transfecting neurons by nuclear injection

... catalyzed by an endogenous nuclear transglutaminase Occurrence of transglutaminase in sperm chromatin We next examined whether nuclear transglutaminase is present in the chromatin fraction by carrying ... the fractions were analyzed, by electrophoresis, on a 2% agarose gel, followed by staining with ethidium bromide The proteins precipitated from each 2.2-mL fraction, by adding 2.8 mL of 10% (w/w) ... glutaminyl substrate for endogenous nuclear transglutaminase in histone H2B To investigate the issue of whether histone H2B in the nucleosome was modified by endogenous nuclear transglutaminase, DCA-labeled...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20

... 6.9 Myo1C 15 mins 5.4 (r) Suppression of nuclear myosin expression by short interference RNAs (siRNAs) Figure Suppression of nuclear myosin expression by short interference RNAs (siRNAs) Normal ... toward the nuclear periphery, and small chromosomes toward the nuclear interior These results also confirm the data previously presented, whereby small chromosomes 13 and 18 had differential nuclear ... may be elicited through a nuclear motor such as the actin/myosin motorcomplex, containing nuclear actin and nuclear myosin I, previously shown to be involved in intranuclear movements of chromatin...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:21

... practical for the queries utilized by the website pages The tables are separated by major characteristics and generally all fields of a given table are utilized by a given query This enables a single ... future Figure Structure of NFI-Regulome database grouped by relationships created by the data Currently these relationships are controlled by the application layer but in the future will be defined ... [23] This functionality is currently provided by the software layer of the NFI-Regulome database and by taking advantage of the features provided by the underlying database we define these constraints...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:22

... induction of human SULT1A3 by nuclear receptors has not been well studied Thus, in this study, we systematically examined the induction of human SULT1A3 genes by a whole range of nuclear receptor ligands ... (GSTs), can be regulated by ligands that bind nuclear receptors For human SULT genes, the regulation of human SULT2A1 expression is currently the best characterized Many nuclear receptors such ... Induction of SULT1A3 by ligands of GR and AhR 61 4.3 Regulation of SULT1A3 by glucocorticoids via GR .63 4.4 Regulation of SULT1A3 via AhR 65 4.5 Effects of other nuclear receptor...

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2015, 22:37

... saline) or SEC1 for EMSA Except for the free probe control, nuclear proteins (10 lg) were used Specificity was determined by competition of the nuclear protein obtained from the cells treated with ngÆmL)1 ... pyrogenicity via NADPH oxidase C.-L Su et al nuclear translocation (Fig 2C, lanes 5–7) The DNAbinding activity of NF-jB induced by SEC1 was completely blocked by 1000 lm of PDTC (Fig 2D, lane 7) or ... febrile response induced by SEC1 is dependent on NADPH oxidase and not on PI3K ⁄ Akt or 5-LOX ⁄ 3640 FLAP because these phenomena are attenuated by apocynin and not by ETYA, MK 886, Wort or HIMO...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... antibiotics not inhibit nuclear splicing by binding to factor(s) of the nuclear extract The same experiment using erythromycin showed the opposite effect Splicing inhibition was increased by 90% after preincubation ... inhibition by tetracycline is negligible (Fig 2) The sixfold stronger splicing inhibition by Cl-tetracycline may be explained by the additional size and hydrophobicity introduced by the substitution, ... splicing, as indicated by a reduction in excised lariat RNA by 9% only (lane 3) The other three antibiotics, Cl-tetracycline, streptomycin and erythromycin, are clearly inhibitors of nuclear pre-mRNA...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... Inhibition of CaMKII activity by KN-62 (25 lm) completely reduced the inhibition by ATP The inhibition of LXF-289 cell proliferation by 100 lm ATP was totally attenuated by blockers of either ERK-activating ... known to inhibit the growth of various tumors by activating specific P2 receptors Inhibition of cancer growth by adenine nucleotides was first described by Rapaport [7] In vitro extracellular nucleotides ... of activated ERK1 ⁄ into the nuclear fraction was induced by ATP The translocation was maximal at 10 and declined thereafter, with no active ERK1 ⁄ detectable in the nuclear fraction after 60 (Fig...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... may contribute to database of isomeric ratio of nuclear reaction Acknowledgements: This work is supported by the Science Research Program provided by Vietnam National University, Hanoi QG-04-02 ... for experimental determination of yields and isomeric ratios in photonuclear reaction measured by the activation technique, Nuclear instruments and methods, NorthHolland, A 356(1995), pp 390-396 ... )e−λm t2 (1 − e−λm t3 )Cm (2.3) Determining the isomeric ratio of nuclear reaction 53 Similarly, the area of spectral peaks caused by the disintegration of nuclei Sg =Ng =fg g N0 φ0 Pm,g γ +fg g...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 13:20

... may contribute to database of isomeric ratio of nuclear reaction Acknowledgements: This work is supported by the Science Research Program provided by Vietnam National University, Hanoi QG-04-02 ... for experimental determination of yields and isomeric ratios in photonuclear reaction measured by the activation technique, Nuclear instruments and methods, NorthHolland, A 356(1995), pp 390-396 ... )e−λm t2 (1 − e−λm t3 )Cm (2.3) Determining the isomeric ratio of nuclear reaction 53 Similarly, the area of spectral peaks caused by the disintegration of nuclei Sg =Ng =fg g N0 φ0 Pm,g γ +fg g...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 13:20

... exert cytotoxic effects by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by Fenton-like reactions and ⁄ or during intracellular reduction of V(V) to V(IV), mainly by NADPH, that contribute ... and 72 h following serum stimulation and analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis Preparation of cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts Cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts were prepared as previously described ... In contrast, the precursor form of nCLU [pre -nuclear CLU (pnCLU),  49 kDa] is translated from an alternatively spliced truncated CLU transcript that bypasses the ER signal peptide and remains...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 02:20

... and types of the culture substrate have an effect on the intensity of nuclear NF-jB observed, a population time lapse study of nuclear NF-jB translocation following cell stimulation with ngặmL)1 ... of NF-jB nuclear translocation (A,B) Doseresponse data from A549 stimulated with IL-1a and xed with formaldehyde (A) and MeOH EtOH PEG (B) (data unpublished) (CE) Cell images showing nuclear ... tracking of individual cells over time [40] Having previously shown by sensitivity analysis [37,41] that the oscillatory behavior of nuclear NF-jB is tightly coupled to just two participating species,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:20

... were collected on glass slides by centrifugation (850 g for at °C) and stained with Wright±Giemsa solutions (E Merck) Ó FEBS 2002 Acceleration of nuclear lobulation by Lyn (Eur J Biochem 269) 383 ... cytokine (j) Viable cells were counted by trypan blue staining under a microscope (A) GM-I62M; (B) GM-Lyn; (C) GM-LynKN Ó FEBS 2002 Acceleration of nuclear lobulation by Lyn (Eur J Biochem 269) 385 ... G-CSF-induced nuclear lobulation, G-CSF-dependent signaling for nuclear lobulation was affected in these cells Therefore, tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins was examined by immunoblot...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... however, is not controlled by NF-jB-dependent mechanisms Thus, our findings that the secretion of TNFa, IL-6 and MCP-1 by THP-1 macrophages were all strongly downregulated by CRLPs, whereas TGFb release ... suppressed by CMR in macrophages and that cytokine expression is modified by the particles in a manner that correlates with NF-jB dependency Our findings contrast with those of one previous study by Okumura ... as determined by DNA binding, and this effect was clearly modulated by their fatty acid composition, with fish CRLPs causing the strongest inhibition ()94% after 24 h) followed by corn CRLPs ()70%),...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... targeting of LRH-1 into nuclear bodies that is inhibited by cAMP signaling Because the ovary expresses LRH-1, we further examined the effect of sumoylation site mutation on the nuclear localization ... decreased by four-fold after forskolin treatment (Fig 7C) In addition, forskolin caused a marked reduction in the mRNA levels of two SUMO E3 ligases: PIAS3 (by approximately 90%) and PIASxb (by 50%) ... modulate LRH-1 activity by keeping LRH-1 away from transcriptionally inert subnuclear locations to stimulate the expression of steroidogenic genes The modification of proteins by SUMO is a highly...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... repression by the thyroid hormone receptor mediated by a nuclear receptor co-repressor Nature 377, 397–404 16 Chen, J.D & Evans, R.M (1995) A transcriptional co-repressor that interacts with nuclear ... Molecular determinants of nuclear receptor–corepressor interaction Genes Dev 13, 3198–3208 19 Hu, X & Lazar, M.A (1999) The CoRNR motif controls the recruitment of corepressors by nuclear hormone receptors ... changes were detected upon ligand binding or CoR peptide binding (+15 to +17) by MS Indeed, it has been proposed by Witkowska et al [23], that ESI-MS might also be useful for revealing structural...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... detected by Western blotting with anti-ANX-1 monoclonal antibody Ó FEBS 2003 PMA-induced nuclear translocation of annexin A1 (Eur J Biochem 270) 4091 Fig ANX-1 accumulates in the nucleus by PMA ... and nuclear fractions As shown in Fig 3A, the cleaved ANX-1 was detected in the nuclear fraction of PMA-treated cells and the amount of the intact ANX-1 level was not changed between the nuclear ... into cytosolic and nuclear fractions, then samples were resolved by 12% SDS/polyacrylamide gels and transferred to nitrocellulose membrane Translocation of ANX-1 was detected by Western blotting...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:20

... of nuclear import signal on NF-AT4 by casein kinase I and MEKK1 Cell 93, 851–861 42 Chow, C.W., Rincon, M., Cavanagh, J., Dickens, M & Davis, R.J (1997) Nuclear accumulation of NFAT4 opposed by ... by either removing the stimulus or treating cells with a calcineurin inhibitor such as CsA, whereby it is translocated back to the cytoplasm [19,39] While NFAT dephosphorylation is mediated by ... L.P (1995) Transcriptional repression of the interleukin-2 gene by vitamine D3: direct inhibtion of NFATp/AP-1 complex formation by nuclear hormone receptor Mol Cell Biol 15, 5789–5799 Takeuchi,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:21

... can be visualized in living cells by the binding of green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged versions of steroid receptors or associated Nuclear receptor regulation by chromatin factors [38] This system ... government works 2215 Nuclear receptor regulation by chromatin M Wiench et al Fig Dynamics of chromatin structures at inducible genes (A) Inducible genes are regulated by a ‘covered’ class of ... (i.e SW-13) transactivation by GR is weak and can be selectively enhanced by the ectopic expression of either BRG1 or BRM [102] However, it cannot be substituted by the activity of ISWI or Mi-2...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 22:21

... binding was enhanced by IjBa expression and inhibited by IjBa knockdown (Fig 2D) This result indicates that IjBa positively regulates the p300 recruitment by HIF-1a HIF-1 derepression by IjBa occurs ... resynthesized by NF-jB activated by TNF-a [22] Likewise, both HIF-1a CAD inactivation by TNF-a and Asn803 hydroxylation showed a similar time course (Fig 6A) Therefore, HIF-1a inactivation by IjBa ... were analyzed by semiquantitative RT-PCR and autoradiography dehydrogenase-A In 1% oxygen, the hypoxic expression of these genes was regulated positively by IjBa but negatively by FIH (Fig 4C)...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 23:20