time frequency and convolution

... band, (HH) the high frequency band, (LH) the low-high frequency band, and (HL) the high-low frequency band For image quality purpose, the frequency bands (LL) and (HH) are not suitable to use ... = 256 Time- res = 250 Time (s) 200 150 100 50 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 Frequency (Hz) Figure 1: Time- frequency representation of a quadratic FM signal: the signal’s time domain ... Dogahe, and M G Amin, “Image-adaptive watermarking using 2D chirps,” Signal, Image and Video Processing, vol 4, no 1, pp 105–121, 2010 [10] L Le and S Krishnan, Time- frequency signal synthesis and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... timefrequency and time- scale representations by the reassignment method,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol 43, no 5, pp 1068–1089, 1995 [13] L Cohen and T E Posch, “Positive time- frequency ... denoted as Cabn HF and Cabn for LF and HF groups, respectively where ftLF and ftHF are the input feature vectors, and THF and TLF are the total numbers of test feature vectors for HF and LF components, ... marginal conditions and can be considered as a true joint distribution of time and frequency The utilized TFD is a segment free TF approach, and it provides a high-resolution and cross-term free...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 19:20

... robust and fragile digital data protection algorithms and (2) time- frequency- based algorithms for data analysis, classification, and compression In the first four papers, different time- frequency- based ... create an arbitrary time- frequency mask that is used to shape the time- frequency characteristics of watermark Both watermark embedding and detection are performed in the time- frequency domain This ... the time- varying spectral content of speech signals, the S-method-based time- frequency analysis has been considered in the paper entitled “Timefrequency-based speech regions characterization and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... + a2 )i, where a1 and a2 are normally distributed with zero mean and a variance of 0.05 The initial transition time K is set randomly between and M As shown in Figure 7, the frequency estimation ... frequencies Estimated frequency (a) (b) Figure 7: Root mean square estimation error versus tracking frequency with initial K = random (a) Frequency tracking and (b) RMSE of frequency tracking The ... = 64, used in the CRLB In practice, transition time is a random variable for a sampling data block The transition time K is set randomly between and M with a uniform distribution As indicated...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... wavelets provides good time resolution and poor frequency resolution at higher frequencies, and poor time resolution and good frequency resolution at lower frequencies On the other hand, shapegain vector ... using adaptive time- frequency representations,” Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, vol 38, no 1, pp 2–8, 2000 [4] K Umapathy, Time- frequency modelling of wideband audio and speech ... iterations and analyzed, and their derivative values, such as mean, median, and standard deviation, are also calculated and studied An additional feature, such as the central energy, is also defined and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... 1195, 1996 B Boashash, Time- Frequency Analysis and Processing, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2003 F Hlawatsch and G F Boudreaux-Bartels, “Linear and quadratic time- frequency signal representations,” ... ten formants are related to the positive frequency axes) Time- Frequency- Based Speech Watermarking Procedure 5.1 Watermark Modelling and Embedding The timefrequency representation of the formants ... is used as a time- frequency mask to shape the watermark This time- frequency representation is EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing Frequency Reconstructed formants (SM) Frequency Original...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... Time (frames) AC (2, 1) Frequency 10 20 AC (1, 2) Frequency Frequency DC 10 20 30 40 50 60 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Time (frames) 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Time (frames) (b) Figure 2: Time- frequency ... constant that controls time- frequency resolution and t is a time vector Thus, for each × block, 64 frequency- modulated signals are created Further, for the signal xn1 ,n2 (t), the timefrequency distribution ... Processing 20 Frequency Frequency 20 40 60 40 60 200 400 600 Time (frames) 800 1000 200 400 (a) 800 1000 800 1000 (b) 20 Frequency 20 Frequency 600 Time (frames) 40 60 40 60 200 400 600 Time (frames)...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... the physical time- frequency properties of a signal, for example, energy and marginals, and yields uniformly high resolution over the entire timefrequency plane [15, 22] Recently, time- frequency ... principal components and to fully quantify the time- frequency parameters of ERPs Since the principal components extracted from ERP timefrequency surfaces are well-localized in time and frequency, we ... Ideally, a time- frequency domain ERP data reduction method will faithfully reproduce established time and frequency- based findings (i.e., peaks in the time domain such as P300 or summaries of frequency...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 16:20

... spectrogram, and TFD (n, f ) refers to the energy of the signal at a given time and frequency Note that in (19), Fm refers to the maximum frequency of the signal, n is the time index and f is the frequency ... On the other hand, in ATFT, the signal was modeled using TF functions which have a definite time and frequency resolution (i.e., each individual TF function is time limited and band limited), ... 0.6 Frequency Frequency Frequency 0.8 1.5 0.4 0.2 0.2 Time 0 1000 2000 Time (a) ×104 ×104 Shaped watermark Time (d) 20 PSD 0.5 0.5 10 Watermarked music 1.5 (c) PSD magnitude (dB) 1.5 −10 4000 Time...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 16:20

... −50 −1 (e) Time Time Frequency Frequency −50 −1 −50 −1 (i) Time Time (j) Time Time −50 −1 (h) 50 (d) (g) 50 Frequency −50 −1 Time 50 (f) 50 −50 −1 50 Frequency 0 Time (c) 50 Frequency Frequency ... Processing −40 −1 Frequency 40 Frequency 40 Frequency 40 −40 Time −1 (a) −40 Time (b) Frequency −40 Time 1 40 Frequency −40 Time (c) 40 Frequency 40 −1 −1 −1 (d) −40 Time (e) −1 Time (f) Figure ... Signal Processing −40 Frequency 40 Frequency 40 Frequency 40 27 −40 −1 Time −40 −1 (a) Time −1 (b) Time 1 Frequency −40 −1 Time 40 Frequency −40 (c) 40 Frequency 40 Time −40 −1 (d) Time (e) −1 (f)...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... linear convolution instead of circular convolution Fortunately, there is a relationship between circular convolution and linear convolution as mentioned in [17] Therefore, we can obtain circular convolution ... transmission in a future communication system SCiFI-FDMA is based on frequency and time domain interpolation and a user-specific frequency shift It was shown that the SCiFI-FDMA structure is able ... γK, where γ ∈ {2, 3}), a fractional time- domain interpolation, and a user-specific frequency shift The matrix multiplication z = Qx can be considered as the frequency- domain interpolation by the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 22:20

... narrow in time and wide in frequency leading to good resolution in time and bad resolution in frequency, and vice versa The spectrogram is free of cross-terms but it has lower joint timefrequency ... between time and frequency resolution Quadratic (or bilinear) TFR such as spectrogram and Wigner-Ville uses energy distribution of the signal over time and frequency to represent the temporal and ... watermarking F Peyrin and R Prost, “A unified definition for the discretetime, discrete -frequency, and discrete -time/ frequency Wigner distributions,” IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... in time domain as well as frequency domain The reason for the use of both time and frequency domains is that if the signal under analysis is a nonstationary signal, as most biological signals and ... detecting, and 250 point windows were used The raw signal from the EMFi-sensor includes components of breathing, motion artifacts, low and high frequency noises, and so forth Thus, we had to use a bandpass ... situation, the economy sized decomposition saves both time and storage by producing an m-by-n U, an n-by-n , and the same V [15] 3.2.2 Time- frequency moments singular value decomposition As explained...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... 802.11b Bluetooth 4 Frequency Frequency ×107 3 Time Time (a) (b) Figure 2: Time- frequency transforms of the two standards: (a) Bluetooth, (b) IEEE 802.11b Frequency Frequency Time Time (a) (b) Figure ... where P(t) is the time distribution and the integral ranges from −∞ to ∞ ω t is the average frequency at a particular time t and, most important, is considered as the instantaneous frequency [13] ... relative frequency of classification errors are presented and discussed As a case study, two standards are considered: WLAN 802.11b [16] and Bluetooth [17] The choice of these two standards stems...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... 200 100 0 0.2 0.4 Frequency (Hz) 300 200 100 0 0.2 0.4 Frequency (Hz) 400 400 300 200 100 Time (s) 500 Time (s) 500 400 Time (s) 500 0.2 0.4 Frequency (Hz) 300 200 100 0.2 0.4 Frequency (Hz) 300 ... components (in the time- frequency domain) are then used to estimate the IFs of Blind Components Separation and Extraction Using TFD 2029 400 400 300 300 200 100 Time (s) 500 Time (s) 500 400 Time (s) 500 ... (s) 500 400 Time (s) 500 300 200 200 100 100 300 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 500 400 400 Time (s) 500 Time (s) 0.2 Frequency (Hz) Frequency (Hz) 300 200 100 300 200 100 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Frequency...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... time and frequency This method is called time- frequency (TF) analysis, which maps a signal (i.e., a one-dimensional function of time) onto an image (i.e., a two-dimensional function of time and frequency) ... highestorder frequency parameter and DOA In the case of LFM signal, and quadrature CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 12 FM signal, the highest-order frequency parameters are frequency rate for LFM signal, and frequency ... to have some basic understanding in parameter estimation theory and time- frequency analysis, hence the review on these topics is only minimally elaborated 2.1 Time- Frequency Distributions In...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 14:29

... simulated and measured antenna gain pattern of |Eφ | and |Eθ | at the φ = 0o and φ = 90o plane at 14GHz 4.107Comparison of the simulated and measured antenna gain pattern of |Eφ | and |Eθ ... scale simulations in both the frequency and the time domain This is achieved by reducing the storage requirements, decreasing the amount of computational loads and implementing effective parallelization ... spectral -frequency domain and the number of inverse FFT transform of the spectral -frequency domain transient fields It is faster than the existing method of multi-level block FFT algorithm and offers...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:06

... decomposition and reconstruction process, we still need to understand the nature of the frequency bandwidth of decomposed and reconstructed signals Table 3.1 shows the frequency bandwidths of decomposed and ... of lead time for fall 125 activities (20 trials for each fall activity) (1 = left hand side fall (FW), = left hand side fall (S), = right hand side fall (FW), = right hand side fall (S), and = ... showing the lead times for sideways falls (left hand 126 side and right hand side) and backward fall 5.14 Typical body configuration at threshold level for backward 127 14 fall and sideways fall...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 18:27

Ngày tải lên: 27/08/2016, 07:22

... Discrete, and Digital 1.1 Introduction to Signals 1.1.1 Basic Concepts 1.1.2 Time- Domain Description of Signals 1.1.3 Analysis in the Time- Frequency Plane 1.1.4 Other Domains: Frequency and Scale ... Frequency 1.5.2 Discrete Signal Frequency 1.5.3 Frequency Domain 1.5.4 Time and Frequency Combined 51 51 55 56 62 1.6 Special Signal Classes 1.6.1 Basic Classes 1.6.2 Summable and Integrable Signals 63 ... Operations 174 174 174 175 176 3.2 Convolution and Analog LTI Systems 3.2.1 Linearity and Translation-Invariance 3.2.2 LTI Systems, Impulse Response, and Convolution 3.2.3 Convolution Properties 3.2.4...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2016, 13:45