volume respiratory system mechanics and gas exchange

... pressure and mean arterial pressure) The primary study end points were the CPP for haemodynamic stability and PaO2 and PaCO2 for gas exchange Secondary study end points were systolic and mean ... effect Our hypothesis was that in CPR the ILA system had no significant effect on gas exchange (PaO2 and arterial partial pressure of CO2(PaCO2)) and a harmful effect on circulation (coronary ... in respired gas, airway pressures, arterial venous pressure and CVP were monitored using the S/5 anaesthesia monitoring system (Datex Ohmeda, Helsinki, Finland) The iliac artery and vein were...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 15:21

... of gasexchange and photosynthetic resource-use in the more favourable part of the growth season differed between seedlings and adults and to analyse the relationships between leaf traits and gas ... the months of July and August, and summer drought occurs every year 2.2 Gas- exchange measurements Gas- exchange measurements were carried out in the field, during late spring and early summer (before ... cases, are poor in organic matter and in nutrients, with a low pH and medium/low water retention capacity Clay content ranges between 17 and 24%; silt, 14–16% and sand between 61–64% The climate...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... Direct effects of simulated acid wet deposition on gas exchange of Norway spruce In: Direct Effects of Dry and Wet Deposition on Forest Ecosystems - in Particular Canopy Interactions Air Pollution ... photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and growth of Populus cv Beziupr6 In: Air Pollution and Ecosystems (Mathy P., ed.) D Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland, pp 728-733 ... Treatment means, pooled for the whole summer, of net C0 exchange (CER) and needle conductance (Gn) of the clones are shown in Fig a, b C0 exchange rate was reduced for all clones at pH 4.0+ as...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... with gas exchange and respiratory mechanics parameters before and after a recruitment maneuver Parameters correlating with aerated lung No significant correlations were found between the gas exchange ... lung volumes (VTOT, VHYP, VNORM, VPOOR, VNON) The intrathoracic gas volume was calculated as VGAS = VTOT × HUMEAN/-1000 and the intrathoracic tissue volume was calculated as VTISS = VTOT - VGAS ... 1c) and also between VPOOR and respiratory system compliance (r = 0.719, p = 0.006) (Fig 1a) and the inflation pressure maximum compliance increase (r = 0.655, p = 0.008) Effects on gas exchange...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 22:22

... increase in RV and FRC and decrease in slope of pressure -volume curve for the respiratory system (rs) in the older subject, illustrating decreased compliance of the respiratory system (Data from ... Milne and Williamson, Enright and colleagues, and DuWayne Schmidt and colleagues[52,74,75] DuWayne Schmidt and colleagues included patients ages 20 to 94 and found that decline in FEV1 and FVC ... Enright and colleagues, normal values for FEV1/FVC are less than 70% for men ages 80 and older and women ages 92 and older (see Box 1) [74] Flow -volume curves and peak expiratory flow Fowler and...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20

... ANSUNISO Printed in The Netherlands Preface Volume I of Adhesion Science and Engineering dealt with the mechanics of adhesive bonds and the rheology of adhesives Volume I1 deals with the other ... deeper understanding of the relationship between adhesion and the chemical composition of surfaces and complement the chapters describing contact mechanics found in Volume I Rimai and Quesnel extend ... between practical adhesion energy and the work of adhesion is the generalized fracture mechanics theory of Gent and coworkers [23-251 and contributed to by Andrews and Kinloch [26-291 This defines...

Ngày tải lên: 26/04/2014, 15:36

... in the H and LH treatments than in other treatments The Ci /Ca ratio ranged from 0.63 (LH and H treatment for the 1- and 2YS) to 0.74 and 0.76 (V and C for the 1- and 2YS respectively) and was ... removed and cool stored The eight probes from the same treatment were combined and analysed in groups of four, which resulted in two values per experimental treatment 2.6 Leaf gas exchange and leaf ... diameter and 171 cm height and those from 1YS, 9.2 mm of diameter and 129 cm height Diameter was measured using a digital calliper at a permanently marked point at breast height (2YS) and at 50...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... the end of the study Gas- exchange and fluorescence measurements were carried out over two years on four leaves at similar ontogenic stage (young and fully expanded) of four randomly selected plants ... infection than undisturbed plants, and if so, whether this would be reflected in gas- exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements During the summer, when soil and atmospheric water deficits ... springs and autumns and hot dry summers, with a mean annual temperature of 13–14 ºC and an annual precipitation of 500–700 mm Plants were irrigated daily with 1.33 L water during autumn and winter and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... DOY 190, and in the afternoon (1500 hours solar time) on the needles used for gas- exchange measurements, the needles were cut and respectively After rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored ... (about days) and it took about week for A and plant transpiration rate to recover the pre-stress values (figures and 2) gesting In contrast to our results obtained on needles, Nguyen and Lamant ... in drought stressed Q alba, Q macrocarpa and Q stellata seedlings, Can J For Res 18 (1988) 1-5 [12] Picon C., Guehl J.M., Ferhi A., Leaf gas- exchange and isotope composition responses to drought...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... positional effects one 2.2 Gas exchange Measurements of stomatal conductance (g and C ) s exchange rate (CER) were made at the growth [CO ] with a portable gas- analysis system (LI-6200, Li-cor Inc., ... no effect on gas exchange, phenolics and TNC of live oak seedlings; and that interactions of CO with soil resource limitations (N) would have no effect on these variables Materials and methods ... were assembled in racks and wrapped in aluminum foil to avoid root system heating, and set in trays constantly containing a layer of nutrient solution to avoid desiccation and minimize nutrient...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... young stands even though stand total leaf area remains high [1] A three- dimensional gas exchange model (STANDFLUX; cf [18]), which includes sub-models for light interception and for gas exchange ... stages and with intermediate forest structures, as shown for instance by Buchmann et al [13] Based on measurements of needle gas exchange [17] and gas exchange of branches without needles and trunks ... accuracy of ± 20% DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Gas exchange rates of the six Norway spruce canopies were described with the three dimensional gas exchange model STANDFLUX with one species-specific...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:22

... examined the effects of CO enhancement i) on leaf gas exchange under well-watered conditions and moderate drought and ii) on biomass production and predict the impact of increasing CO upon natural ... plant physiology and growth (Field et al, 1992; Mousseau and Saugier, 1992) Generally, total growth of a plant is increased by elevated CO (Eamus and Jarvis, 1989), but leaf gas exchange appear ... harvested and divided into roots, stems and leaves Expanding leaves, secondary roots and stems were segmented Biomass of each part, length of the main root and stem, and total leaf area were recorded...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21

... calcu) i lated by the LI-6200 The shoot used for gas- exchange measurements was harvested for dry weight determination in order to standardize gasexchange measurements by unit needle weight A second ... concentrations of 0, 40, and 80 g PEG/kg H and were used to fill 45-I basins O The concentrations correspond to water potentials of about 0, -0.04 and -0.12 MPa (Williams and Shaykewich, 1969) Four ... evaporative demand (E20: 20°C, 60% RH) or a high evaporative demand (E30: 30°C, 40% RH) The corresponding absolute humidity deficits in the cham-3 bers were 6.9 and 18.2 g m for E20 and E30, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:21

... δ=R where s R and b R [1] refer to 13 ratio in the C 12 C/ Dee Belemnite standard sample and in the Pee (PDB), respectively RESULTS Microclimate, growth and gas exchange Gas exchange measurements ... were shaded all day long p I Water status and gas exchange measurements Water status and gas exchange measurements made periodically between July 11 and August 16 These measurements were carried ... transition between the shaded and the full sunlight exposed regions Gas exchange measurements were performed between 11.30 and 13.30 (UT) on leaves per tree Gas exchange parameters were calculated...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:22

... LWC is the mean of replicates Gas exchange measurements Whole leaf gas exchange was measured in an open system designed in the laboratory Net COassimilation (A) and transpiration (E) rates were ... photosynthesis and stomatal control of gas exchange in three coniferous species Physiol Plant 73, 97-104 Guehl JM, Aussenac G (1987) Photosynthesis decrease and stomatal control of gas exchange in ... designing the gas exchange measurement system, JM Gioria for breeding the plants, JM Guehl for advice in preparing the manuscript and two anonymous reviewers for helpful criticism REFERENCES André M...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 03:24

... part of the soil profile A portable system was used to measure gas exchange in the field (LCA-2 system) Gas exchange calculations are according to von Caemmerer and Farquhar (1981) Leaf water potential ... to be slightly higher (data not shown) We have expressed gas exchange measurements on an area-base because light interception and gas exchange with the atmosphere are areabased phenomena (however, ... instantaneous water use efficiencies (WUE) between evergreen and deciduous trees The small differences between INUE as estimated by gas exchange and as estimated by the relative amount of carbon stable...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... needles is fairly low (Troeng and Linder, 1982) Enclosing them in a cuvette causes errors in A, E and g Soil temperature affected gas exchange pine seedlings In general A and E were higher in warm ... photosynthesis and water relations with age and season in Abies amabilis Gan :J For, Res 14,77-84 Troeng E & Under S (1982) Gas exchange in Change a 20-year-old Scots pine I Net photosynthesis of current and ... the first 11 d and then declined The shape of the curve is similar to that for transpiration Conclusions Initiation and development of current yr needles affected the results of gas exchange measurements...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... lesions, tumor location was the right upper, middle and lower lobes in 17, and 13 cases, respectively, and the left upper and lower lobes in 13 and 10 cases, respectively All of them were treated ... ≤ mm in 93%, 90% and 78%, and ≤ 10 mm in 100%, 100% and 98% in lateral (right-to-left, RL), AP and craniocaudal (CC) directions, respectively So we defined the planning target volume (PTV) margin ... function and tumor movement was analyzed Thirteen and 10 tumors in the upper and lower lung fields, respectively, were in patients with normal pulmonary function Ten, and tumors each in the upper and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:22

... clarified With the multiple inert gas elimination technique, developed by Wagner et al [13] and modified for use in the standing horse [14], the pulmonary gas exchange and a virtually continuous distribution ... Sampling of blood and expired gas for measurements of gas concentrations by the multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET) were performed in the unsedated standing horse (Unsedated) and started ... pulmonary function and gas exchange, and the sampling was completed in minutes Measurements of haemodynamic parameters Systemic arterial and pulmonary arterial blood pressure (SAP and PAP) were measured...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:22

... of(ARDS) functional bytrial after acute (FRC) and static compliTime courserespiratory system (Crs) during respiratory distress syn-endance of the respiratory system (Crs) during a decremental positive ... lower tidal volumes usually used during ARDS Figure pliance of the respiratory system (Crs) Correlation between functional residual capacity (FRC) and static compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) ... study, and collected the data during the experiments BL and PG analysed the data and performed the statistical analysis VD participated in the design and the coordination of the study and helped...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22