... an auxiliary flip involving a substitute infinitive is called an ‘obligatory auxiliary flip’ (18) (dass) Maria einen Mann hat lieben k¨ nnen o (that) Maria a man has love can (that) Maria was able ... and Nakazawa, 1994), the verbal complement of an auxiliary verb, such as haben or werden, follows rather than precedes its head Only a certain classof bare infinitive verbs can land in extraposed ... Maria a man love can will (that) Maria will be able to love a man subjec vc n (dass) Maria einen Mann lieben k¨ nnen wird o Optional Auxiliary Flip In an auxiliary flip construction (Hinrichs and...
... ACL N Habash and F Sadat 2006 Arabic preprocessing schemes for statistical machine translation In NAACL H Hassan, K Sima’an, and A Way 2007 Supertagged phrasebased statistical machine translation ... Better Arabic parsing: baselines, evaluations, and analysis In COLING N Habash and O Rambow 2005 Arabic tokenization, part-ofspeech tagging and morphological disambiguation in one fell swoop In ACL ... The alignment template approach to statistical machine translation Computational Linguistics, 30(4):417–449 F J Och, D Gildea, S Khudanpur, A Sarkar, K Yamada, A Fraser, et al 2004 A smorgasbord...
... has developed a prototype parser for a fragment ofa GB grammar [9] The system consists ofa declarative specification of the GB model, which incorporates the various principles of grammar and ... note that, for phrase structure at least, the relevant principles of grammar can be stated purely as conditions on branches, rather that trees More generally, We will assume the schema ofa particular ... particular representation provides a formal characterisation of locality Just as phrase structure is defined in terms of branches, we can define Chains as a sequence of links More specifically, each...
... consequences of organizational change However, it can also be reasoned that the consequences of organizational change are part of change efforts and thus cannot be clearly separated As discussed above, a ... probable that resistance to change may at times have a positive effect on the outcome of organizational change, and that it may be strategically valuable to an organization For example, it is imaginable ... rationality—seem to have conditioned both the theoretical and empirical research in organizational change and employees’ reactions to Organizational change can be considered as aclassof organization...
... stack depends upon which domain plan schemata are available in a speaker's domain plan library, we assume that a rational agent would have a schema containing the plan to attend a conference, A ... data: 1) an extraction from a Japanese dialogue in the conference registration domain, and 2) an extraction from a Spanish dialogue in the travel agency domain SpA and SpB refer to Speaker A and ... understanding [Litman and Allen, 1987] assumes a single plan library that contains the domain plans of the two speakers, and a shared plan stack mechanism to track the current plan structure of the...
... Laboratory AIA Animal Industry Act AID Animal Industry Division, Michigan Department of Agriculture APHIS-VS Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services APHIS-WS Animal and ... specifically the State Veterinarian, was granted regulatory authority over the health and welfare of domestic animals in the Animal Industry Act (AIA), P .A 466 of 1988 (AIA 1988) The AIA was “intended ... contamination via the manure or carcasses of infected animals This audit was able to gather some of the first information on the ways that C/P -OC facilities manage and dispose of these materials...
... scope of WordNet that were tagged as classification in the WordNet hierarchy, and to classify nouns proper names were mapped to the token pname, a subclass of on the basis of their feature-value ... a way that alternations such as the causative/inchoative alternation (e.g 2 (a, b)) are learned using class information about the observed subjects and objects of the verb, in addition to subcategorization ... Coherent Classes A search among a verb's object nouns requires at most I .A/ " computations of the association score, and I can thus be done exhaustively An exhaustive search among object classes...
... person attr attributive third person aug augmentative a actor aux auxiliary abil ability av actor voice abl ablative avol avolitional abs absolutive ben benefactive acc accusative caus causative acq ... bananas ’ “ then Jafa carried the basket and went upwards Went upwards he picked the bananas ” In many Indo-Pacific languages there are several grammatical phenomena that are a faithful and ... the idea ofa Functional Discourse Grammar At the time it was conceived of as a revised version of Functional Grammar (FG; Dik 199 7a, 1997b), a theory of the organization of natural languages developed...
... with a standardized list of reasons to choose from, and health literacy may have affected the accuracy of these data Our study was cross-sectional in nature and does not allow for proper evaluation ... forms of major depression and childhood trauma Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003, 100:14293-14296 Furu K, Straume B: Use of antiacids in a general population: the impact of health-related variables, ... Sedatives - Benzodiazepines Antidepressants Asthma medications Anti-histamines Cold/sinus Anti-migraine Anti-allergy Pain relievers (includes NSAIDs and narcotics) - Narcotic pain relievers - Acetaminophen...
... lopinavir, atazanavir, or fosamprenavir) Statistical Analysis The first analysis evaluated participant characteristics associated with initiation of HAART Baseline variables were measured within ... briefly characterize the determinants of access to HAART and to assess late vs early initiation of HAART in a population -based cohort of HIV-positive Argentinean men and women Methods PUMA is an ongoing ... associated with HAART initiation AIDS-defining illness and viral load were also associated with time to initiation of and late access to HAART As expected, those who started HAART in this study had...
... with a standardized list of reasons to choose from, and health literacy may have affected the accuracy of these data Our study was cross-sectional in nature and does not allow for proper evaluation ... forms of major depression and childhood trauma Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003, 100:14293-14296 Furu K, Straume B: Use of antiacids in a general population: the impact of health-related variables, ... Sedatives - Benzodiazepines Antidepressants Asthma medications Anti-histamines Cold/sinus Anti-migraine Anti-allergy Pain relievers (includes NSAIDs and narcotics) - Narcotic pain relievers - Acetaminophen...
... channel state information is instantaneously and perfectly available at each AP and user Also, ideal Shannon-rate coding has been assumed, that is, the impact of real-world coding and modulation ... the floor of the network area and shadow fading realizations for the links to all the APs We assign a user to the AP with maximum average SNR, accounting for distancebased path loss and shadowing ... equal-duration guard intervals (approximately EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing 10 m 10 m AP AP AP AP AP AP AP AP Figure 2: Indoor system model depicting APs serving users Lines indicate...
... Combinatorial Nullstellensatz Recent trends in combinatorics (M´traa h´za, 1995) Combin Probab Comput (1999), 7–29 a [2] Shirazi, H and Verstra¨te, J., A note on polynomials and f -factors of graphs ... defines an element from (Km [T ])∗ and, consequently, it has a unique expression as a linear combination of the elements of the basis (µt )t∈S This proves the existence ofa familly of scalars (λS ... such that t S ϕm (P ) = t∈S λt µt (P ) for any polynomial P in Km [T ], and achieves the proof of Lemma Before proceeding with the proof of Theorem 1, let us recall that the total degree ofa polynomial...
... literature review, interviews with people with dementia and caregivers, and a consensus panel including a range of professionals and a patient advocate We judged that, based on likely length, a ... first draft of the manuscript and all authors participated in subsequent revisions All authors read and approved the final manuscript 10 11 12 13 Department of Health: National Service Framework ... Implementation Science 2007, 2:31 Background The early care of people with dementia ideally involves a sensitive and accurate explanation of the diagnosis to individuals and informal carer-givers, and...
... literature review, interviews with people with dementia and caregivers, and a consensus panel including a range of professionals and a patient advocate We judged that, based on likely length, a ... first draft of the manuscript and all authors participated in subsequent revisions All authors read and approved the final manuscript 10 11 12 13 Department of Health: National Service Framework ... Implementation Science 2007, 2:31 Background The early care of people with dementia ideally involves a sensitive and accurate explanation of the diagnosis to individuals and informal carer-givers, and...
... used AGGAAAAGGCCTTGAAGCTC and TGCTGTATTTGACAGGACAAGTG (outer primers), and GAGGACATGCTCCTACCTGTG and TGCTGTATTTGACAGGACAAGTG (inner primers) For CN272097 we used CCAACGTGAGCTTCCAGAAC and ACAGAAACGCCTCTTCTCATTTAG ... Organ site Brain Breast Breast Breast cancer adenocarcinoma (metastasis pleural effusion) Prostate metastasis Ovarian carcinoma Ductal carcinoma Breast cancer adenocarcinoma (metastasis pleural ... paper All authors read and approved the final manuscript 10 Additional data files The following additional data are available with the online version of this paper Additional data file contains...
... quantitative and qualitative analytical techniques Corpus linguistics and Discourse analysis Corpus -based approach is found to be of great value since it can be applied to a number of areas of ... use ofa language feature, for example, analyzing the factors that affect the omission or retention of that in complement clauses; examining the realizations ofa particular function of language, ... corpus -based analysis of the collocates of the word “homeland” The data for the analysis were taken from two popular corpora which are Corpus of Contemporary American English and Time Magazine...
... legitimate way of carrying out an empirical evaluation of teaching materials A micro-evaluation of teaching materials is perhaps best carried out in relation to task (Ellis, 1997: 37) Tasks within ... postmethod pedagogy has to be a pedagogy of particularity That is to say, language pedagogy, to be relevant, must be sensitive to a particular group of teachers teaching a particular group of learners ... VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES V TH KIM THANH A STUDENT- BASED EVALUATION OF THE READING COMPREHENSION TASKS...
... afford to explain simultaneously both the nature of organizational information and the process of organizational information creation in the same model We are unaware of any literature that approaches ... conceptualization of organizational information could make a firmly theoretical foundation for some theories of organization Practically, the examination could explain various phenomena of organization ... research was a theorizing endeavor for a systems based theory of organizational information In essence, it is a conceptualization of the phenomena of organizational information in terms of the nature...
... understand the task and what they are doing, and not act in a mechanical way Richards (2001) holds that all teaching makes use of tasks of different kinds A task based syllabus, however, is one based ... What is task -based syllabus? 2.4.2 The advantages of Task -based language learning 11 2.5 Approaches to syllabus design 12 2.5.1 Language - centered approach 12 2.5.2 Skills- centered approach ... “will be able to with the language at the end ofa course of study” The goal ofa General English course is usually an overall mastery of the language that can be tested on a global language test...