tropical forest conservation act us

... data [0] Primary forest [1] Karst [2] Deciduous forest [3] Degraded forest [4] Bamboo [5] Shrub (b) 363 smoothed data [0] Primary forest [1] Karst [2] Deciduous forest [3] Degraded forest [4] Bamboo ... approaches can be used to map several tropical forest types Forest types were identified using forest physiognomic and forest structural properties and the potential for mapping such forest types ... December 2014 Conclusion Information on tropical forest quality is essential for the effective management of forest resources since regarding the tropical forest as a homogeneous unit may over-...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2017, 22:30

... in ecology, conservation and management of tropical rain forests worldwide There are three crucial interrelated issues that a manager of indigenous forests must address: depletion of forest resources, ... Gautier-Hion examined the phenological behavior of zoochorous versus non-zoochorous species (anemochorous plus autochorous species), reasoning that zoochorous species should be under selection to avoid disperser ... evergreen forest, Gabon (Miquel 1987) 210 Asian evergreen forest, Malaya (Ng 1978) 300 American semi-deciduous forest, Panama (Garwood 1983) 206 43% 16% American tropical forest, Guadeloupe (Rousteau...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 10:20

... for forest conservation and management 17 Characteristics of Tropical Forests 2.1 Characteristics Relevant to Management and Conservation An objective of this book is to present practices for sustainable ... Ecosystems because many ecologists with experience in low latitudes suspected that tropical forests, especially rain forests, were particularly susceptible to disturbance Recovery following activities ... of tropical forests, both commercial and non-market values, that will disappear if tropical forests become extinct To ensure that these values are not lost, we must make sure that tropical forests...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:10

... Chris R Margules* CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; and Tropical Forest Research Centre, Atherton, Queensland, Australia Daniel J Metcalfe* CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Tropical Forest Research Centre, ... Commonwealth of Australia (1986) Tropical Rainforests of North Queensland Their Conservation Significance Australian Heritage Commission Special Australian Heritage Publication Series No Australian ... Scope and Focus for an Integrated Assessment Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra DASETT (1987) Nomination of the Wet Tropical Rainforests of North-east Australia by the Government of Australia...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:11

... in relation to leaf phosphorus content in pioneer versus climax tropical rainforest trees, Oecologia 102 (1995) 120125 [73] Rijkers T., Leaf function in tropical rain forest canopy trees The effects ... Fetcher N., Photosynthetic responses of tropical forest plants to contrasting light environments, in: Mulkey S.S., Chazdon R.L., Smith A.P (Eds.), Tropical forest plant ecophysiology, Chapman and ... mechanical design of tropical rain forest trees, Am J Bot 85 (1998) 266272 [83] Swaine M.D., Whitmore T.C., On the definition of ecological species groups in tropical rainforests, Vegetatio 75...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:22

... granted that species grouping is justified for the modelling of tropical forest dynamics, and shall focus on the methods for grouping species Besides the clustering technique itself, grouping ... characters selected to group species are not adequate, or that the analytical techniques used to group species are not appropriate [29] The classifying techniques used by modellers for tropical forests ... methods used by ecologists and modellers to build species classifications for tropical rainforests taking advantage of the reasons why those previous classifications lacked congruency We will focus...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:22

... globulifera (2-3 y at 15°C) Discussion and Conclusion Seeds of Shorea roxburghii, Hopea odorata, Symphonia globulifera and Simarouba amara are not dormant and, as for many other tropical species (Come, ... of chiiling injury So far, long-term storage methods for recalcitrant seeds of tropical forest vent trees not exist Use of solutions with a References C6me D (1982) Germination In: Croissance et ... Corbineau and C6me, 1988) Dry storage is impossible and wet storage is difficult, because the temperature must be low enough to pre- suitable osmotic pressure to avoid germination and growth or...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... focused on a different application, namely the use of markers to delay the loss of genetic variability in a population of limited size In a previous paper [12] we conclude that a conventional tactic, ... would be cum even for a small nucleus It can be solved using integer mathematical programming techniques, whose computational cost would be feasible in most practical situations but not for simulation ... confirmed that slight improvements in the conventional tactics could have an important impact on the maintenance of genetic variability Thus, OWFS with three markers/chromosome and four alleles/marker...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... “sustainable use” practices or “ethnoconservation” systems, making them ideal partners for modern conservation and development efforts” pages 785-86 [26] The implication is not that all human activity ... farms [102].22 But similar to the reinstatement of previous sustainable land use practices, the development of such new practices that meet conservation s aims are only likely to prove successful ... restoration of previous practices that promoted sustainable resource use will not be successful unless culture bearers can see the point and want to so If turning the clock back to previous ecologically...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:21

... surrounding each diatom frustule This increased particulate organic carbon hydrolysis by bacteria led to faster exposure of the siliceous fraction of diatoms, causing more rapid frustule dissolution ... as “frustules of genera with wide girdle bands (especially Eunotia) usually settle from suspension in girdle view” (McBride, 1988) Microscope slides from a previous study in Nee Soon Swamp Forest ... was again homogenous with no visible sedimentary layers The water content of sediment from Core C was also around 80% Thus, the sediment was dark brown silt with decomposed detritus and occasional...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:35

... the 1970s, with the implementation of the Clean Air Act and effective management of industrialisation and urbanisation, pollution levels, and thus, atmospheric contamination into the stream, began ... modern day This is in spite of the fact that air pollution in Singapore has been carefully controlled and thus, Jungle Falls stream would not be as heavily impacted by acidification as the freshwater ... conditions caused by the impoundment compounded by a rise in atmospheric pollution This peak at 15cm likely corresponds to the mid to late 1960s when Singapore was undergoing rapid industrialisation...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:35

... potentially dangerous to mix HNO3 and H2O2 Thus, based on application notes provided by the manufacturer of the microwave digestion system used – Milestone – of which usage of H2O2 did not exceed 1ml and ... was 14cm in length and extracted from the side of the stream, Core B was 15cm in length, extracted from the middle of the stream and Core C was 17cm long and located just in front of the brick ... There are numerous methods available to determine organic carbon content (for review, see Hesse, 1971) and percentage loss on ignition (%LOI) is used here as it is the most practical and straightforward...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:35

... because tropical rainforests have the greatest structural complexity, species diversity and biomass per unit area among the various natural communities on earth (Wee and Corlett, 1986) BTNR houses ... rainforest in Singapore (plate 4-1; Sharp, 1985) However, much of the forest in this reserve is secondary, having previously been occupied by Chinese gambier farmers, present by the 1830s, used ... under primary forest (Waller, 2001) The underlying geology of the reserve is Bukit Timah Granite with a high quartz content, formed during the Triassic from an intrusion of igneous rocks (Waller,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:35

... at its causes and impacts There is an emphasis on the impacts of acid deposition on freshwater ecosystems as it is directly relevant to this study of the acidification of a tropical forest stream ... thus causing the acidification of river waters Debates regarding the relative importance of land use and acid deposition in causing recent lake acidification has since been highly contentious ... Impacts Acid deposition has adverse impacts on both anthropogenic and natural environments (figure 2-3) Due to the myriad of impacts of acid deposition, this section will only focus on the impacts...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:35

... siliceous outer shell and are thus a popular biological proxy in paleolimnological reconstructions (Mannion, 1982; Korhola, 2007) Diatoms have six characteristics that make them particularly useful: ... carbonaceous particles and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons SCPs are particles produced only during the incomplete high-temperature combustion of fossil-fuels and thus serve as an unambiguous indicator ... their usage as paleolimnological acidification indicators (Henrikson et al, 1982) 3.6.3 Magnetics Particulate emissions from industrial processes such as iron and steel manufacture and non-ferrous...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:35

... as Southeast Asia (SEA) continues to industrialise, this issue is rising in importance Acidification brings with it a myriad of impacts, related not just to a direct lowering of pH levels in ... The acidification of BTNR is already suspected as a cause for the decline of Johora Singaporensis, an endemic freshwater crab species which lives within the forest streams As such, in 2005, a stream-water ... study Following that, in chapter two, the issue of acid deposition is discussed, looking at its history, causes and impacts It concludes by examining future trends of acid deposition in Asia It...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:35

... [4] Results and discussion 3.1 Mekong wetland forests in practice and threats The 280,000 of forest in the MD can be split in two distinctive, typical eco -forest wetlands using the Food and Agriculture ... the formulation of a multi-level conservation action plan for forest wetlands in the MD, using the guidelines in the Ramsar Convention [3] and the Biodiversity Action Plan for Vietnam as boundary ... problems with respect to the multi-level conservation of forest wetlands Using international and national criteria, forest wetlands were ranked according to their conservation priority The output of...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2013, 22:15

... were recorded, including current land use, previous land use, stand age, and plantation vs natural forest Within each forested plot, trees were sampled from a cluster of five or more points Trees ... eastern US forests, because it uses observed changes, which reflect the sum of all processes However prior knowledge suggests that humans are by far the most important agent of change in US forests ... Biology, 10, 1737–1755 CHANGES IN US BIOGENIC VOC EMISSIONS 1980S –1990S with previous estimates for the region and period, which used genus-level emission factors in combination with some satellite...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 08:20

... natural resources management The areas managed by the DNR within the State Forest System are largely noncontiguous tracts of forest that are scattered throughout the landscapes of the Northern Lower ... standards for use in 2006 The version that was posted in early 2006 had a date of February 10, 2005 on the cover page This of course caused confusion and led stakeholders to conclude that SCS used the ... that they are not taking actions outside the scope of the certificate If such actions are taking place within the certified forest SCS should take measures to exclude such actions or lands from...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 21:20

...  Chatham  House  Rule Note  on  terminology The  term   forest  preservation”  is  used  throughout  this   sustain  forests: forest  enhancement,  avoided  deforestation,   avoided forest  degradation, ... friendly  livelihoods  and  land  uses  Such  activities  often   activities  So  actors  in forest  countries  that  want  to  adopt   more  sustainable  land  uses  and  access  the  associated ...  a forest  bond   -­ tions  to forest- ­friendly  projects  or  activities  carried  out  by   14 for forest  preservation,  making  the  investment  proposition   more  attractive  How  exactly...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 04:21