transfection infection and detection of viral p24 capsid antigen

... anti-Flag antibody from Sigma and the rabbit anti-hScrib (H-300) antibody from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc Transfection, infection, and detection of viral p24 capsid antigen Transfection experiments ... lack of detection of the ASP protein First of all, antisense retroviral proteins are poorly expressed in vivo [8,20] Levels of antisense transcripts can be 30 to 1000 folds lower than that of sense ... viral genome into cells In the case of infection, integration of retroviral DNA into the host genome is an obligatory step for viral protein expression Depending on the chromosomal location of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:21

... for viral analysis can be divided into viral chips and host chips, and each can be applied not only to detection and identification but also to the monitoring of viral populations In 1999, we and ... uncoordinated and mainly confined to studies in vitro A collection of such infection profiles, an Infection Profile Database, for example, needs to be put together that sets out standards and requirements ... also be constructed for the detection and identification of viruses Viral antigens can be arrayed and used to detect serum antibodies, or antibodies can be arrayed and used to detect pathogens...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... activity in both human and mouse skin [16,19] These studies have provided new insight into the substrate specificity of Tgases and have expanded the range of application of the enzyme reaction ... localization of activated TGase 3, which was found to display a pattern distinct from that of TGase 1, was observed by the detection of in situ activities using this peptide Results Screening of candidate ... interaction of E51 with the enzyme to form an intermediate between the glutamine residue in the substrate and the cysteine residue in the active site pocket of TGase Assessment of reactivity and specificity...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 21:20

... targeting on viral mRNA Targeting viral mRNA is one of the most active areas of research and development Several strategies have emerged over the years and are being tested pre-clinically and clinically ... specific viral mRNA targets AS-ONs inhibit viral protein production by both blocking viral mRNA translation and triggering its degradation Since the discovery of viral inhibition effect of AS-ONs ... Biochemical Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... phylogenies and tracing of evolutionary pathways Furthermore, comparison of multiple representatives of homologous viral proteins can be of importance for understanding the protein structure and function ... review, the utility of CODEHOP-mediated PCR for the identification of novel viruses and the characterization of new viral genes and genomic regions is presented While the focus of this study was ... novel viral genomes Often the linear order of genes within the genomes of related viruses is maintained Thus, the spacing and orientation of specific genes can be predicted in the genomes of Page...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... targeting on viral mRNA Targeting viral mRNA is one of the most active areas of research and development Several strategies have emerged over the years and are being tested pre-clinically and clinically ... specific viral mRNA targets AS-ONs inhibit viral protein production by both blocking viral mRNA translation and triggering its degradation Since the discovery of viral inhibition effect of AS-ONs ... Biochemical Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... for isoform 02C01 and comprises 17% of all fragment IIIvariants, while peptides IIIb and Xb are unique for 01B01 and comprise 1819% of all fragment III and X-variants The isoforms 02A01 and 02B01 ... presence and relative abundances of individual isoforms The pollen of four birch species contained a mixture of Bet v isoforms, with abundant levels of isoforms that were similar to isoforms with ... C-terminus of Arginine and Lysine Fig shows an example of the fragments I to XVII that are theoretically formed after tryptic digestion of isoforms from the subfamilies 01 to 05 Isoforms of different...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... potential of comparative and evolutionary genomics of the NCLDV increase A pre-requisite of an informative comparative-genomic study of any group of organisms is an accurate delineation of the sets of ... repertoires of ancestral viruses and gene loss and gain events during the evolution of the NCLDV using the maximum-likelihood approach developed by Csuros and Miklos [37] Using a likelihood cutoff of ... of humans and other mammals These viruses infect animals and diverse unicellular eukaryotes, and replicate either exclusively in the cytoplasm of the host cells, or possess both cytoplasmic and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:21

... HIV and HTLV are also primarily to the envelope proteins (HIV-gp120, HTLV-gp46), transmembrane proteins (HIV-gp41, HTLV-gp21), and core proteins of capsid and matrix (HIV -p24 and p17, HTLVp24 and ... 1st Infection 200 2nd Infection 250 300 immunization Days post Infection Figure Time course of XMRV-specific antibodies in macaques Detection of XMRV-specific antibodies in RIl-10, RYh-10 and ... (337-696 PI) Viral infection was also confirmed by PCR amplification of proviral DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymph node tissue However, the time course and titers of these specific...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... cellular factors targeting viral entry, viral uncoating, viral DNA synthesis, intracellular trafficking of viral nucleic acids, integration, viral gene expression or viral packaging [41] TERT-2 ... min, 95°C, min, and 95°C, 15s and 60°C, 30s, for 50 cycles 50°C, min, 95°C, min, and 95°C, 15s and 60°C, 30s, for 50 cycles 95°C, and 95°C, s, 54°C, 10 s, 72°C, s for 40 cycles 95°C, and 95°C, 10 ... signs of SIV infection appear in the gut, followed by viremia and simian AIDS Hence, the pathogenesis of SIV -infection in primates is consistent with the possibility that clinical exposures of HIV-1...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... line and detection of antibodies to the antigen in human sera Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1981, 78:6476-6480 Poiesz BJ, Ruscetti FW, Gazdar AF, Bunn PA, Minna JD, Gallo RC: Detection and isolation of ... Jacobson S: Detection of virus-specific T cells and CD8+ T-cell epitopes by acquisition of peptide-HLA-GFP complexes: analysis of T-cell phenotype and function in chronic viral infections Nat Med ... SCTs of rat MHC Class I, we have developed an activation and detection system of HTLV-I Tax-specific CTLs which can be applicable for analyzing CTL responses in a rat model system of HTLV-I infection...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... levels of infection that rely on successful completion of viral replication steps downstream of fusion may underestimate the efficacy of fusion [33,34] Novel techniques monitoring the delivery of viral ... functional domains of viral fusion proteins from immune surveillance and/ or ensure the release of the viral genome at preferred cellular sites A generalized mechanism of viral fusion In spite of structural ... sorting, and towards identifying the preferred sites of virus entry [44-47] Time-resolved imaging of viral lipid and content redistribution permitted visualization of intermediate steps of fusion...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... methylation of HIV-1 Rev by PRMT6 represents a type of host defense mechanism that can limit rates of viral replication? Reduced binding of Rev to RRE and diminished export rates of unspliced and partially ... 6% of control and R35K was not detectable The R39A and R39K substitutions resulted in band intensities that were either undetectable or 3% of wild-type, respectively Methylation of the R38A and ... methylation of Rev by PRMT6 in vitro A, Sequences of recombinant histidine-tagged Tat86 and Rev Both sequences are chimeric and consist of BH10 (amino acids 2–66 and 2–15, respectively) and HXB2...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... (gene), mean and standard deviation of the unnormalised log ratio (M and SD), mean and standard deviation of the LOESS normalised log ratio (M LOESS and SD LOESS) and the number of methods in ... id (gene), mean and standard deviation of the unnormalised log ratio (M and SD), mean and standard deviation of the LOESS normalised log ratio (M LOESS and SD LOESS), the number of methods in which ... simulation software Array number of grid rows Array number of grid columns Number of spots in a grid row Number of spots in a grid column Number of spot pins Number of technical replicates Number of genes...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... Structures and molecular weights of soyasapogenol B, C and B1 98 Fig 28 LC-MS Chromatogram of standard and purified sample of soyasapogenol B Panels (A and C) are authentic standard and samples of ... 79 6.2.1.5 HPLC Analysis of Soyasaponins and Soy isoflavones 79 6.2.1.6 LC/MS Analysis of Total soyasaponins and Soy isoflavones 79 6.2.2 Comparison of Soyasaponin Concentration Methods ... recovery of soyasapogenols A and B without producing artifacts (Ireland and Dziedzic 1986; Rupasinghe, Jackson et al 2003) Moreover, Ireland and Dziedzic (Ireland and Dziedzic 1986) showed that...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:06

... decomposition and reconstruction process, we still need to understand the nature of the frequency bandwidth of decomposed and reconstructed signals Table 3.1 shows the frequency bandwidths of decomposed and ... coefficients and 93 separated segments of human motion patterns in 12 the acceleration signals 4.20 44 pairs of Pa and Pv for ascending and descending stairs 96 and 66 pairs of Pa and Pv for level ... mean and one side standard deviation of positive peak 122-124 and negative peak angular rates of gyroscope sensors at position FW, S and RU Both positive and negative peak angular rates of fall...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 18:27

... fi center frequency of i subband bi bandwidth of i subband α logarithmic growth factor C bandwidth of first filter lm lower edge of m th filter bank hm upper edge of m th filter bank St ( m ) ... Kyi Tar Nwe and other family members for their support, understanding and encouragement i Table of Contents Acknowledgements i Table of Contents ii Summary vi List of Symbols viii List of Figures ... Motivation of This Research 1.5 System Overview 1.6 Purpose and Contribution of This Thesis 10 1.7 Organization of Thesis 11 Chapter 2: Review of Acoustic Characteristics and Classification Systems of...

Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2015, 22:03

... species can be used to predict the origin of sequences Focus is on the viral sequences Implement software tools for the purpose of prediction of viral and allergen sequences CHAPTER INTRODUCTION ... generalization of codon usage properties of viral sequences VIPR is able to predict the potential viral origin of sequences longer than 100 residues with sensitivity varying between ~70% and ~85%, and specificity ... CF of a codon is the total frequency of the codon over the total frequency of all codons (Eq 5) The term codon usage is of biological significance only to codons in coding genes and thus of little...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 13:49

... 2.3.1.Impactofgrowthstageofmaizeplantsoninfection 19 2.3.2.Impactofsporeconcentrationontheinfectionofmaizeleaves 21 2.3.3.Effectoflightregimesoninfectionofmaizeleaves 24 2.3.4.EffectofinoculationsiteonFusariuminfectionandsymptommanifestation ... Lawrence(1981)demonstratedthatF.verticillioideshyphaeenteredthroughthexylem ofleafandstemtissues.TheinfectionoffloralorgansofwheatbyF.graminearumhave also been reported, and infection began with the formation of foot structures, lobate appressoriaandinfectioncushions(BoenischandSchọfer,2011).Ontheotherhand,F. ... (1)Fp:F.proliferatumisolateAG31gandFv:F.verticillioidesisolateAG11i. 23 FactorsaffectinginfectionofFusarium 2.3.3.Effectoflightregimesoninfectionofmaizeleaves TherewasnoeffectoflightontheinfectionofmaizecultivarsbyFusariumspecies(P>...

Ngày tải lên: 19/11/2015, 16:47