ultra violet light absorbers and optical brighteners

... 23 24 Spatial symmetry and optical activity • Inversion symmetry and physical laws • Inversion symmetry and optical rotation • Inversion symmetry and optical activity in light scattering • Motion-dependent ... scattering • Natural Rayleigh and Raman optical activity • Magnetic Rayleigh and Raman optical activity • Electric Rayleigh and Raman optical activity Symmetry and optical activity 4.1 Introduction ... polarized light In addition to the traditional topic of optical rotation and circular dichroism in the visible and ultraviolet region associated with electronic transitions, the newer topic of optical...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2016, 20:01

... orbital and consists of a heavy-hole band, a light- hole band and a split-off band [3] The upper edge of the valence band is at the À point, the center of k space, where the heavy-hole and light- hole ... Indirect-transition conduction band L6 _1 X6 Direct-transition conduction band Γ6 Γ8 L4 , L5 Γ7 L6 Indirect-transition conduction band Heavy-hole band Light- hole band _2 _3 π/a X7 Split-off band X6 K [111] 2π/a ... etc.) and II–VI compound semiconductors have a band structure similar to that of Fig 3.1 and the direct-transition bandgap On the other hand, for group IV semiconductors such as Si and Ge, and...

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 20:15

... news and other information The third concentration would be in standard lighting sources such as architectural lighting, aerospace and automotive interior lighting, exit signs and emergency lighting, ... in visible light wireless communication using lighting equipment Proposal LED Lighting Equipments First, we design two proposal lighting equipments They are general lighting and downlight Table ... environments there exists intense ambient noise, arising from sunlight, incandescent lighting and uorescent lighting, which induce noise in an optical receiver Infrared wireless communication has an eye...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2013, 16:43

... report on ONE STANDARD and ONE STANDARD ONLY Enter the exact number of the standard: (e.g 60601-1-1) Q6 standard is out of date standard is incomplete standard is too academic standard is too superficial ... concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical ... This first edition of International Standard IEC 60332-2-2, together with IEC 60332-2-1, cancel and replace the third edition of IEC 60332-2, published in 1989, and constitute a technical revision,...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 10:58

... report on ONE STANDARD and ONE STANDARD ONLY Enter the exact number of the standard: (e.g 60601-1-1) Q6 standard is out of date standard is incomplete standard is too academic standard is too superficial ... confirmatory test arrangement and guidance IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications and group safety publications Terms and definitions For the ... This first edition of International Standard IEC 60332-1-1, together with IEC 60332-1-2, cancel and replace the third edition of IEC 60332-1, published in 1993, and constitute a technical revision,...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 10:59

... report on ONE STANDARD and ONE STANDARD ONLY Enter the exact number of the standard: (e.g 60601-1-1) Q6 standard is out of date standard is incomplete standard is too academic standard is too superficial ... concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical ... This first edition of International Standard IEC 60332-1-2, together with IEC 60332-1-1, cancel and replace the third edition of IEC 60332-1, published in 1993, and constitute a technical revision,...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 10:59

... report on ONE STANDARD and ONE STANDARD ONLY Enter the exact number of the standard: (e.g 60601-1-1) Q6 standard is out of date standard is incomplete standard is too academic standard is too superficial ... safety publications and the use of basic safety publications and group safety publications ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps – Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring ... edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the base publication incorporating amendment and the base publication incorporating amendments and Informations supplémentaires...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 10:59

... report on ONE STANDARD and ONE STANDARD ONLY Enter the exact number of the standard: (e.g 60601-1-1) Q6 standard is out of date standard is incomplete standard is too academic standard is too superficial ... This first edition of International Standard IEC 60332-2-1, together with IEC 60332-2-2, cancel and replace the third edition of IEC 60332-2, published in 1989, and constitute a technical revision, ... concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 11:00

... 100Gbps optical path and QoS service 100Gbps optical path and QoS service provisioning between terabit-class LANs provisioning between terabit-class LANs >100Gbps optical 3R 32 Optical RAM for all -optical ... management for optical path provisioning between terabit-class LANs Optical path ISP network A Terabit-class optical LAN Optical path ISP network B Optical path ISP network C Terabit-class optical LAN ... >10Tb/s λ3 λ2 Optical IP Router WDM Optical Burst Switch WDM Optical MPLS Router OXC Full-mesh NW (Centralized Control) WDM 2010〜 Year Year 〜 OADM : Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer OXC : Optical Cross-connect...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 02:20

... effects of size and shape of Si-nc on the incorporation of group-III (B and Al), group-IV (C and Ge) and group-V (N and P) impurities Single-doping has been investigated both in spherical and faceted-like ... generalized gradient approximation using Vanderbilt ultrasoft pseudopotentials [27] for both the determination of the structural and electronic properties and norm-conserving pseudopotential within ... the Si144BBPH100 (with an excess of B: B atoms and P) or the Si144BPPH100-nc (with an excess of P: B and P) and finally, adding simultaneously two B and two P atoms, we obtain the Si143BBPPH100-nc...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:15

... here, and it may be surprising that this light which we call white is very rich in red and orange light (600 to 700 nm) and relatively weak in violet and blue light (400 to 500 nm) We shall revisit ... 25-W incandescent light bulb measured LIGHT AND BLACKBODY EMISSION Intensity 400 500 Figure 1.4.3 600 700 800 Wavelength (nm) 900 1000 Output of an incandescent lamp both at full power and at ... predicts an intense ultraviolet (UV) output, which simply was not observed For any given object, 16 times as much energy observed as red light should be emitted as violet light, and this simply does...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 14:28

... localized states in the band gap due to impurities.22b In light of these assignments, we suggest that the UV emission of nanorod samples in this work might correspond to the band-toband transition The ... and the intensity of this peak increases relative to that of UV emission as the length of nanorods increases A similar PL pattern with two emission maxima, yet at much lower energies of 2.8 and ... 20 nm (medium), and 130 ( 30 nm (long) The strongest PL emission peaks appear at 3.60 eV (344 nm), 3.56 eV (348 nm), 3.55 eV (349 nm) for short (25 ( nm), medium (75 ( 20 nm), and long (130 (...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:08

... improved ultraviolet -light photodetectors and excellent field emitters† Liang Li,*a Yong Zhang,b Xiaosheng Fang,a Tianyou Zhai,a Meiyong Liao,c Xueliang Sun,*b Yasuo Koide,c Yoshio Bandoa and Dmitri ... thermal-activation model and a displacive transition Photoconductive measurements showed that individual WO3 nanowire photodetector was sensitive to the ultraviolet light, and the photoresponse ... under a 375 nmlight ‘‘ON’’ and ‘‘OFF’’ The response and decay times are about s and 20 s, respectively In comparison with individual WO3 nanowire photodetectors (Fig 3f), the response and decay time,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:12

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 11:20

... function, and λ = mΩ The parametric transformation coefficient of acoustic and optical phonon in doped superlattices In order to establish the parametric transformation coefficient of acoustic and optical ... ( cq , cq ) is the r creation operator and annihilation operator of an acoustic (optical) phonon for state have wave vector q The electron-acoustic and optical phonon interaction coefficients ... of the parametric transformation coefficient of acoustic and optical phonons in doped superlattices on concentration of impurities Model and quantum kinetic equation for phonons We use model for...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 11:20

... issues;  future  domestic  demand  in  light of  uncertainty  about  job  prospects,    future  foreign  demand given uncertainty about exchange rates and protectionism, and uncertainty as to how  ... both “right”.  It is simply a fact that the economy does have both a demand side and a supply  side. It is also a fact that policy actions do have both near term and longer term implications.  Thus,  demand  side  stimulus  might  well  ...  Such concerns have been expressed in the various country reviews organized by the Economic and Development  Review Committee of the OECD. Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the Scandinavian countries and a number of  others all seem to be exposed in this regard.  ...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 23:20

... from dark to light adapted state J1-012P Thermo-optically induced monomerization of trimers of the main light harvesting antenna complexes of plants in vivo and in vitro Quantum yield and dependencies ... the structure and function of photosystem I and II P Fromme, H Yu, Y Bukman, D Ni, B Varco-Merth, D Chauhan, C Vanselow, C Jolley, R Fromme and I Grotjohann Department of Chemistry and Biochemsitry, ... J1-007P Light stress-induced one-helix protein of the chlorophyll a/b-binding family associated with photosystem I U B Andersson1,2, M Heddad1 and I Adamska1,2 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:20

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 13:20

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 17:19

... objective and sent back towards the third photodetector (PD3) Appropriate polarizers (P) and 800-nm band-pass filters (F) were placed in front of the photodiodes to block the pump beam and plasma light ... polarizer, F: 800-nm band-pass filter CHOWDHURY et al Ultra- fast laser absorption and ablation dynamics in wide-band-gap dielectrics locate the focal position at the imaging plane and hence also the ... force microscope (AFM) and the data is presented in Fig Each data point is averaged over five measurements and the error bars represent the standard deviation The larger band gap and corresponding...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 09:02