transgenic animals as pharmacological tools

... because these animals serve as sentinels of environmental contaminants and as models for studying neoplasia and basic mechanisms in oncology Despite the obvious advantages of monitoring animals that ... RISK ASSESSMENT The assessment of risk due to environmental contaminants depends, to a large extent, on scientific data When such data are incomplete, as is often the case, assumptions based ... frequency and pattern of disease and evaluate associations with environmental exposures by such techniques as spatial mapping Clusters of unusual health events, such as a new disease or an epidemic, might...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 11:20

... Reniassance, Basic Interpretations, Lexington, Mass., Toronto, London, 1974, 200214, esp 200 The reference is to Jacob Burckhardt, Die Kultur der Renaissance in Italien, Basel, 1860; translated as ... changing fashions as indicators of profound psychological changes is particularly relevant here There are many cases where artistic form has undergone change while content, or so it appears, has not ... other sources, such as the Latin Libellus de natura animalium and a provenỗal version, De las propriotas de la animan as, generally called the Bestiario valdese The latter has been found to be...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 20:44

... searches were performed using the BLAST algorithm at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (National Center for Biotechnology Information), with programs blastn, tblastn and tblastx New primers were redefined ... during 16 weeks For embryo size measurements, 16 seeds per mother tree were rehydrated and sterilized as described in Raquin et al [19], and embryo length was measured under a Wild M5 stereomicroscope ... of common ash by narrowleaved ash, for example in the context of global change Acknowledgements: We thank Céline Devaux, MarieElise Morand-Prieur, Jacqui Shykoff, Carol Baskin, Marc Masimbert and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... survival rate of 50% despite therapy [4,5] As therapeutic intervention implemented at an earlier phase might modify the disease course in SScPAH, new tools that assess PAH in patients with SSc are warranted[6] ... before PAH was diagnosed[2,13] However, TLCO has not been established yet as a marker for SScPAH It remains to be elucidated how interstitial lung disease influences TLCO in these patients as severe ... interstitial lung disease (defined by VC

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... cut-off values for outcome associations The optimal cut-off was defined as the value associated with the highest sum of sensitivity and specificity (Youden’s index) Analysis was performed using SEM ... presented as means ± SD BE, base excess; SaO2, arterial saturation of oxygen; T, time substitution protocol, we found that crystalloid restriction (6 vs 12 mL kg-1h-1) was associated with increased ... of coronary artery disease Perioperative management was similar in all patients except for the basal rate of intraoperative crystalloids Data collection and outcome measures Preoperatively, patients...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 21:21

... (Patil, Singh, Sarasour, et al., 1995) The radial spread of SLS can elicit increased TEWL and decreased skin capacitance in areas adjacent to the application sites, as far as approximately 0.75cm ... towards a TH2 bias at play in atopic diseases The STAT6VT transgenic mice spontaneously develop skin inflammation and have abnormalities in EDC genes as well as abnormal barrier function As a result, ... temperature was given time to acclimate to the skin temperature (approximately 20 s) The change in TEWL for each mouse was compared to each individual mouse’s baseline value and the fold increase was plotted...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:37

... [21], as well as pharmacological studies such as those shown in (B) In slices, an a7* nAChR on adjacent glutamate terminals was found to indirectly influence dopamine release via the release of ... caused an increase in potency as arise primarily from a3b2 and a3b4 nAChRs Activity on well as a shift in selectivity: while PnIA inhibited an a-BTXa7 nAChRs was excluded for two reasons: (a) EpI ... Parkinson’s disease Thus, nAChRs modulating the dopamine release gain increasing interest as drug targets, and identification of the nAChR subtypes involved is crucial for the development of pharmacological...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... Moreover, as the triple helix was not stable in the absence of intercalator, it was possible to switch easily from conditions where the triple helix was very stable to conditions where it was totally ... two plasmids was used to estimate the specificity This ratio increased from to when the stem length of a TC TFO increased from to 10 bp and from to 14 when the stem length of a TG TFO increased ... plasmid was dephosphorylated by adding shrimp alcaline phosphatase (USB, 5350 Cleveland, OH, USA) (1 U for XmnI, 12 U for DraIII, 2.5 U for XbaI) and incubating for h at 37 °C Phosphatase was...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 03:20

... next 10-15 years As the internet is growing explosively, English is instrumental in keeping us on par with it It is emerging as a first rank language as it has affected all aspects of human society ... 5.17 The Improvement Task 5.17.1 The Task - 5.17.2 Task Demands -5.17.3 Task Discussion and Analysis ... The L1 Task - 5.14.2 Task Demands - 5.14.3 L1 Task: Discussion and Analysis - 5.15 Procedure Used for Teaching Writing: the Three Phases...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 19:20

... Calibration plot of 125 psi transducer 2.1.2 Gas permeability measurement The gas permeability was measured, and the Klinkenberg effect (gas slippage) was considered to estimate the equivalent liquid ... tube was then measured The apparatus used in the measurement of gas permeability is shown in Figure 2-6 Nitrogen (N2) was the gas used in this experiment The inlet and outlet pressures were measured ... controlled-release behavior in aqueous media The dye release was found to exhibit two types of behavior: rapid release of dye immobilized in the meso- and macropores via diffusion, and slow, steady release...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 22:20

... association with lupus disease activity indices or other clinical features was determined High IFN scores were positively associated with increased disease activity as indicated by the SLEDAI ... traditional measures of lupus nephritis activity was evaluated by Bauer and colleagues [25] Thirty patients were classified as having high or low IFN gene scores (15 patients each) and the association ... While lymphopenia was associated significantly with anti-Ro (SS-A) and, secondarily, with anti-single-stranded DNA, lupus nephritis was inversely associated with anti-La (SS-B) and associated with...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... models, a new class of anti-asthma drug (the leukotriene antagonists) has been introduced clinically [7] and clinical trials are in progress with another drug class, the phosphodiesterase (PDE4) inhibitors ... feature of other human diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer review The mainstay of treatment for asthma includes bronchodilators such as β2-adrenoceptor agonists and glucocorticosteroids; ... airway disease As with other animal models, murine models of allergic inflammation show many of the characteristic features of the clinical disease Thus, allergic mice undergo early and late ‘asthmatic’...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... as were males in the controls The selection phase of the experiment was continued for 12 generations, but no selection was practised in generation A preliminary study showed that wk of age was ... decreased with age, as was the case between the index lines HH and LL, most notably at generation 13; these results could be expected if high testis weight lines matured earlier In contrast, ... generation 11, and chemical analysis of the whole minced carcass was undertaken on the mice of generation 13 Statistical analysis The experiment was basically a partial block design, with each block comprising...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:20

... lutea as an estimate of ovulation rate and the number of live foetuses were counted, and prenatal mortality calculated as their ratio (ie assuming all ova were fertilized) Statistical analysis was ... but the HL-LH difference was positive for ovulation rate and negative for litter size There was no obvious pattern in prenatal survival (table III) Insofar as any trend was detectable in numbers ... (Hill et al, 1990) it was shown that and testis a selection for increased testis size in immature animals led to a small reduction weight This result, coupled with the increased litter size, suggests...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:20

... four major ideas, or reasoning processes, in their study of mathematics content Blocks are explicitly named as tools for developing mathematical reasoning within these four ideas Children in ... content domains such as numeracy, literacy, art, history, and science Blocks as Mathematical Reasoning Tools While the preceding examples provide a historical perspective for blocks as resources for ... spaces As they develop spatial capacity through experiences with tools such as blocks, they match 3-D shapes, name common geometric shapes, use relational language, categorize shapes based on...

Ngày tải lên: 10/06/2016, 15:28

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2012, 17:20

... global assembly cache Here’s an example: gacutil /i c.dll ILAsm.exe: MSIL assembler Creates MSIL modules and assemblies directly from an MSIL textual representation ILDasm.exe: MSIL disassembler ... Disassembles modules and assemblies The default is to display a treestyle representation, but you can also specify an output file Here are some examples: ildasm b.dll ildasm b.dll /out=b.asm ... verifier Verifies that your compiler has generated type-safe MSIL C# will always generate type-safe MSIL Useful interop with ILASM-based programs Essential NET Tools | 159 ,ch05.24722 Page 160 Wednesday,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/08/2012, 12:06

... Chapter I/O Streams as an Introduction to Objects and Classes Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Overview 6.1 Streams and Basic File I/O 6.2 Tools for Stream ... Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Slide 6- 22 Classes  A type whose variables are objects, is a class  ifstream is the type of the in_stream variable (object)  ifstream is a class  The class ... forget as long as your program ends normally Display 6.1 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Slide 6- 19 Objects  An object is a variable that has functions...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 22:49

... tin /etc/passwd: Là sở liệu tài khoản người dùng Linux dạng tập tin văn - Cấu trúc file /etc/passwd - Xem file /etc/passwd : cat /etc/passwd ………………  Quan sát thành phần file /etc/passwd 2/ Tập ... userc /etc/passwd: - Kiểm tra userc /etc/group : 2/ Thay đổi passwd người dùng: - Thay đổi password cho tài khoản root : - Tương tự thay đổi password cho usera, userb,userc (lấy password trùng ... /etc/group: …………………… - Đặt password cho usera: - Kiểm tra usera file /etc/shadow: cat /etc/shadow usera active password mã hoá  Chú ý: - Khi user, ta không thay đổi password cho user đó, user...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2012, 10:21