toxicity and resulting behavioral changes in response to pharmacological probes

... al Introduction Ovarian and hormonal changes resulting in ovulation following introduction of males to previously isolated females have been described for several species, including small ruminants ... 1999) In ewes, the ram effect has been extensively used to induce out-of-season estrus in order to obtain births during autumn (Martin et al 1986) Introducing rams to previously isolated ewes induces ... determines changes in endocrine and follicular profiles, estrous onset, ovulation and pregnancy rates A second objective was to characterize the ovarian response and the endocrine profiles in MAP-primed...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:21

... influences than the implemented intervention, including a change in the instructional system and treatment of PTSD, may have led to a decline in violence as well as to a decline in PTSD symptoms ... translators were trained before both assessments and the interviewers had standardized the form of assessment by practicing in joint interviews to achieve a high interrater reliability All instruments ... From theory to practice: Increasing effective parenting through role-play: The Oregon model of parent management training (PMTO) In Handbook of mental health interventions in children and adolescents:...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:22

... MAPK inhibitor, Tocris, USA), PD98059 (MAPKK/MEK inhibitor, Tocris, USA), UO126 (MEK-1/MEK-2 inhibitor, Tocris, USA), SP600126 (c-Jun N-Terminal kinase inhibitor, Sigma, USA) and PTDC (NF-B inhibitor, ... by LPS Another interesting finding of our study is related to the production of important signaling molecules, cytokines and chemokines by pericytes Of 23 cytokines and chemokines that we studied, ... concentration induced significant changes in production of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines from brain pericytes Values of cytokine production represent the mean ± SEM of two independent...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... modulates physiological responses in guard cells, leading to the possibility of engineering stomatal conductance in grapevine, reducing water loss and helping this species to tolerate drought under ... stomatal opening and enhanced tolerance to dehydration [10] Guard cell-specific MYB genes are thus focal points in understanding stomatal regulation in plants and represent molecular targets to ... analysis of GUS expression in pVvMYB60:GUS leaves in response to ABA (H) GUS staining of stomata in a control leaf (I), GUS staining of stomata following hours of exposure to 100 μM ABA Galbiati...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... combined and yielded nucleosolic proteins The remaining pellet contains all DNA and structure bound proteins and is further referred to as chromatin-fraction Electrophoresis of proteins and Western ... strong incorporation of [3H]Thd into growing daughter strands occurs, preferentially sedimenting in the first third of the gradient and attributable to short chains originating from newly initiated ... BrdU staining and this again signifies that PCNA is only bound to chromatin portions where actively replicating DNA is present Recruitment of proteins involved in replication to chromatin during the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 00:20

... petraea and an increasing length growth of these branches with increasing Response of beech and oak to shading 167 Figure Growth components measured on seedlings of oak and beech exposed to full ... the investigated species and its shade tolerance [26, 28] Against this background the objective of the present study was to investigate in a shading experiment (i) how shading comparable to the ... growth patterns, enhanced apical dominance and reduced branching, are characteristic responses of shade avoiding species to a reduced Response of beech and oak to shading 169 Table II Results of regression...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... allo] cation to fine roots does not mean that root activity has not been modified by CO enrichment Original insights into fine root activity in response to doubling [CO were ] C again provided ... (RSA) and partitioning (%P, see Appendir for expressions) RSA describes the proportion of newly incorporated atoms relative to total atoms in a given sample, and is also interpreted as an index ... collected in Autumn 1993 in acorns were parent stand close to Nancy (Lorraine, France), soaked in fungicide (Rhodiasan, Rhône Poulenc Paris, France) and stored at-1 °C in plastic bags over-winter In...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21

... correlated to N availability during the plant growth, in the protein profiles of both organs In order to obtain further information, in this work we investigated protein accumulation changes induced ... Figure Total proteins, amino acids, reducing sugars, sucrose and chlorophyll content Total proteins, amino acids, reducing sugars, sucrose and chlorophyll content Time course of the changes in the ... of total proteins, amino acids, reducing sugars and sucrose in roots (A, C, E and G) and leaves (B, D, F, and H) and chlorophyll content in leaves (I) of Zea mays plants, previously grown in...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... gradient procedure In order to maintain a constant protein/detergent ratio in all experiments, we added MBS buffer containing Triton X-100 up to a volume of ml to reach a final Triton concentration ... similar in control and treated lungs, averaging ~3% of total phospholipids In PMC the amount of choline plasmalogen (included in PC) and ethanolamine plasmalogen (included in PE) were 0.024 and 0.16 ... 6.5, containing 150 mM NaCl, mM phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride and 75 units/ml aprotinin) and we determined its protein content (BCA methods) Next, we took a volume containing 4.5 mg of protein, a...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... cells in response to both imatinib and nilotinib [65] INNO-406, a more potent inhibitor of BCR–ABL, also induces apoptosis in BCR–ABL+ K562 cells, and whilst BCR–ABLexpressing myeloid progenitor ... activating mutations in the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain; these primary mutations correlate well with clinical responses to the EGFR-specific, ATP-competitive tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib and ... are being tested and these include second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as dasatinib (inhibits BCR–ABL, KIT, PDGFR and SRC family kinases), nilotinib (a more potent inhibitor of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 00:20

... (http://www.dnr.state.md.us/bay/ monitoring/water/index.html) In particular, it is noted that in the Bay, low temperatures during winter and anoxia during summer, in combination with the changes in salinity, are associated ... 3-fold increase in glucose and a more than 30-fold increase in lactate, whereas the levels in controls remained constant The arginine kinase gene (AK) and the eukaryotic translation initiation factor ... ES in response to changes in environmental conditions such as oxygen, temperature, and salinity [19–24] CHHs from the gut and the cells in embryonic abdominal segments seem to be particularly involved...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... of myo-inositol in the overwintering ladybird beetle Ceratomegilla undecimnotata Cryo-Letters 17, 267–272 39 Watanabe M (2002) Cold tolerance and myo-inositol accumulation in overwintering adults ... exposure and associated metabolic changes Generally, cold stress is associated with an increase in the levels of several FAA during the first days in most species tested to date, resulting in an increase ... large stores of free Pro In that process, Pro is first oxidized to d-pyrolline-5-carboxylate which, in turn, can be oxidized to Glu Transamination gave rise to Ala and a-ketoglutarate Such an increase...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:20

... equally into three sectors, including the front sector between the nucleus and the leading edge The Golgi in the front sector was determined to be in the polarized position One hundred cells in ten ... ⁄ 3-containing adaptor protein that interacts with the LIM-only protein PINCH and components of growth factor receptor kinase-signaling pathways Mol Biol Cell 9, 3367–3382 34 Miyamoto Y, Yamauchi ... migration in response to wound healing Src kinase inhibition disrupts polarization of migrating cells The Src tyrosine kinase phosphorylates Cas to promote cell migration [18] We employed a Src kinase...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 03:20

... sorbitol (60 min) and then incubated in sorbitol-free medium (6 h) Detached cells were washed with NaCl ⁄ Pi and cells remaining attached to the dish were treated with trypsin and counted using ... the concentrations indicated Cells were exposed to 0.5 M sorbitol for 60 min, and then incubated for h in sorbitol-free medium (in the continued absence or presence of inhibitor) Endogenous levels ... different MAPK pathway inhibitors to block hDlg phosphorylation [17] We then examined hDlg loss in cells treated with inhibitors and exposed to sorbitol Both p38MAPK inhibitors, BIRB0796, which...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... proteins involved in various cellular processes, including inhibition of apoptosis Hypoxia has been reported to inhibit apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosisinducing ligand ... selectively induces apoptosis in malignant, but not nonmalignant, cells [16] TRAIL binds to death receptors, DR4 and DR5, and recruits Fas-associated death domain protein to the receptors Caspase-8 ... hypoxia in MDA-MB-468 cells (Fig 2B), resulting in a 35% decrease in nuclear BRCA1 relative to the level in normoxic cells in the presence of 2E5 The decrease in C Fig Hypoxia-induced changes in BRCA1...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 03:20

... receptors and immune system b-1,3-Glucan binding protein 3e-6 Putative senescence-associated protein 5e-46 Cavortin 1e-5 Cytoskeleton Tubulin alpha chain 4e-17 Tubulin alpha chain 5e-20 Tubulin ... receptors and immune system b-1,3-Glucan binding protein 3e-6 Procathepsin L 1e-12 Meningioma expressed antigen 7e-19 Lipoprotein receptor related protein 2e-24 Fucolectin-1 6e-4 Cytoskeleton ... genes in common to both the ADI and glyphosate response SSH libraries These were glutamine synthase, ATP synthetase, b-1,3-glucan binding protein and some housekeeping genes such as tubulin and...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... mechanisms to withstand environmental conditions in sun and shade-grown seedlings Osmotic and elastic adjustments are found to help cork oak seedlings to maintain turgor during moderate water stress and ... and morphological responses to shade and drought in two contrasting ecotypes of Prunus serotina, Tree Physiol 10 (1992) 343–355 [5] Aranda I., Gil L., Pardos J.A., Effects of thinning in a Pinus ... decrease in osmotic potential (Ψπ100 and Ψπ0) as water availability decreased and PFD increased, allows seedlings to maintain a water potential gradient from the soil to the plant and to facilitate...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:22

... therefore to quantify the release of oxalate and/ or protons by six ectomycorrhizal isolates belonging to species grown in pure culture in response to orthophosphate (Pi) supply level and CaCO3 in the ... In order to reveal these possible local pH variations, two isolates representing alkalinising and acidifying species (H cylindrosporum and R roseolus) were grown in agar medium containing CaCO3 ... contents that were to 15 and 25 to 30 times lower than those assayed in the four oxalate producing isolates in absence and in presence of CaCO3, respectively In these oxalate producing isolates, calcium...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... closely, radiation being the main factor driving photosynthesis and consequently tree development in the model In spring C was preferentially incorporated into leaves and new GUs During this period ... which pruning suppresses correlations (i.e., in determining the wood length in which buds can react to pruning) in relation to intensity, date, etc of pruning A better way of modelling inhibitive ... and branching order) which are in turn split into growth units (GUs; see figure 2), internodes and nodes bearing a bud and a leaf Each organ is positioned in the 3D space by its coordinates and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:22

... provide much information about control mechanisms Measurements of changes in stomatal conductance and pho- tosynthetic rates can divide photosynthetic response into stomatal and nonstomatal responses ... starch hydrolysis and efficiency of sucrose loading into the phloem may increase to maintain transport are young developing leaves and stems, growing roots and stem and root storage pools (Dickson, ... ability to change anatomically in response to environmental stresses) than drought-intolerant species (Abrams and Kubiske, 1990; Ashton and Berlyn, 1994) Deep rooting also is an adaptation to resist...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21