the world bank and environmental rights

... REPORT 2011:05 The governance of the World Bank3 The two main institutions of the World Bank Group (WBG) are the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International ... elected them, and on the other hand they are Bank officials devoted to the interests and concerns of the institution The Executive Board of Directors has the overall responsibility for the general ... members of the Board of Governors, which convenes twice a year, once in the Spring and once during the Annual Meetings of the World Bank and the IMF The role of the Board of Governors is rather limited,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 10:20

... adjustment The World Bank and the IMF THE WORLD BANK or the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) were created in 1944 by leaders of the ... Impoverishing a Continent: The World Bank and IMF in Africa The U.S Connection Washington’s predominance ensured that whatever their theoretical mandates might be, the World Bank and the IMF would become ... policy content of adjustment programs (of the type supported by the IMF and the World Bank) .”29 The New York Times called the World Bank and the IMF, the overlords of Africa.” Beginning in 1980,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 11:20

... politics The Bank s understanding of good governance continues to reflect a concern over the effectiveness of the state rather than the equity of the economic system and the legitimacy of the power ... _ 1997 World Development Report 1997: The State in a Changing World (Washington DC: OUP for World Bank) _ 1994 Governance: The World Bank Experience (Washington, DC: The World Bank) ... strengthening governance systems and enhancing governing institutions The modernization of the state, the fight against corruption, the reform of judiciary, the strengthening of legislatures and the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 12:20

... in this regard, they are acutely aware of the Bank s connection to US power (and in particular the US Treasury) and the impact upon the Bank of the end of the Cold War, which they argue – along ... ‘visions’ for the Bank Four visions for the Bank are highlighted The first is the ‘Knowledge Bank , which they strongly associate with Stiglitz The second vision of the Bank is the organisation ... did the new projects and programmes of SIN take and why? What sorts of people, within and outside the Bank, were and were not engaged in them? What impact did the Bank s in-country work have and...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2014, 12:59

... of India and by other institutions with the help of World Bank under its Environmental Management and Capacity Building Programme At the Government level, the Ministry of Environment and Forests ... context, space and time by the economists and other social scientists, located all over the world During the last few years a lot of information and knowledge has been created in the area of environmental ... DELNET, BONET and MALIBNET Funding: The individual libraries determine their level of support The higher their budget the higher their support User libraries pay for the services they avail of...

Ngày tải lên: 06/09/2016, 14:08

... between the corporate insolvency and creditor rights systems and bank insolvency (and restructuring) and financial crisis, and the policy issues affecting the treatment of the later Over the coming ... insolvency laws © The World Bank page techniques are developed for pricing and managing risks, the basic rights governing these relationships and the procedures for enforcing these rights have not ... laws and institutions The Principles and Guidelines highlights the relationship between the cost and flow of credit (including secured credit) and the laws and institutions that recognize and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 10:20

... serve the interests of those to whom it was accountable REFORMING THE WORLD BANK During the 1980s, the World Bank and the IMF advocated similar policies, and there were many similarities in the ... and culture and is not easy to achieve From this perspective, the World Bank reforms, as incomplete as they may be, are impressive The contrast between the limited successes of the Bank and the ... many of the problems of the World Bank can be traced to the confusion over these two roles Moreover, they believe that the World Bank has been used by the more developed countries to force the middle-income...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 11:20

... The European Economy series contains important reports and communications from the Commission to the Council and the Parliament on the economic situation and developments, such as the Economic ... during the crisis of 1929-1933 16 I.2.5 The decline in world trade during the crisis of 2008-2009 16 I.2.6 Unemployment rates during the Great Depression and the present crisis in the II.1.1 Bank ... recovery remains uncertain and fragile The EU’s response to the downturn has been swift and decisive Aside from intervention to stabilise, restore and reform the banking sector, the European Economic...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 07:21

... in the spring of 2008 with the failures of Bear Stearns in the United States and the European banks Northern Rock and Landesbank Sachsen About half a year later, the list of (almost) failed banks ... deteriorating, banks cutting down credit further, and so on The downturn in asset markets snowballed rapidly across the world As trade credit became scarce and expensive, world trade plummeted and industrial ... associated with the rescue of Fannie Mae and Freddy Mac, the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers and fears of the insurance giant AIG (which was eventually bailed out) taking down major US and EU financial...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 07:21

... financial and trade integration at the outset By the late 1920s, the world economy had not overcome the enormous disruptions and destruction of trade and financial linkages resulting from the First World ... First World War and the contractionary behaviour of France and the 18 The defence of the fixed rate to gold was the fundamental element of the ideology of central bankers in Europe They focused ... stance, reluctant to expand expenditures In this way, the interwar gold standard became a mechanism to spread and deepen the depression across the world The rules of the gold standard forced participating...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 07:21

... position of banks) Both risk-averse households and banks acting on the interbank market, condition their supply of funds to banks on the leverage position of the investment bank Bank equity depletion ... the price for raising new bank capital at the stock market also increases, as investors learn about the increased riskiness of their investment in bank capital and demand a compensation for the ... Households and firms default on some of their loans The credit losses reduce bank equity and increase the leverage position of banks (the leverage effect is positively related to the initial...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 07:21

... Italy and the UK and after about 20 months in France and Germany • There appears to be a divide between France and the UK on the one hand and Germany and Italy on the other hand in the current recession ... quarter of 2009 on the same quarter a year earlier (-4.8%), the rise in the unemployment rate over the period is remarkably small in Germany, Italy and the Netherlands As noted above, the limited increase ... Italy and the UK and two quarters in Germany and France However, the unemployment rate had returned to pre-recession levels more than 30 months after the onset of the recession in Italy and the...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 07:21

... is the result of export demand collapsing even more strongly than import demand The euro area has thus provided a net demand stimulus to the rest of the world economy Overall, the role of the ... countries, the decline in surpluses reflects the collapse in foreign demand for consumer durables and capital goods (1) Louis Kuijs blog of the world bank in his blog entry http://eapblog.worldbank.org/content/chinasimport-surge-standard-economic-theory-commonsense-prevails ... as one of the culprits of the financial and economic crisis The persistent and large current account surpluses in the emerging Asian and oil producing economies have served to finance the US current...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 07:21

... US demand and a depreciation of the real US dollar exchange rate for the euro area and the EU at large in part depend on the policy actions and economic developments in other parts of the world ... centralised, and this should facilitate the cooperation between the monetary authorities in the EU and globally And fiscal policies in the EU are coordinated in the framework of the Stability and Growth ... came to figure prominently on the agenda of the G20 and other global fora in 2008 and 2009 With hindsight the way policies in the European Union have responded to the crisis should overall be...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 07:21

... 2009) The EU assistance comes in conjunction with loans of the IMF (EUR 13bn), the World Bank (EUR 1bn) and the EIB and the EBRD (EUR 1bn) The package was designed to enable the economy to withstand ... adopted by the Hungarian authorities in the last week of October 2008 The assistance is provided in conjunction with loans from the IMF (EUR 12.5bn) and World Bank (EUR 1bn) The purpose of the programme ... growth and jobs potential of the economy in the longer run, could support aggregate demand, employment and household income in the shortrun during the crisis, whilst at the same time improving the...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 07:21

... action and monitor their implementation This body would have as voting members the members of the General Council of the ECB, a Member of the European Commission and the Chairpersons of the three ... objectives Thus, the more effective the cleaningup and strengthening of bank balance sheets is the faster, stronger and more sustainable the economic recovery will be This would also set the conditions ... governments may hope that the financial system will 'grow out of the problem' and the exit from banking support would be relatively smooth But, as long as the quality of the assets on banks' balance sheets...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 07:21

... of the Great Depression and the rise to world power of the United States; and the conditions of economic theory, especially the breaking of the sanctity of the classical–neoclassical paradigm and ... for the IMF and the late 1970s for the World Bank, the controlling faction of economic belief shifted to the right under the combined impetus of two growing tendencies The first was a change in the ... elsewhere The World Bank and the IMF operate primarily as bankers to the central banks of nation-states Banks have power over policy formation because they control access to capital accumulations And...

Ngày tải lên: 30/10/2014, 17:24

... characterize the World Bank and sets it apart from other international organizations Setting the Context: Unique Features of the World Bank The unique features of the World Bank relate to the fact ... borrower understands the Bank s requirements and standards and helping the borrower find the financing and the technical assistance for preparatory work The project’s implementation is the responsibility ... the responsibility of the borrowing state, whereas supervision rests with the Bank The distinct roles of the Bank and the borrowing state are reflected in the Bank s policies and procedures For...

Ngày tải lên: 21/04/2016, 07:27

... Nutrition, and Population, Washington, DC: World Bank World Bank (2009), Implementation of the World Bank s Strategy for Health, Nutrition and Population (HNP) results: Achievements, Challenges and the ... Forward, Washington DC: World Bank World Bank (2007), Health Development: The World Bank Strategy for Health, Nutrition, and Population, Washington, DC: World Bank 10 The ICPD Program of Action ... countries improve their RH outcomes, particularly for the poor and the vulnerable and in the context of the Bank s overall strategy for poverty alleviation It underscores the Bank s strong commitment...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 10:20

... in the right 56 World Bank (2001a) World Bank (2001a) 58 The World Bank has developed a number of databases of indices, namely: The World Bank s World Business Environment Survey (WBES); The World ... THE WORLD BANK GROUP35 A World Bank Group PSD Activities – Historical Trends 55 Private sector development has been at the center of the World Bank Group’s activities since the beginning In the ... as well as the South Asian Forum for Infrastructure Regulation and the African Forum for Utility Regulation The World Bank has collaborated with the OECD and other donors to establish the Global...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 06:20