three dimensional structures of polygalacturonases

... activated sludge reactor was lyophilized After the addition of 2mL of chloroform and acidified methanol (10% sulfuric acid with around 100mg/L of benzoic acid), the content in the tube was mixed well, ... rate of 30mL/minute Sodium 3-hydroxybutyrate (Tokyo Chemical Industry, Japan) was used as the standard for 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) unit in PHA The copolymer composed of 81% of 3HB and 19% of 3-hydroxyvalerate ... Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol 6, No.2, 2008 Technology, China The concentration of PHA in these reactors was determined, and the fractions of carbon stored as PHA...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38

... of the growth of tetracycline-resistant or tetracycline-degrading bacteria and the mechanism of tetracycline degradation MATERIALS AND METHODS Water samples were collected from the effluent of ... Significant degradation of tetracycline was observed in all three Unoke River water samples with 7.2 and 0.72 mL sample volumes and of samples with the 0.072 mL sample volume The density of tetracycline-degrading ... affected the results of this study Tetracycline degrading ability was exhibited by of 15 colonies of resistant bacteria isolated from the Unoke River water samples, and the density of these tetracycline-degrading...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... (Foster 1949) Cotton acreage data were obtained from three County Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation offices of the U.S Department of Agriculture These data are determined annually by ... ( 62 km2) of the basin are in the William B Bankhead National Forest This area is on the slopes of the divide in the southwest portion of the watershed In 1961, 1,210 acres (490 ha) of the forest ... recoveries of BHC appear to be related to agricultural use The means for the summers of 1961 and 1962, both years of high usage, are greater than IN A RIVER: TIIE WATER 315 those in years of low...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 04:20

... from Ephemeroptera and Odonata does not provide any indication of the presence of hemocyanin (data not shown) The notion of the absence of hemocyanins from Holometabola is corroborated by the fact ... Kristensen NP (1981) Phylogeny of insect orders Annu Rev Entomol 26, 135–157 31 Kukalova-Peck J (1991) Fossil history and evolution of hexapod structures In The Insects of Australia (Naumann ID, ed.), ... the tracheal system of Collembola, with special reference to that of Sminthurus viridis, Lubb Q J Microsc Sci 71, 15–30 39 Williams CB (1913) A summary of the present knowledge of the Protura Entomologist...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 08:20

... ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank Prof Takeshi Uozumi of the Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University, for the permission to use B subtilis KN2, and Prof Koji Takahashi of the Department of Applied Biochemical ... promoter region of subtilisin NAT (NAT) from B subtilis (natto) was used for expression The open reading frame of the ALP I gene, aprQ, was ligated of the downstream of the promoter region of the Ó ... 80% of the original activity after h The activity of N263D-Sendai decreased to 45% and 10% of the original after and h of incubation at pH 12, respectively N263D/A266Y-Sendai showed only 10% of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 03:20

... evolution of all of the enzymes of the pathway (Fig 4), it is clear that only about half of the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the major pathway of carbon metabolism in mitochondria of oxygen-respiring ... molecular mass of  90 kDa and are typically homodimers of 45-kDa subunits [44,45] In the presence of Mg2+, glyoxysomal CS of plants also forms tetramers [43] However, there are also a number of bacteria ... all three enzymes have an E1, E2, E3 subunit structure, and that some of the subunits of PDH, OGDH and OADH are related The functional and evolutionary relationships between the subunits of these...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... mass of the three main peaks shifted to the single value of 22 734 Da, indicating the occurrence of three as1-Cas species carrying five, six, and seven phosphate groups, respectively A set of small ... framed arrows indicate the position of the introns The boxes indicate amino-acid substitutions skipping of three successive exons during the course of the processing of the primary transcripts [9] ... variant (M), whole caseins of individual milks of the phenotypesA/A, F/F, and M/F were subjected to HPLC separation (Fig 3) The retention time of variant M was shorter than that of the A variant while...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... amount of FAD increased almost linearly in the rst 10 of the reaction, at a rate of 413 pmolặmin)1ặmg)1 protein The amount of FAD reached a maximum value of 3600 pmolặmg)1 protein within 15 of incubation ... course of FMN and FAD synthesis after addition of 0.5 lM Rf (B) Dependence of the rate of FMN synthesis on Rf concentrations (C,D) Time courses of FAD synthesis and Rf appearance after addition of ... procedures The values of the enzymatic activities are the mean ( SD) of three experiments performed with different cellular preparations TBY-2 mitochondria were checked in a series of preliminary experiments...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 04:20

... Gillespie, “Comparison of fitness of two isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, one of which had developed mulit-drug resistance during the course of treatment,” Journal of Infection, vol 41, ... including irregular drug intake, inadequate treatment of prior TB episode, prior history of TB, and prior use of rifamycins and rifabutin in treatment of TB and other bacterial infections [22–24] Further, ... development of RMP mono-resistance due to malabsorption of anti-TB drugs [26, 28, 29] Due to both nonavailability of routine VCT for TB patients at the time and the logistical limitations of the study,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... results of investigation of chaperone-like activity of MAP2 using dithiothreitol-induced aggregation of insulin at 25 °C Here, the inhibition of aggregation is about 70% in the presence of 0.1 ... presence of 0.4 lM tubulin (trace 3, d) (B) Time course of reactivation of 0.06 lM a-glucosidase: Self-folding (trace 1, j); in presence of 0.05 lM MAP2 (trace 2, m); and in presence of 0.5 lM of tubulin ... Time course of reactivation of 0.03 lM MDH: Self-folding (trace 1, j); in presence of 0.05 lM MAP2 (trace 2, m); and in presence of 0.4 lM of tubulin (trace 3, d) The refolding protocols of enzyme...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:20

... heterogeneity of the content of multilocular cells in different regions of a given WAT depot [11] Ten days of cold-exposure increased the number of multilocular cells and induced the expression of UCP1 ... used in this study were offsprings of WT and b3KO founders of the C57 purified genetic background The genotypes were determined by Southern blots as previously described [23] Three- to fourmonth-old ... quantified by scanning photodensitometry of the autoradiograms using IMAGEQUANT Software version 3.3 of Molecular Dynamics (Sunnyvale, CA) Subsequent hybridization of the blots with a [a-32P]ATP labelled...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:22

... concentrations of fructose [24] The generation of 3H2O from [2-3H]glucose provides a good measure of the rate of hepatic phosphorylation of glucose in vitro [2,25] Incubation of hepatocytes with ... apparent net synthesis of glucose of 0.62 ‹ 0.05 lmolámin)1á(g wet weight))1 The rate of glycogen synthesis of 0.13 ‹ 0.01 lmolámin)1á(g wet Table E€ect of a bolus addition of glycerol on hepatic ... incubated in the absence of glucose (Table 1), the bolus addition of mM glycerol resulted in an accumulation of intracellular Gro-3-P and depletion of ATP; the concentration of Fru-2,6-P2 fell by...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:21

... calibrated by addition of standard aliquots of Ca2+ to the medium A standard curve was obtained from the pooled results of five independent series of determinations and used for analysis of mitochondrial ... PH As the ultrastructure of 40% of liver mitochondria at 24 h after PH is suggestive of changes in membrane permeability of the organelles, we followed the swelling of mitochondria isolated during ... regeneration The mass of the liver at different time points after PH (open symbols) is expressed as a percentage of the weight of the liver of sham-operated rats (11 ± 1.1 g) For determination of Ca2+ content...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 04:21

... variant of L-fucokinase consisted of 3270 bp, encoding a protein of 1090 amino acids The sequence of the shorter cDNA was similar to the sequence of the IMAGE clone 4190449, consisting of 3057 ... pathway of GDP-L-fucose in mouse (Eur J Biochem 271) 79 Fig Gene structures of the short and the long splice variants of mouse fucokinase (A) and human fucokinase (B) The long splice variant of mouse ... full CDS of a putative mouse L-fucokinase, which was utilized in the design of primers for RT-PCR Two putative cDNAs of different sizes were cloned representing two splice variants of L-fucokinase...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 13:20

... Saturday that most of the 118-man crew died Aug 12 when a huge explosion Chief of Staff of the Russian Northern Fleet Mikhail Motsak Monday officially confirmed the deaths of 118 crewmen on board ... the clustering of attributes of topic category is for the convenience of building a batch QA system When a batch QA system is processing a series of questions under a topic, some of the questions ... QA-By-Dossier-With-Constraints” In Proceedings of the 42nd ACL 2004 The Authors wish to thank BBN for the use of NE tagging software IdentiFinder, CIIR at University of Massachusetts for the use of Inquery search engine,...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 01:20

... attacks on staff Assessments of professional quality of life were made with the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) [16], which is a validated development of the Compassion Fatigue Test ... with a total number of 21 beds One of the wards (ward F) is specialised to serve offenders with learning (intellectual) disabilities The other three wards have different levels of control and structured ... relatively high frequency of violence During the year of the study (2006), staff experienced 221 incidents of threat and violence corresponding to 13.8 incidents/bed/year of which 7.4 incidents/bed/year...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... results in cohort-based studies of HCV QS analyzed by HMA However, the use of proofreading enzymes such as HF-2 is recommended for more accurate characterization of HCV QS in vivo Background HCV ... complexity (number of variants) of individual QS variants derived by HMA as compared with standard cloning and sequencing of the HVR1 [11-13,25,26] Moreover, HMA can be applied to studies of HCV QS evolution, ... one report, use of Taq increased the proportion of minor QS variants [31], and we have found that, in general, QS diversity is lower if proof-reading enzymes are used instead of Taq [32] But...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... increase in osteoarthritis of grade in 52% of the patients, 35% of the patients had an increase of grades and 3% of the patients had an increase of grades (Table 4, and 6) 10 % of the patients had no ... distal point of graft (Linvatec, Largo, FL femur 20 of 25/7 mm, tibia of 8/20 of 25 mm) No supplementary fixation was used [28] Full extension of the knee was ensured before insertion of the tibial ... were considered at high risk of further knee injury due to the degree of laxity and the desired level of activity [27] In order to minimise the development of arthrofibrosis, reconstruction was...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20