video and real time techniques

... look first at real- time issues, then some specific embedded issues, and finally, at trends and issues that commonly apply to both realtime and embedded systems Real- Time Systems A real- time system ... environment Real- Time Embedded System (state) Figure 2.1 A real- time system reacts to inputs from the environment and produces outputs that affect the environment Hard Real- Time and Soft Real- Time Systems ... not real time and it grew in an unbounded way, and the system (the evacuation system) was considered a failure Real- time systems that cannot perform in real time are failures If the queue is really...

Ngày tải lên: 22/09/2016, 10:03

... analysis of audio and video and arbitrary view and sound synthesis to encoding of 3D audio and video Understanding of real- time implementation issues, as well as system architectures and network aspects ... Images and Video 11.2.3 Predictive Coding of Video 11.2.4 Hybrid MC/DCT Coding for Video Sequences 11.2.5 Content-based Video Coding 11.3 Coding Standards 11.3.1 JPEG and JPEG 2000 11.3.2 Video ... 11 Coding and Standardization by A Smolic and T Sikora outlines the basic coding strategies frequently used for audio, image and video storage and transmission International coding standards such...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2013, 10:21

... oversized and exact-sized cartilage plugs in osteochondral grafting using osmotic loading and real- time ultrasound The main findings of the study are that osmotic loading and real- time ultrasound ... loading and real- time ultrasound and to demonstrate the accuracy of ultrasound in identifying the cartilage damage after osteochondral graft procedures To this end, we evaluated oversized and exact-sized ... and real- time ultrasound Under osmotic loading, the changes in the amplitude and echo shifts can support the evaluation of cartilage damage in osteochondral grafts Moreover, osmotic loading and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... transplantation by real- time PCR of Page of which two were positive by pp65 antigenemia assay and 12 were negative by both real- time PCR and pp65 antigenemia assay One donor was positive only by realtime PCR ... antigenemia and real - time PCR The highest copy number detected by real - time PCR was 29, 768 copies/ml and lowest was copies/ml The highest positive pp65 cell count recorded among them was 78 cells and ... (chi-square test p = 0.037%) Correlation between pp65 and real time PCR results Among the 76 kidney donors 58 (73.68%) were positive for real time PCR and of the 56, 39 (51.0%) were positive for pp65...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:20

... Arabidopsis mature pollen using miRNA array and real- time PCR techniques Our results indicated that ~60% of known Arabidopsis miRNAs are expressed in mature pollen, and most of them are present at lower ... (miR159a and miR159b) have been sequenced more than 5,000 times in mature pollen Since the expression of these two miRNAs was not detected by either real- time PCR or regular RT-PCR (Table and Figure ... μl of each primers (900 nM), μl Taqman probe (250 nM), and 1.5 μl cDNA sample All real- time PCR reactions were performed in a StepOne real- time PCR machine (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA)...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... assays, RNA extraction and realtime PCR analysis NJ drafted and wrote the manuscript MG developed the protocol for the binding assay, radiolabeled and purified the clinical isolate and performed the ... Coxsackie B viruses and adenoviruses and Science 1997, 275:1320-1323 Tomko RP, Xu R, Philipson L: HCAR and MCAR: the human and mouse cellular receptors for subgroup C adenoviruses and group B coxsackieviruses ... single-tube real- time reverse transcription-PCR assay J Clin Microbiol 2001, 39:4093-4096 Mohamed N, Elfaitouri A, Fohlman J, Friman G, Blomberg J: A sensitive and quantitative single-tube real- time...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:21

... analyzed, and utilized to model specific medical procedures Figure 1.5 shows examples of a volume-rendered and a surface-rendered torso of a patient Producing realistic data models and providing real- time ... anatomical structures and pathophysiological processes by applying image analysis and image modeling techniques such as volumetric rendering, surface reconstruction and visualization, and feature identification ... Kenneth Barner and Dr Karl Steiner; my committee members, Dr Charles Boncelet, and Dr Chandra Kambhamettu; Dr Javier Garcia-Frias and Dr Gonzalo R Arce for invaluable discussions; and Dr Denny...

Ngày tải lên: 13/11/2014, 16:25

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 12:51

... monitoring requires in-line sensors and real- time algorithms to facilitate real- time analysis of sensor signals [14] Therefore, in order to implement real- time CD monitoring and control effectively, we ... measured and reference spectrums is proposed for real- time monitoring and control Result shows CD non-uniformity can be significantly reduced to less than 10nm With this system, real- time monitoring and ... equipment and each step has the possibility to induce some kind of error or defect and therefore stringent process monitoring and control along the line is required for real- time fault detection and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 18:50

... Abstract Real- Time System 237 D PAT History 239 Summary The design and verification of concurrent and real- time systems are notoriously difficult problems Among the software validation techniques, ... is an important and nontrivial task There are two time semantics in the definition of real- time systems Discrete -time semantics [11] requires that all time readings are integers and all clocks ... real- time systems is based on the notation Timed Automata [10, 149] Timed Automata are powerful in designing real- time models with explicit clock variables Real- time constraints are captured by explicitly...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:38

... Unfortunately, these techniques are not suitable for real- time hair animation Recently, Koh and Huang [Koh00, Koh01] proposed a strip based approach that animates in real- time But because of the ... Maximizing visual effect is a major problem in real- time animation One work was proposed on real- time hair animation based on 2D representation and texture mapping [Koh00, Koh01] Due to its 2D ... strips and between scalp and hair strips to provide a realistic animation A model of collision detection, response and avoidance is also specified Collision of hair strips against scalp and collision...

Ngày tải lên: 28/09/2015, 13:21

... What Is Real- time? Real- time is harder to explain The basic idea behind real- time is that we expect the computer to respond to its environment in time Many people assume that real- time means real ... ix Audience and Prerequisites x Personal Biases xi Chapter 1: The Embedded and Real- time Space What Is Embedded? What Is Real- time? How and Why Does ... been written about Linux in embedded or real- time environments Linux Installation and Getting Started, Matt Welsh, et al ix Linux for Embedded and Real- time Applications I decided to climb the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2016, 09:24

... for real- time video compression in applications such as video- on-demand, interactive multimedia, and videoconferencing The demonstrated results, presented in the book, suggest that the XYZ video ... of Video Compression vii 1.1 Overview of Video Compression Techniques 1.2 Applications of Compressed Video 1.3 Image and Video Formats 1.4 Overview of the Book 12 The MPEG Video Compression Standard ... encoders and decoders, and the expected compression ratio is about 100:1 Table 1.2 Applications of the compressed video and current video compression standards Application Bandwidth Standard Size...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 07:59

... of real- time, ” namely real- time in the perceptual sense, real- time in the software engineering sense, and real- time in the signal processing sense 1.4.1 Real- time in Perceptual Sense Real- time ... Algorithmic simplifications for real- time image and video processing, Hardware platforms for real- time image and video processing, Software methods for real- time image and video processing P1: IML/FFX ... of real- time is further classified based on the strictness attached to the maximum bounded response time into what is known as hard realtime, firm real- time, and soft real- time Hard real- time...

Ngày tải lên: 05/06/2014, 11:40

... “Development and real- time test of video compression algorithms,” and Ph.D degree—thesis on “Implementation and simulation of real- time multimedia embedded system for video telephony application and advanced ... audio and video real- time data, thus facilitating the work of professionals located in remote hospital central system; (iii) the real- time audio and video connection allows for a better understanding ... system makes use of real- time audio /video and medical parameters transmission and storage, in order to provide reliable and timely data to clinicians It can be transported to handle situations where...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... distributed random numbers with mean and variance 1: xn ˆ 2*sqrt(3)*(rand À 0:5); For two random variables x and y, we have E‰x ‡ yŠ ˆ E‰xŠ ‡ E‰yŠ, …3:3:15† i.e., the mean value of the sum of random ... stage downloads the compiled (or assembled) and linked program into the target hardware (such as EVM) and brings it to a real- time operation Thus the realtime debugging process is primarily constrained ... results between (a) and (b) (d) A ˆ 1, f ˆ 600 Hz, and fs ˆ kHz (e) Compare and explain the results (b) and (d) 14 Generate 1024 samples of pseudo-random numbers with mean and variance using the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2013, 23:15

... non-causal and hence not physically realizable Instead we must compromise and accept a more gradual cutoff between passband and stopband, as well as specify a transition band between the passband and ... illustrated in Figure 5.1(a) The regions ! !c and ! > !c are referred to as the passband and stopband, respectively The frequency that separates the passband and stopband is called the cut-off frequency ... passband, the magnitude response has a peak deviation dp and in the stopband, it has a maximum deviation ds The frequencies !p and !s are the passband edge (cut-off) frequency and the stopband...

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 22:15

... passband is < F < Wp, the stopband is Ws < F < 1, and Wp < Ws For highpass filters, the normalized frequency range of stopband is < F < Ws, the passband is Wp < F < 1, and Wp > Ws For bandpass and ... passband and a monotonic characteristic in the stopband (see Figure 6.7a) The family of type II Chebyshev filters contains both poles and zeros, and exhibit a monotonic behavior in the passband and ... Chebyshev type II, and elliptic filters, respectively The parameters Wp and Ws are the normalized passband and stopband edge frequencies, respectively The range of Wp and Ws are between and 1, where...

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 05:15

... the DTFT of periodic and finite-length sequences Example 7.1: If the signals fx…n†g are real valued and N is an even number, we can show that X …0† and X …N=2† are real values and can be computed ... …7:1:17† and Im‰X …k†Š ˆ ÀIm‰X …N À k†Š, Thus the DFT of a real sequence produces symmetric real frequency components and anti-symmetric imaginary frequency components about X(M) The real part ... algorithms: decimation-in -time and decimation-infrequency In the decimation-in -time algorithm, the input time sequence is successively divided up into smaller sequences, and the DFTs of these subsequences...

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 05:15

... Control 2.2 Scheduling in Real- Time Systems 2.2.1 Real- Time Computing 2.2.2 Real- Time Communication 2.3 Control Loop Timing 2.3.1 Delay and Its Jitter 2.3.2 Sampling Period and Its Jitter 2.3.3 Data ... knowledge repositories associated with real- time control, real- time computing, and real- time communication Furthermore, a lot of work in the area of control and scheduling codesign deals with general-purpose ... to Real- Time Control Systems [ARZ05a, MUR03] There have been a large number of attempts to apply non -real- time operating systems such as Linux, Windows CE, and Tiny OS as well as non -real- time...

Ngày tải lên: 01/01/2014, 18:47