thick and thin formulations

... in the band structure alteration and changing the work function on hydrogen exposure We have observed a systematic change in the work function on H2 exposure to the Pd nanoparticles and thin films ... nanoparticles was estimated using X-ray diffraction data and given in our previous article [22] Sputtering Deposition of Pd Thin Films Palladium thin films were prepared by DC-magnetron sputtering system ... thin films Deposition process was carried out at a vacuum of 10-6 Torr A 99.95% pure Pd metal was used as the target material The distance between the target and substrates was kept at 10 cm and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... AlN Thin Films: Experimental Deposition and Characterization 289 Crystallographic orientation, lattice parameters, thickness and film quality were characterized through X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and ... 0-600 eV, and (ii) a multiplex repetitive scan mode No signal smoothing was attempted and a scanning step of eV/step and 0.2 eV/step with an interval of 50 ms was utilized for survey and multiplex ... homogeneity and porosity of deposited films As the physics behind the sputtering process and plasma formation is not simple, and many basic and technological aspects of the sputtering process and AlN...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... Zhmakin and Yu.N Makarov Chapter 11 Crystal Growth and Stoichiometry of Strongly Correlated Intermetallic Cerium Compounds 263 Andrey Prokofiev and Silke Paschen Part 213 Growth of Thin Films and ... Crystal Growth and Silicon Wafer Manufacturing Lukáš Válek and Jan Šik 43 Chapter Growth and Characterization of Doped CaF2 Crystals Irina Nicoara and Marius Stef 71 Chapter The Growth and Properties ... 497 André Abts, Christian K W Schwarz, Britta Tschapek, Sander H J Smits and Lutz Schmitt Chapter 23 Growth of Organic Nonlinear Optical Crystals from Solution 529 A Antony Joseph and C Ramachandra...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... characterization techniques such as SFA [Tabor and Winterton 1969 and Israelachvili and Tabor 1972] and AFM/LFM [Binnig et al 1986 and Mate et al 1987] and the advanced technical applications such ... Hassan, Kong Boon, Sandar and many others) I would like to thank all my friends Srinu, Sekhar, v Acknowledgements Mohan, Subhash, Ugandhar, Pardha, Rajan, Dr Bharath and Dr Venugopal and many others ... guidance and advise regarding the deposition and characterization of organic thin films I benefited a great deal through discussions with him and his team members (Zhigang, Feng Xiang and Puniredd)...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 12:11

... transitions from Sm3? Column and give all transitions and the corresponding wavelengths of emission The relative intensities of nonannealed and annealed samples are given in column and 5, respectively ... promising candidate for its use in nanoscale optical devices and communication tools The strong red emission makes this material a potential candidate for making quantum dots Conclusion Thin films ... the film and detector were making and angle of 90° Luminescence from the films was focused onto the entrance slit of a SPEX Industries double monochromator with gratings blazed at 500 nm and detected...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... WO3 thin films on ITO layers with thickness, altering from 150 to 250nm Figure shows XRD and Raman spectra of WO3 powder sample and WO3 films, deposited on ITO layers/150 nm, 200 nm and 250 nm thickness ... the thickness of ITO coaters clearly effect on WO3 crystalline structure In order to understand what occurred inside and whether nano particle phases exist, we used their Raman spectroscopy And ... (o-WO3) In order to understand more about the mentioned peak, we used program Origin 7.5 to analyze the doublet 701.7 cm-1 of thin film WO3/ITO 300nm and investigated XRD and Raman spectra of WO3/ITO...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 03:20

... my husband and me to start writing humor and for encouraging me to get up in front of a crowd and tell jokes And I’d like to give a huge thank you to my son, Aaron Rotenberg, and my husband, Mitch ... behavior, and thinking I talk about mood and activity I don’t tell you what to eat and what not to eat, but I advise on good choices and not-so-good choices I will talk about activity and exercise ... there are three parts to successful and permanent weight loss: (1) thinking and behavior; (2) input, as in food and drink calories; and (3) output, as in metabolism and activity calories Most diet...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 05:20

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 13:20

... 4f5/2 and W 4f7/2 are found to lie at 37.1 and 35.20 eV, respectively and are contributed to lattice tungsten in the WO3 crystal 3.2 Gas sensing properties of the thin film sensors Results and discussion ... sensitivity and TMA concentration at 70◦ C NH3 , gasoline, C2 H5 OH, CH4 and CO at the same concentration of 1000 ppm and to water vapor These experimental results indicate that the WO3 thin film ... NH3 , gasoline, C2 H5 OH, CH4 and CO and water vapor These results indicate that the WO3 thin film sensor prepared by a sol–gel Fig X-ray photoelectron spectra of the thin film annealed at 500◦ C...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:12

... Schuegraf HANDBOOK; James J Licari DEPOSITION Equipment ELEC- Materials, Procand Leonard R PROCESSES AND TECHand Applications: edited by Related Titles ADHESIVES TECHNOLOGY HANDBOOK OF THERMOSET HANDBOOK: ... examples are Brinker and Mukherjef? who used sodium and barium acetates with aluminum, boron and silicon alkoxides; Holand, Plumat and Duvigneaud” used magnesium acetate with aluminum and silicon alkoxides; ... of Na*O-SiOz Gel and Glass Summary and Conclusions References COATINGS, THIN PART II FILMS AND SURFACE 28 28 30 30 32 32 32 37 38 38 41 41 43 44 46 46 TREATMENT THIN FILMS FROM THE...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 12:20

... distributing, and printing industries 1992 was the first year that he entered the City's employment, working with UNIX, Linux, and thin clients He promotes thin clients and open source technology, and ... development, and Commercial Open Source, mainly in the areas of Server-Based Computing and thin clients Previously, he has founded and developed the successful PXES Universal Linux Thin Client ... something stable and working, it's stable and working for all of your users immediately Patches and upgrades that are applied to the servers are instantly rolled out to all users Even if the thin...

Ngày tải lên: 07/04/2014, 15:33

... and ultra -thin films is both a reference and a tutorial for understanding the most common thin- films and coating techniques The book encompasses recent approaches and future trends in coating and ... fields of both physics and chemistry The goal of this book is to discuss the basics of ultra -thin films and nanocoatings and their synthesis techniques, surface characterization, and performance for ... block copolymers, and dendritic polymers), inorganic nanomaterials, and even carbon nanotubes and biomolecules This chapter will introduce several amphiphilic and colloidal materials and describe...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 10:53

... Bostanjoglo and Nink ͓16͔ and Balandin et al ͓2͔ reported that the effect of an increased surface tension above the melting point in metals during laser melting of thin films could cause thickening ... 0.3-␮m thin chromium film and a 0.6-␮m glass substrate The glass substrate is much thinner than that used in the experiments; however, the thermal penetration depth into the glass is very small within ... X., Poon, C C., and Tam, A C., 1998, ‘‘Laser-Assisted Surface Modification of Thin Chromium Films,’’ Opt Eng., 37, No 3, pp 1033–1041 ͓6͔ Chandrasekhar, S., 1961, Hydrodynamic and Hydromagnetic...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:55

... geometry and energy band representation; Z0 is the thickness of the depleted surface layer; Zg is the layer thickness and eVS the band bending (a) A partly depleted compact layer (“thicker”) and (b) ... exp − Εg kT (2.19) where Nc and Nv are the density of state of conduction band and valence band, respectively, and Eg is the energy band gap of materials When electrons and holes are tightly bound ... higher sensitivities to LPG and C2H2 than to H2 and CO, and nanoZnO with Fe and Ag additives showed high sensitivity and excellent selectivity to H2 against C2H2, CO and LPG, and the response time...

Ngày tải lên: 28/05/2014, 14:44

... Components, Systems, and Measurement Techniques, Rajpal S Sirohi and M P Kothiyal 29 Electron and Ion Microscopy and Microanalysis: Principles and Applications, Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, Lawrence ... Norman J Berg and John M Pellegrino 52 Handbook of Nonlinear Optics, Richard L Sutherland 53 Handbook of Optical Fibers and Cables: Second Edition, Hiroshi Murata 54 Optical Storage and Retrieval: ... J Thompson 74 Handbook of Imaging Materials: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by Arthur S Diamond and David S Weiss 75 Handbook of Image Quality: Characterization and Prediction,...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 13:44

... the crystal-field and spin-orbit splitting of the valence band of ZnO into subband states A, B and C at 4.2 K ¯ (LDOSs) on the first three layers of the (0001)-Zn (left panel) and (0001)-O (right ... band is split into three band states, A, B and C by spin-orbit and crystal-field splitting This splitting is schematically illustrated in figure 1.5 The A and C subbands are known to posses symmetry, ... chemical [47] and biological sensors, and as UV light emitters and switches [47–50] Epitaxial layers and single crystals will be important for the development of optoelectronic (blue and ultraviolet...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 15:03

... absorption bands (Huang and Lue 1994), narrowing of absorption bands, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and attenuation of absorption bands (Truong and Courteau 1987) in metallic, polymeric, ceramic, and ... and fabrication are multidisciplinary and require broad and deep knowledge in diverse areas of science and engineering such as materials science, physics, chemistry, biology, and mechanical and ... transformations and a large number of incremental and disruptive inventions in the area of thin- film and nanostructure science and fabrication technologies Thin films and nanostructures can play multiple...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 15:14

... properties and helped draft the manuscript KNH and KSH detailed the original idea and modified the first draft of manuscript YGS finalized the manuscript and supervised the work All authors read and ... coefficient, and hν is the energy of the incident photon The optical band gap (Eg) is calculated from the following expression by assuming a direct transition between valance and conduction bands [17]: ... Valenzuela and Russer reported that the FWHM of an XRD peak is reliant on the crystallite size and the lattice strain caused by the defect and/ or dislocations [16] The average particle sizes and FWHM...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... durations above 420°C and the film thicknesses, as shown in Figures and As the number of saw-tooth (’pulse’) and the total synthesis duration above 420°C increase, the nominal thicknesses of the ... 20-nm- and 200-nm -thick ZnO films (a) Optical transmittance of 25 samples of 200-nmthick ZnO film deposited on borosilicate glass slides (b) Optical transmittance of 20-nm- and 200-nm -thick ZnO ... deposited on 1.6-mm -thick fused quartz wafers (inset) Clockwise from top: 1, 000-nm-, 200-nm-, and 20-nm -thick ZnO films on fused quartz SEM images of (c) 20-nm- and (d) 200-nm -thick ZnO films deposited...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... additional energy levels in the band gap, which are localized and close to either the conduction or the valence band Since the energy difference between these levels and band edges is very small, a ... for a day in order to clean the surface and to enhance its hydrophilicity; and then rinsed many times with deionized water and dried in air The morphology and crystal structure of silver nanoparticles ... preparation of silver nanoparticles and their thin films is simple, convenient, and viable which allows nanocrystalline silver particles of spherical shape and almost narrow size distribution...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20