weakly supervised selection of keywords

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 00:20

... difficulty of decision in the annotation of fine-grained semantic relations. 2 While the first gold standard dataset of verb pairs was annotated out of context, we constructed a second gold standard of ... further discriminating more detailed semantic relations. 3 A Weakly Supervised Approach to Learning Presupposition Relations We describe a weakly supervised approach for learning semantic relations between ... Table 1. A Weakly Supervised Learning Approach. Our algorithm starts with a small number of seed verb pairs selected manually for each relation and iteratively classifies a large set of unseen...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... of pairs of a class label and an instance {<C,I>} Variables: {S} = clusters of distributionally similar phrases . {V} = vectors of contextual matches of queries in text . {M E } = set of ... Overview of weakly- supervised extraction of class instances, class labels and class attributes from Web documents and query logs study in attribute extraction reports results on a set of 40 manually-assembled ... clusters of queries based on vectors {V} 04. For each cluster of phrases S in {S} 05. {C S } = ∅ 06. For each query Q of S 07. Insert labels of Q from {M E } into {C S } 08. For each label C S of {C S } 09....

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... to the root of the hierarchy. The resulting sets of in- stances constitute the input to the acquisition of attributes, which consists of four stages: 1) identification of a noisy pool of candidate ... first of the 9 senses of companies. Extraction of Attributes for Hierarchy Con- cepts: The labeled classes of instances linked to conceptual hierarchies constitute the input to the acquisition of ... a minimum of 5 (e.g., for Food) to a maxi- mum of 11 (for Flower), with a mean depth of 8 over the 25 concepts. Evaluation Procedure: The measurement of re- call requires knowledge of the complete...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

Ngày tải lên: 28/08/2013, 10:23

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... common to come from a background of thinking everything has to be even and centered. Though the pursuit of perfection maybe a noble one, it is not needed in the realm of photography. Capture a more ... picture by having your subject be off to the side of the frame. If your camera has an auto-focus feature, it may try to lock onto whatever appears in the middle of the frame. Focus manually and ... following the foregoing tips, you can learn to make the most of your natural talent, and turn a slew of amateur photos into a professional portfolio. wedding photographer - http://www.wedding-photography-tampa.com/...

Ngày tải lên: 27/01/2014, 16:09

... on the result of selection. If the cutting sites are in the flexible loop of the native structure, they could prevent the selection of stable proteins. By examining the structures of the proteins ... consideration of multi-body Fig. 3. Effect of a partially unfolded intermediate on the selection result. If the cutting site for protease is in the unfolded region of an interme- diate state, selection of ... by the existence of the slowest exchanging amide protons. Fig. 2. Effect of structural change on the selection. (A) Structure of cyt b 562 . Residues M7 and H102 are the ligands of heme. Heme is represented...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... supervised CRF supervised CRF restricted GE CRF GE CRF GE human Figure 1: Comparison of the constraint baseline and both GE and supervised training of the restricted and full CRF. Note that supervised ... marginal probability of a particular edge k → i (i.e. y i =k), the score of any edge k  → i such that k  = k is set to 0. The determinant of the resulting modi- fied Kirchoff matrix K k→i is then the sum of ... x. By relating the sum of the scores of all possible trees to counting the number of spanning trees in a graph, it can be shown that Z x is the determinant of the Kirchoff matrix K, which is...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 07:20

... fea- ture selection is often intuitive, recent work has ex- perimented with automatic feature selection using LDA (Druck et al., 2008). For some of the exper- iments we also use two sets of 33 additional ... useful piece of information. There are three types of supervised/ semi- supervised data used in the experiments. Labeled instances are the traditional or conventionally 874 Proceedings of ACL-08: ... the majority label of the feature and divide the remaining probability uniformly among the remainder of the labels. Labeled Instances 10 25 100 supervised HMM 61.6% 70.0% 76.3% supervised CRF 64.6%...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... (cognate) and FF (false- friend). 5.1 Supervised Method For both the supervised and semi -supervised method we used the bag -of- words (BOW) ap- proach of modeling context, with binary values ... Studies of Intelligence, pp.44- 59. Grzegorz Kondrak. 2001. Identifying Cognates by Phonetic and Semantic Similarity. Proceedings of NAACL 2001: 2nd Meeting of the North American Chapter of the ... sentences, we used 2/3 of the sentences for training (seeds) and 1/3 for test- ing when applying both the supervised and semi- supervised approach. In Table 3 we present the number of seeds used for...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... advantage of a dictio- nary (if one exists) to handle NEs which are par- tially or entirely translated. We take advantage of dynamically growing feature space to reduce the number of supervised ... Computational Linguistics Weakly Supervised Named Entity Transliteration and Discovery from Multilingual Comparable Corpora Alexandre Klementiev Dan Roth Dept. of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana, ... to score a pair of enti- ties across languages, we compute the similarity of their time distributions. The second observation is that NEs often con- tain or are entirely made up of words that are...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... Ensemble Method for Selection of High Quality Parses Roi Reichart ICNC Hebrew University of Jerusalem roiri@cs.huji.ac.il Ari Rappoport Institute of Computer Science Hebrew University of Jerusalem arir@cs.huji.ac.il Abstract While ... num- ber of models N. Regarding S 3 : As the sample size increases, the number of T-sentences increases, and their qual- ity degrades in terms of average f-score but im- proves in terms of filter ... 100 Number of models − N Figure 2: The effect of the number of models N on SEPA (Collins’ model). The scenario is in-domain, sample size S = 33, 000 and T = 100. We see: average f-score of T-sentences...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... 7% relative to their supervised baseline. Spoustova et al. (2009) use a new pool of unlabeled data tagged by an ensemble of state -of- the-art taggers in every training step of an averaged perceptron POS ... simplify semi -supervised learning consider- ably. 2.4 Learning algorithms We assume some knowledge of supervised learn- ing algorithms. Most of our experiments are im- plementations of wrapper methods ... Proceedings of the ACL 2010 Conference Short Papers, pages 205–208, Uppsala, Sweden, 11-16 July 2010. c 2010 Association for Computational Linguistics Simple semi -supervised training of part -of- speech...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... perplexity Billions of words of training data random selection in-domain cross-entropy scoring Klakow's method cross-entropy difference scoring Figure 1: Test set perplexity vs. training set size Selection ... per- plexity of 124, obtained with a model built from 36% of the Gigaword corpus. Klakow’s method is even more effective, with an optimum perplex- ity of 111, obtained with a model built from 21% of the ... variant of Bayes rule, the probability P (N I |s, N) of a text segment s, drawn randomly from N, being in N I is given by P (N I |s, N) = P (s|N I , N)P (N I |N) P (s|N) Since N I is a subset of N,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... by use of vertical space, that is, shelving to hold some of the less frequently used materials. Modern office chair design has solved many of the problems of fitting a wide range of different ... range of heights of the mid lumbar region (L2 - L4) of users. 1.16 Armrest height is the vertical distance between the centre of the compressed seat cushion and the fore-and-aft centre of the ... for developing checklists for office chairs were typical of the development of other checklists. They are described below. Development of Checklists for Office Chairs In developing...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 13:20

... price offered. Table 2. Explanation of attribute indices H. E. Cook, A. Wu: On the valuation of goods and selection of the best design alternative 51 On the valuation of goods and selection of the ... the right of those shown in the topmost section of Table 1. The H. E. Cook, A. Wu: On the valuation of goods and selection of the best design alternative 49 can be used with a degree of con®dence ... the intercept as a phenomenological measure of the value of the product is also intuitive in the absence of the S-model. The use of V±P as a measure of the driving force for demand was suggested...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:20

... expression of soluble IgG and antigen specificity screening by ELISA. Twenty-six of 186 of the screened clones were PA-specific binders. Sequence analysis of the positive clones confirmed the selection of ... mL of the culture was used for infection with fUSE5– ZZ, as described above. Evaluation of the enrichment in each round of selection was performed by phage ELISA as described above. Library selection ... were grown, induced for expression of IgG, and subjected to an additional round of sorting. Screening of selected clones by ELISA Following two rounds of FACS selection, single selected cells were...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:21

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 05:22