toàn trong việc sử dụng khí nén

... to which they have converged Many Polish regions, for example, experienced strong productivity growth alongside the strong growth of the country’s frontier Only in Portugal and the United States ... automatically benefit from strong frontier performance Considering the top 50 and bottom 50 regions in terms of catching up to their country’s frontier, there are examples of strong catching-up dynamics ... confound price changes with productivity changes if a region’s sectoral specialisation differs strongly from the national average Price fluctuations that disproportionately affect some regions...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2016, 15:25

... data content s What is common local practice? (e.g., pornography is legal in some communities but strongly frowned upon in others.) s What rules govern the movement across international boundaries...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2012, 09:40

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

... unemployment • United Kingdom (1992) – Inflation has been close to its target – Growth has been strong and unemployment has been decreasing 16-6 © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved ... time-inconsistency problem • Disadvantages of the Fed’s “Just Do It” Approach: – lack of transparency; strong dependence on the preferences, skills, and trustworthiness of the individuals in charge of ... Strategy from the Global Financial Crisis (cont’d) • Should central banks respond to bubbles? – Strong argument for not responding to bubbles driven by irrational exuberance – Bubbles are easier...

Ngày tải lên: 15/11/2013, 20:27

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 15:20

... desired federal funds rate unchanged for a considerable period of time However, in the event of stronger In the standard view of the transmission mechanism, the relationship between policy actions ... standard view of the monetary transmission mechanism, monetary policy actions are expected to have a strong, positive effect on long-term rates In contrast to this theory, the actual relationship between ... percep- ECONOMIC REVIEW • FOURTH QUARTER 1995 tions of future policy actions In this framework, a strong, positive connection between long-term rates and policy actions is certainly possible However,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 02:21

... a fall in bond prices; yet evidence for this view is elusive Cook and Hahn (1989) documented a strong response in the 1970s, but regressions using data from the 1980s and 1990s show little, if ... shows that interest rates’ response to the “surprise” component of Fed policy is significantly stronger than the response to the change in the target itself; in fact, rates’ response to the anticipated ... between anticipated and unanticipated changes in the Fed funds target, and documents the much stronger relationship between market rates and unanticipated changes in the funds rate target Table...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 02:21

... debt Discrimination against retained earnings is seen as an obstacle to making balance sheets stronger, which not only hinders growth, but also access to cheaper debt finance.8 Reinvestment of ... is the transfer of ownership Ownership has a special meaning in family firms It also involves a strong ‘personal’ factor When a business is transferred within the family, the financial capital...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 21:20

... policy appear fully aligned with the goal of achieving global food security The U.S government is a strong promoter of biotechnology as a tool for improving food security, and the U.S patent system ... biotechnology through the issuance of thousands of patents The United States is also a proponent of strong patent protection worldwide It is thus important to explore how the U.S stance in these three ... of pursuing the economic interest that the United States and U.S technology companies have in a strong, global patent system The countervailing interests and costs fall largely within and upon...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 22:07

... provided by institutions outside the health sector The characteristics of providers may have a strong influence on the way in which mental health interventions are delivered The ideal providers ... aspects of health, such as non-communicable diseases, to also oversee mental health it is very strongly recommended that countries dedicate a unit (or at the very least a focal point) to oversee...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 01:20

... system As a general hypothesis, in those countries where private sector institutions are strong, there exists a strong and dedicated public sector as well; in those countries where the public sector ... the mistaken belief persists that postal savings are still secured by the Government In fact, so strong is the postbank’s brandname that some banks that had been created out of postal savings systems ... establish not only postal savings operations but also a full range of banking services have met strong opposition from the banking industry [Swiss Post Annual Report, 2000] DESA Discussion Paper...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20

... 1998 94 Campbell H, Armstrong JR, Byass P Indoor air pollution in developing countries and acute respiratory infection in children [letter] Lancet, 1989, 1(8645): 1012 95 Armstrong JR, Campbell H ... differentiated otitis media from all URI, but there is reason to expect an association There is now strong evidence that environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure causes middle ear disease: a recent ... Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 1991, 43(4): 229-33 97 de Francisco A, Morris J, Hall AJ, Armstrong Schellenberg JR, Greenwood BM Risk factors for mortality from acute lower respiratory tract...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... that conditional on low past performance, funds with illiquid assets (where complementarities are stronger) are subject to more outflows than funds with liquid assets Moreover, this pattern disappears ... empirical approach is based on the idea that strategic complementarities in mutual fund outflows are stronger when the fund’s assets are more illiquid This is because funds with illiquid assets should ... strategic complementarities arise only when the fund’s past performance is relatively poor Funds with strong past performance tend to attract more inflows (e.g., Chevalier and Ellison (1997), Sirri and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 14:21

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:21

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 19:20

... a good understanding of why ongoing policies are not working effectively Where there is not a strong sense of local ownership of policy initiatives, reforms are unlikely to take root More generally, ... recommendation for decentralization, but a secessionist move and other micronationalist movements exerted strong political pressure to follow the devolutionary path The 1977 Organic Law on Provincial Government ... administration in Papua New Guinea as a ‘generally well-functioning system In particular, [there were] strong and carefully controlled budget procedures’ (World Bank 1983, 1) 1985–1994: the creeping crisis...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:20

... structure as well as the structure of the market in which it operates The risk-shifting effect is stronger the more beneficial is the limited liability protection to the bank This effect is therefore ... “macro bailouts” and collective moral hazard on banks’ liquidity decisions When banks expect a strong policy response by the monetary authorities should a large negative shock occur (a mechanism ... policy affect bank behavior Moreover, Proposition shows that the leverage effect can be sufficiently strong to overturn the direct effect on bank risk taking identified in Proposition for the case where...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 23:20

... anticipation effect in two instances The main message of our paper is therefore the lack of a strong reaction of the default risk premium in long-term government interest rates to the identified ... procedural steps were implemented for the first time, and the implementation was accompanied by a strong discussion on the usefulness of the rules in general Therefore even the more regular and country ... rate falls by 10 bp in the course of year, although there are sizeable developments over time It strongly increases in spring, shortly after the Council decision not to launch an early warning,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 23:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 09:21