thermal properties of air at 1 bar pressure

... Lignin 1. Introduction 171 2. Glass Transition of Lignin in Solid State 173 3. Heat Capacity and Enthalpy Relaxation of Lignin 184 4. Molecular Relaxation 188 5. Lignin-Water Interaction 198 ... HARACTERIZATION OF GREEN POLYMERS 1. Thermal Analysis 13 2. Other Characterization Methods 25 Chapter 3 T HERMAL PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE AND ITS DERIVATIVES 1. Introduction 39 2. Thermal Properties ... cold-crystallization temperature T d thermal degradation temperature T g glass transition temperature T m melting temperature WAX wide line x-ray diffractometry W c water content= mass of water...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:20

... PII: S1359-8368(16)30063-4 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.03.039 Reference: JCOMB 4140 To appear in: Composites Part B Received Date: 27 November 2015 Revised Date: 25 January 2016 Accepted Date: ... Glass transition temperatures of re-ABS, re-ABS/NBR (90/10), and re-ABS/NBR/N15 nanocomposites Tg of re-ABS (0C) re-ABS 101.78 re-ABS/NBR (90/10) 100.40 re-ABS/NBR/N15 (90/10/1) 96.08 94.22 99.49 ... appeared at 2.50 o and 2.26 o which were lower than that of neat N15, indicating that NBR and EP ABS chains are intercalated into the interlayer spacing of the N15 tactoids [39] This also implies that...

Ngày tải lên: 16/12/2017, 10:26

... Total statistical 1.81 3.57 0.51 0.72 1.99 12.70 23.90 4.07 14.50 Fit range (high) 0.35 0.74 0.10 0.11 0.25 1.51 12.85 0.38 0.46 Fit range (low) 0.64 1.13 0.13 0.06 0.13 7.85 39.71 0.14 1.44 MeV ... B *(2P) B 1'(2P) B 1(2P) B (2S) B 1* B 2' B (2D) B2 B *(2S) 5.6 B 0* B 1' B1 B 3*(2D) B 3* B 2* B *π Bπ 5.4 B* 5.2 2S +1 B LJ 1S0 3S1 1P0 3P1 1P1 3P2 1D1 3D2 1D2 3D3 j q 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 3/2 3/2 ... 0.01 0.06 0.46 1.95 3.32 0.62 3.74 Effective radius 0.33 1.44 0.02 0.12 0.76 2.17 9.68 1.24 3.81 B∗ − B mass 0.10 0.11 0.03 0.02 0.11 0.04 0.17 0.00 0.09 BJ (5840)0 JP 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.01...

Ngày tải lên: 16/12/2017, 14:28

... temperature T m [°C] 2.681 1.241 2.16 29.82 A 2.701 1.246 2.17 28.96 2.610 1.263 2.18 32.27 B 2.548 1.254 2.16 31.11 2.678 1.249 2.20 30.56 C 2.656 1.265 2.18 30.56 Average values: 2.646 1.253 2.18 ... University of Bari from 1983 to 1987. Associate professor of Technical Plants at the Faculty of Engineering of the Polytechnic of Turin from 1987 to november 1991. Full Professor of the ISS ING-IND 11 ... in Bari on March 22 1954, graduate in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Bari in 1979. University Researcher at the of Engines and Energy Institute of the Faculty of Engineering at the...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... 5001000150020002500300035004000 % Transmittance C-N, 1395 cm -1 C=O, 1720 cm -1 C-C, 1515cm -1 C-N, 3556 cm -1 C=O, 725 cm -1 C=O, 1777cm -1 Wavenumber, cm-1 (a) (b) Fig. 4 FTIR spectra of a neat polyimide and b 2 wt% ... 1634 cm - - COOH, 3433-3150 cm -1 -NH, 3440-3124 cm - 1 C=O, 1707-1631 cm -1 C-O, 1295 cm -1 C-N, 1184cm -1 -CH, 2954 cm -1 Fig. 3 FTIR spectra of as such MWCNTs, acid modified MWCNTs and amine ... bending vibration of C=O group. C–C stretching of the aromatic ring appears at 1515 cm -1 . The studies confirm the for- mation of polyimide and match well with the earlier reported data [14]. Figure...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... Modulus at 300% elongation (MPa) Elongation at break (%) NR 1.86 – 0.70 0.31 1400 NRSBS 1/2 1.97 – 0.81 0.37 1310 NRSBS 1/4 2.06 – 0.90 0.38 1300 NRSBS 1/8 2.10 – 0.96 0.41 1240 NRSBS 1/16 2.14 – 1.05 ... 96.3 1.00 17.0 1.74 1125 2.10 -50.5 NS 3 221 97.4 1.11 18.9 1.98 1120 2.42 -48.6 SBS 0.5 94 89.0 0.80 2.1 3.04 430 0.80 -38.0 SBS 1 92 92.5 1.50 2.8 3.42 405 1.28 -37.1 SBS 2 87 95.1 2.20 3.1 3.85 ... 2, 1 (2007) doi:10.1007/s11671-006-9020-x 13 W Hofman, Rubber Chem Technol 7, 85 (1964) 14 A.K Bhowmick, J Cho, A MacArthur, D McIntyre, Polymer (Guildf) 27, 1889 (1986) doi:10.1016/0032-3861(86)90177-1...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 35 Porter, R S and Johnson J F., Ed 19 74, Analytical... Kobshigawa, K., Izuta, Y and Hatakeyama, H., Thermal degradation ... - 12 mg, material of crucible; platinium (carbon), shape of crucible: open and flat, temperature range; 290 - 870 K, heating rate (for standard measurements),10 - 20 K min -1 , heating rate ... min -1 ), atmospheric gas; N 2 , gas flow rate; 30 ml min -1 . Repeatability and accuracy of DSC data of polymers are found elsewhere [43-45]. Figure 2-5. Schematic conformation of heat-flux...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:20

... peak attributable to vaporization of water is observed in a temperature range from 273 to 400 K. Peak temperature of vaporization depends on the amount of water. Since heat of vaporization ... Derivatives 61 3.2 Heat capacity of cellulose in the presence of water 3.2.1 X-ray diffractogram of cellulose in the presence of water As described in 3.1, crystallinity (xc) of natural ... 3.4 x 10 4 , 3: 5.9 x 10 4 , 4: 1.03 x 10 5 , 5: 3.8x 10 5 (See Table 3-5) Experimental conditions; Heat-flux type DSC (Seiko Instruments DSC220), heating rate 10 K min -1 , Reference material;...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:20

... kinds of lignin DL KL LS Observed* Calculated Observed Calculated Observed Calculated ** Rigid state 11.3 11 .7 11.8 12.6 13.2 12.2 Hindered motion of 10.6 10.5 10 .7 11.4 11.5 10.9 methyl ... Unfractionated Hard wood* I 2600 1.33 Unfractionated II 4200 1.71 II-1*** II-2 7500 II-3 7000 1.54 II-4 6000 1.48 II-5 4900 1.53 II-6 4400 1.45 II-7 4000 1.41 II-8 4000 1.39 II-9 3800 1.42 ... lingosulfonate (LS) Hydrophylic m0 /meq g-1 Sample c m0 /g g-1 groups / -1 m0 / meq g meq g-1 -2 Li-LS 14,11 7. 90 x 10 4.30 3. 17 Na-LS 15.60 6.40 x 10-2 3.56 3. 17 K-LS 18.00...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:20

... sample is measured at the heating rate of 10 K min -1 . Figure 6-8. Representative E’ curves of CAPCL with various CL/OH ratios (mol mol -1 ). Numerals in the figure indicate CL/OH ratio [8]. Measurements; ... values at the peak temperature with CL/OH ratio show a maximum at around CL/OH = 5 to 10 mol mol -1 [8]. The variation of the intensities of tan δ at the β- dispersion is similar to that of ... that the thermal degradation of CAPCL’s proceeds in 2 steps. Thermal degradation at lower temperature is observed at around 620 K and that observed at higher temperature is observed at around...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:20

... FT/IR-420). heating rate = 20 K min -1 , gas flow rate = 100 ml min -1 , temperature of the gas transfer system = 540 K, resolution of FTIR = 1 cm -1 , one spectrum = 10 scans sec -1 . 258 Chapter ... of the residual products. This indicates that the thermal decomposition of the PU’s is caused to a fairly large extent by the degradation of PEG and isocyanate portions. The thermal degradation ... degradation, IR peaks corresponding to C-O-C (1134 cm -1 ), -C(=O)-O-C-(1206 cm -1 ), CO 2 (2362 cm -1 ) and C-H (2910 cm -1 ) were observed. DT d2 seems to correspond to the thermal degradation...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:20

... was indicated as [(m T – m 300 )/m 300 ] x 100, (%), where m T is mass at temperature T and m 300 is mass at 300 K. Mass residue was evaluated at 723 K. Figure 8-5 shows derivative thermal ... Geo-composites Containing Plant Materials 311 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 0 20406080100 Coffee Grounds Content / % ȡ / g cm -3 Figure 8-9. Change of density ( ρ ) with coffee grounds (CG) content in ... type PU composites. 312 Chapter 8 0 200 400 600 800 0 20406080100 Coffee Grounds Content / % E / MPa Figure 8-11. Change of modulus of elasticity (E) of PU composites with coffee grounds content....

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:20

... Magnetoresistor What is the Application? © H.L. Tuller-2001 2 3.225 5 Origin of Conduction Range of Resistivity Why? © E.A. Fitzgerald-1999 3.225 6 Response of Material to Applied ... wave-like • activated hopping • Field Dependence: • Linear vs non-linear © H.L. Tuller-2001 varies by over 25 orders of m 1 3.225 3 How Do We Arrive at Properties That We Want? • Crystal ... 3.225 1 Electronic Materials Silicon Age: • Communications • Computation • Automation • Defense • ……… Factors: • Reproducibility/Reliability • Miniaturization • Functionality...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:20

... 398 (1954) [108] R Kubo, J Phys Soc Jpn 12, 570 (1957) 155 Bibliography [109] R Kubo, M Yokota, and S Nakajima, J Phys Soc Jpn 12, 1203 (1957) [110] J Li, and L Porter, J Nucl Mater 255, 139 (1998) ... 1783 (2004) 156 Bibliography [122] R J Hardy, Phys Rev 132, 168 (1963) [123] M G Holland, Phys Rev 132, 2461 (1963) [124] C J Glassbrenner, and G A Slack, Phys Rev 134, A1058 (1964) [125] Y B Magomedov, ... Rev B 61, 2651 (2000) [114] Z Yao, J.-S Wang, B Li, and G.-R Liu, Phys Rev B 71, 085417 (2005) [115] R Zwanzig, Ann Rev Phys Chem 16, 67 (1965) [116] R Kubo, M Toda, and N Hashitsume, Statistical...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 08:38

... 267 ± 51 ± 16 256 ± 10 0.20 ± 0.03 227 ± 12 17 ± 27 230 ± 10 0 .10 ± 0.02 258 ± 10 ± 11 262 ± 10 0.04 ± 0.04 230 ± 10 50 ± 20 219 ± 12 0. 21 ± 0 .1 E v Results The synopsis of the calculated elastic ... deformation (4) Shear deformation ζ ζ 0 0 ζ 0 ζ ζ ζ C 11 2(C 11 + C12 ) C22 ≡ C 11 4C44 ≡ 2(C 11 − C12 ) Table Independent elastic constants (units of Nm 1 ) are shown for different values of the ... treatment to enhance their crystalline quality before the carbon implantation [6, 11 ] The doses of carbon implanted in the nickel thin films are × 10 15 , 1. 6 × 10 16 , 2.4 × 10 16 and 3.2 × 10 16 atoms/cm2...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 01:20

... VAP2b ⁄ catrocollastatin and catrocollastatin C may be explained by disulfide bond shuffling during experimental determination of cysteinyl pairs for catrocollastatin C (an explanation that we feel ... the Bothrops alternatus snake venom that interacts with alpha5beta1 integrin Arch Biochem Biophys 416 , 17 1 17 9 12 Robeva A, Politi V, Shannon JD, Bjarnason JB & Fox JW (19 91) Synthetic and endogenous ... result of a variety of proteomic and transcriptomic investigations of snake venom and venom glands respectively, numerous databases have been generated that illuminate the complexity of snake...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... at a concentration of 0.25 mgÆmL )1 Samples were scanned from 19 0 nm to 250 nm and accumulated twice at the resolution of 1. 0 nm with the scanning speed of 50 nmÆ min )1 The cell length was 0 .1 ... different redox potentials at the final concentration of 0.2 mgÆmL )1 In the redox buffer, the ratio (mM/mM) of GSH to GSSG was : 10 , : 5, 10 : 1, 20 : 1, 30 : and 50 : 1, respectively Simultaneously, ... disulfide bonds, of which at least two are non-native The denatured states of HPI under varying concentrations of urea and GdnHCl are shown in Fig With increasing concentration of denaturant, an increasing...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... maritima 11 9a 11 1a 12 1 10 6 12 2 12 5 17 6 19 5 91 107.5c 85 10 1 10 9 11 0 78 (pH 4)b 95 – 10 4 83 99 266 (30 °C)a,f 0.0041d 279 (30 °C)a,f 0.0033d – – – – 79 (20 °C) – 40 (50 °C) – 63 (10 0 °C) – 31 (25 ... dissociation c lM monomer d kf (s )1) ku (s )1) Thermodynamic model used 5.5 · 10 )5d 2.7 · 10 )4d · 10 )12 · 10 )12 · 10 )4 (pH 10 ) – · 10 )10 (pH 2) – 1. 8 · 10 )7 0. 018 – – – 1. 5 · 10 )7 4.6 · 10 )12 1. 6 · 10 )15 ... 10 )15 · 10 )8 (50 °C) – 1, 1, – – – 1, 1, – 1 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, Final folding ⁄ unfolding step (processes not two-state) FEBS Journal 274 (2007) 4023–4033 ª 2007 The Authors Journal compilation...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... Journal compilation ª 2008 FEBS C Christis et al 15 0 15 1 15 2 15 3 15 4 15 5 15 6 15 7 15 8 15 9 16 0 16 1 16 2 16 3 chaperones and transient formation of covalent complexes during protein degradation from ... Natl Acad Sci USA 10 0, 86– 91 Ritter C & Helenius A (2000) Recognition of local glycoprotein misfolding by the ER folding sensor 13 7 13 8 13 9 14 0 14 1 14 2 14 3 14 4 14 5 14 6 14 7 14 8 14 9 UDP-glucose:glycoprotein ... compilation ª 2008 FEBS 47 21 Protein folding and oligomerization – ER and cytosol 12 4 12 5 12 6 12 7 12 8 12 9 13 0 13 1 13 2 13 3 13 4 13 5 13 6 4722 C Christis et al may share key structural features with eukaryotic...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 06:20

... details of the ‘iron–sulfur switch’ regulating this protein in metazoan cells Experimental procedures Strains and media Strains W303-1B (mat a, ade2 1, ura3 1, his3 11 , trp1 1, leu2–3 ,11 2, can1 10 0), ... yeast implicate its role in iron-mediated redox regulation J Biol Chem 275, 16 227 16 234 11 Kosman DJ (2003) Molecular mechanisms of iron uptake in fungi Mol Microbiol 47, 11 85 11 97 12 Bekri S, ... structure of human iron regulatory protein as cytosolic aconitase Structure 14 , 12 9 13 9 FEBS Journal 274 (2007) 10 83 10 92 ª 2007 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2007 FEBS 10 91 Human IRP1 forms...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 10:20