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... – Optimizing Methods and Tools, Edited by Harry Edmar Schulz, André Luiz Andrade Simões and Raquel Jahara Lobosco p cm ISBN 978-953-307-712-3 free online editions of InTech Books and Journals ... equations and procedures followed to study fluid motion, the books “Fundamentals of Hydro and Aerodynamics“ and “Applied Hydro and Aerodynamics“ by Prandtl and Tietjens (1934) present the theory and ... Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Edited by Harry Edmar Schulz, André Luiz Andrade Simões and Raquel Jahara Lobosco Published by InTech Janeza Trdine...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... multi-field data is being explored using clustering and cluster visualization 26 24 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH methods Coordinated or integrated views to parallel ... is the best candidate for this application 32 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH In the DEM-SPH coupling, a multiphase DEM-SPH model is proposed and described ... function should be sufficiently smooth and have a small compact support For example, we can choose K ( p) = (1 − || p||2 )2 for || p|| ≤ and K ( p) = otherwise and the bandwidth h to be equal to the longest...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools dv dt  Pout  Pin L   d2 v (34)  dy where Pin , Pout - the pressure at Г and Г accordingly;  ,  , L are the density, dynamic viscosity and the channel ... 2008): pin     v i t , (24) 56 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools where the velocity divergence at right hand side of above equation is calculated using formula (14) The radius-vectors ... )  p(0) d  where p(0) is initial pressure and p(T ) is the pressure at any other moment T (31) 58 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools In the numerical computations the value of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... Function and A can be any scalar field or continuous function The small difference between the equation (10) and the standard equation that uses 90 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools mj/i ... = 1.0 mm/ms and We = 4.5 The time scale is given in milliseconds 93 94 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools From the values of density, relative velocity, droplet diameter and surface ... Optimizing Methods and Tools This wave front begins to form little satellite drops and increases its amplitude until t=1.8x10-3ms There is no substantial growth of these satellite drops and the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... in the right hand side is zero We also know that ∇ · ω = and therefore we have 114 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH ∇ · (∇λ × ∇μ ) = (34) h= (35) and we finally ... Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH 10 where w is the enthalpy and ρ the density field For this work we will consider, for simplicity and without loss of generality, ... representation Eq (58) as 122 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH 14 μ i = x i + μ ip , (88) λi and the other fields and φ in Eq (58) are periodic In order to we also...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... density, n=(ρA+ρB)/2 and number density difference, Φ=(ρA-ρB)/2, where ρA and ρB stand for the density of fluid A and fluid B, respectively The parameter n is proportional to pressure and approximately ... analytical (Rathjen & Jiji, 1971) and numerical (LB) (Jiaung et al., 2001; Lin & Chen, 1997) solutions are available in the 140 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools literature is now presented ... of (a) interface position and (b) isotherm at t  0.25 for the twodimensional solidification problem (Chatterjee, 2010) 141 142 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools by employing a LB model...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... where ρ and μ are density and viscosity, respectively Choice of the velocity scale u s and geometric scale ls depends on the given problem 176 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH ... bubble growth and departure to some extent 170 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Fig Propagation of temperature field 3.4.4 Characteristics of two bubbles growth on and departure ... V and pressure P as sum of 194 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH 20 two functions ˆ V = CV + V, ˆ P = CP + P , where discrete analogues of the functions C V and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... segregated algorithms and pure density-based approach on structured grids Proposed method does not require preconditioners and relaxation 200 26 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH ... Optimizing Methods and Tools following algorithm Let us formulate the Cohonen neural network with three inlet variables presented by the coordinates of available computation nodes x and y, and also ... input Fig Neural network computing structure 202 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools variables are distributed and "move" along the connections of the corresponding input together with...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... 3.8 Synthetic discharge difference and system response for different periods of oscillation 600 240 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools periods: 60 and 120 seconds Fig 3.8b presents the ... vs  ws  t x y (3) 248 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools where S and the subscript, s, denote the free surface elevation and velocity components at the surface, respectively Because ... was computed and applied 2.2 Turbulence closure model There are six turbulence closure models included: constant, parabolic and mixing length eddy viscosity models, and standard, RNG and non-linear...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools 4.3 Helical secondary current and submerged weirs Fig 17 shows a plan view of the simulated 3D flow and comparison of computed and measured secondary ... the weir and show a similar pattern: the contour lines align parallel to the weirs and widen near the tips of the weirs This distribution 268 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools W 2.08 ... channel and the display cross-sections 260 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools The cross-sections in Fig are from upstream (Fig 9a) to downstream (Fig 9k), with the outer bank on the left and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

...  (4) 314 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools where H is the vapour enthalpy, H and hi are the overall and convective heat transfer coefficients, and m is the membrane thermal conductivity ... interface and it is based on convective schemes The volume fraction are bounded between the values and (values that correspond to the two limiting phases) 294 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools ... Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Bubbles and drops were “formed” in the numerical simulations, as shown in Fig 16 However, the sizes of both depend of the numerical mesh used, and, in this sense,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... Optimizing Methods and Tools Hyd entrance length, LH [m] Parallel-plates channels are the most common structure for plate -and- frame modules They are simple, and easy to assemble In plate -and- frame ... Conditions (a) and (b) are gas-water system, (c) and (d) are time-course in the hydrate formation, hydrate slurry and hydrate plug (Tajima et al., 2007) 342 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools ... tube -and- shell heat 322 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools exchanger In most industrial modules, however, the distribution of capillary is far more arbitrary; the capillaries are randomly...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... submerged impinging jets and close-circuit loops have been used and have been important in the improvement of the 354 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools understanding of the corrosion ... porous and rough hydrate particle/film formation and the intermediate case between Cases A and C Hydrate particles and partial hydrate film are formed on bubble surface The film pore and void ... municipal and industrial wastewater, such as landfill leachate, coke plant wastewater, and petrochemical and metallurgical wastewater The accumulation of ammonia in water results in eutrophication and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... transfer between the gas and liquid phases WSA and ISGLR have no moving parts, whereas RPB is rotating at a considerably high speed, and needs a higher cost and maintenance fee, and possibly has a ... equations for primary and secondary phases include the balance of transport, diffusion, heat sources and (optionally) viscous heating: 404 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools     T  ... pole P and electric potential at other pole P+ are specified:    jn , x  P ;   , x  P n (26) 406 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools At the coupled boundary of electrode and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... Optimizing Methods and Tools determined only by their buoyancy and the carrier flow The vertical component of gradient of  may be or may be not taken into account 3.3 Numerical implementation and solver ... the cross profile of vertical component of a velocity and in somewhat may effect the mass flow 410 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools rate in the interelectrode gap There exists several ... 1987 3D turbulence structure and phase distribution measurements in bubbly two-phase flows Int J Multiphase Flow 13, 327–343 420 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools van Wijngaarden L (1976)...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... Function and A can be any scalar field or continuous function The small difference between the equation (10) and the standard equation that uses 90 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools mj/i ... = 1.0 mm/ms and We = 4.5 The time scale is given in milliseconds 93 94 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools From the values of density, relative velocity, droplet diameter and surface ... Optimizing Methods and Tools This wave front begins to form little satellite drops and increases its amplitude until t=1.8x10-3ms There is no substantial growth of these satellite drops and the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... where ρ and μ are density and viscosity, respectively Choice of the velocity scale u s and geometric scale ls depends on the given problem 176 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH ... bubble growth and departure to some extent 170 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Fig Propagation of temperature field 3.4.4 Characteristics of two bubbles growth on and departure ... V and pressure P as sum of 194 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH 20 two functions ˆ V = CV + V, ˆ P = CP + P , where discrete analogues of the functions C V and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... segregated algorithms and pure density-based approach on structured grids Proposed method does not require preconditioners and relaxation 200 26 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH ... Optimizing Methods and Tools following algorithm Let us formulate the Cohonen neural network with three inlet variables presented by the coordinates of available computation nodes x and y, and also ... input Fig Neural network computing structure 202 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools variables are distributed and "move" along the connections of the corresponding input together with...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... 3.8 Synthetic discharge difference and system response for different periods of oscillation 600 240 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools periods: 60 and 120 seconds Fig 3.8b presents the ... vs  ws  t x y (3) 248 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools where S and the subscript, s, denote the free surface elevation and velocity components at the surface, respectively Because ... was computed and applied 2.2 Turbulence closure model There are six turbulence closure models included: constant, parabolic and mixing length eddy viscosity models, and standard, RNG and non-linear...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools 4.3 Helical secondary current and submerged weirs Fig 17 shows a plan view of the simulated 3D flow and comparison of computed and measured secondary ... the weir and show a similar pattern: the contour lines align parallel to the weirs and widen near the tips of the weirs This distribution 268 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools W 2.08 ... channel and the display cross-sections 260 Hydrodynamics – Optimizing Methods and Tools The cross-sections in Fig are from upstream (Fig 9a) to downstream (Fig 9k), with the outer bank on the left and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20