convergent and discriminant validity was examined bycorrelating the scales ofthe Japanese version ofthe Ped-sQL™ Brain Tumor Module with the theoretically-pre-dicted ... excluded from the study if hospital doctors orsocial workers ofthe CCAJ determined the family to beunsuitable for participating inthe study due to finding the subject of brain tumors too painful ... ceilings on the sample size. Instead, we seta ceiling of four months on the study duration. Poweranalysis using the findings from the original English ver-sion [16] demonstrated that the minimum...